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Topic: Peasants Revolt

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	Britannia History: The Peasants' Revolt
		The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 is one of the most dramatic events of English history.
		The peasants pledged their allegiance to Richard, and handed him a petition which asked for the abolition of villeinage, for labour services based on free contracts, and for the right to rent land at fourpence an acre.
		Dyer, C (1984) 'The Social and Economic Background to the Rural Revolt of 1381' from The English Rising of 1381, Ed.
	www.britannia.com /history/articles/peasantsrevolt.html (1155 words)

	Peasants' War. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		When the peasants heard the church attacked by Martin Luther and other reformers and listened to traveling preachers expound such doctrines as the priesthood of all believers, they concluded that their cause had divine support and that their grievances would be redressed.
		The revolt received the blessing of the Swiss reformer Huldreich Zwingli and in Thuringia was led by the radical Anabaptist leader Thomas Münzer.
		Lacking unity and firm leadership, the peasant forces were crushed (1525) largely by the army of the Swabian League.
	www.bartleby.com /65/pe/PeasWar.html (346 words)

	ANISTORITON: Viewpoints (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The peasants' actions in Canterbury cathedral on the tenth of June are significant to a religious interpretation of the revolt.
		Finally, the religious goals and inspirations of revolt, to purify the church and establish a moral society that did not oppress the peasants and laborers, are evident in the climax of the revolt, the events in London from the thirteenth to the fifteenth of June.
		The peasants' acting in the destruction of the Savoy, the palace of the hated John of Gaunt, were again able to demonstrate their cause of fighting robbery and iniquity in a campaign for moral, Christian justice.
	www.anistor.co.hol.gr /english/enback/v005.htm (3139 words)

	The Peasants' Revolt 1381
		Peasants were forced to work for the same wages as before, and landowners could insist on labour services being performed, instead of accepting money (commutation).
		The barons liked the idea of the peasants helping to pay taxes, especially if the were acting as tax collectors, as some of the money was siphoned off into their pockets.
		The simple peasants believed that they were going to explain their grievances to the King, who had been badly advised, and that all would be set right.
	www.marxists.org /history/england/peasants-revolt/story.htm (1894 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: War of the Peasants
		A revolt of the peasants of southern and central Germany, the causes of which are disputed as a result of religious and political prejudice.
		The revolt was under the daring and clear-sighted guidance of Hans Müller of Bulgenbach and, as the rebellion spread over Swabia, Franconia, and Alsace, the power of the rebels steadily grew.
		In Alsace the peasants were conquered on 17 May by the united forces of Duke Anton of Lorraine and the Governor of Mörsperg; in Würtemberg they were overthrown near Sindelfingen by the commander of the forces of the Swabian League.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11597a.htm (1629 words)

	The English Peasants' Revolt of 1381
		The merchant class and the urban industrial workers existed somewhere between the peasants and the nobles; they were free but often survived as poor day-laborers and were frequently at the mercy of the abbots, their landlords.
		Even the peasant's private family life was regulated: "villeins may not marry their daughters nor have their sons tonsured without the personal approval of the bailiff." <2> The reeve, a village official ostensibly elected by the people, usually sided with his superiors instead of administering true justice for the peasant.
		It is ironic to think that these peasants were fighting against corruption in government (in addition, of course, for the abolition of serfdom, etc.) in the name of the king, but it was treachery, deception, and betrayal on the part of the king that destroyed their leader and their ability to fight.
	www.loyno.edu /~history/journal/1986-7/milone.htm (4128 words)

	::Peasants Revolt::
		Medieval England experienced few revolts but the most serious was the Peasants’ Revolt which took place in June 1381.
		Peasants wanted to be free of this burden that made the church rich but them poor.
		The Black Death had caused a shortage of labour and over the next 100 years many peasants found that they could earn more (by their standards) as the lords needed a harvest in and the only people who could do it were the peasants.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /peasants_revolt.htm (954 words)

	The new peasants' revolt
		Corporate agriculture is turning family and peasant farmers from stewards of the land into servants, or eradicating their livelihoods completely - [some] farmers [are] fighting back.
		Indra Lubis, part of a coalition of 13 Indonesian peasant unions with 900,000 members, explains that rejection of genetically modified seed and pesticides is about self-determination: 'With Monsanto, who have planted GM cotton in south Sulawesi, we'll have to depend on them for seed.
		Kanya Pankiti, a peasant from the south of Thailand - on her first trip out of the country - says the way her people grow food preserves the forest, the watershed and the soil.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Food/New_Peasants_Revolt.html (2650 words)

	Peasants’ Revolt Museum
		At the beginning of the 16th century, many European countries were involved in peasants' revolts: the great revolt of Dosza in Hungary in 1514, the uprising of Slovenian serfs in 1515, and, most significantly, the great peasants' war in Germany in 1524-1525.
		It was the third revolt since Franjo Tahi illegally bought half of the estate in 1564.
		The revolt ended on 9th February in the bloody battle of Stubičke Toplice (Stubica Thermal Springs), where the majority of the rebels’ army was subdued.
	www.mdc.hr /msb/en-seljacka-buna.htm (423 words)

	swuklink: The Peasants Revolt (1381) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Although directly triggered by the imposition of the Poll Tax of 1380 the Peasants' Revolt was caused by labourers attempting to take advantage of the increased demand for labour and the consequent rise in wages caused by the Black Death and their discontent at landlords attempting to enforce the Statutes of Labourers.
		Although Wycliffe did not encourage the revolt himself, at least not directly, his attacks on the wealth of the clergy and doctrine of equality of all men before God (in a very heirarchical feudal society) did much to contribute to the mood of discontent.
		The peasants were met at Mile End by King Richard II who granted their demands - thirty clerks drew up guarantees of indemnity to the rebels from the king and the peasants dispersed home.
	www.swuklink.com /BAAAGDDS.php (1056 words)

	Gastle - Chaucer and His AGe - The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 Presentation
		Perhaps most interesting is the description of the peasants' attack upon the Savoy as it relates to John of Gaunt's influence upon the London mob's focus of aggression.
		John of Gaunt's activities in Scotland during the revolt are given in full detail, along with a summary of related criticisms given by the peasants concerning his absence.
		This is especially crucial to understanding the character of John Ball and the motive behind the peasants' attack on St. John's hospital and the execution of Sudbury, the Archbishop of Canterbury.
	paws.wcu.edu /bgastle/420/present/PeasantsRevolt.html (1867 words)

	Peasants' Revolt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Peasants' Revolt, Tyler’s Rebellion, or the Great Rising of 1381 was one of a number of popular revolts in late medieval Europe and is a major event in the history of England.
		The revolt was precipitated by heavy-handed attempts to enforce the third poll tax, first levied in 1377 supposedly to finance military campaigns overseas — a continuation of the Hundred Years' War initiated by King Edward III of England.
		The third poll tax, unlike the two earlier, was not levied on a flat rate basis (as in 1377) nor according to schedule (as in 1379), but in a manner that appeared more arbitrary and hence unfair: it was also set at 12d compared with the 1377 rate of 4d.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peasants'_Revolt (1145 words)

	Medieval Period: Politics - Wat Tyler and the peasants' revolt
		Dartford's manors > Wat Tyler and the Peasants' Revolt
		Tradition states that Dartford played a major role in the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381 and that Wat Tyler, leader of the Kentish peasants, was from Dartford.
		Abel Ker, a resident of Erith was a leader of the Kentish peasants.
	www.dartfordarchive.org.uk /medieval/politics_wt.shtml (579 words)

	Peasants' Revolt - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Peasants' Revolt - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Peasants' Revolt, uprising in England in 1381, during the reign of King Richard II.
		The long-term causes of the revolt were rooted in the changes...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Peasants'_Revolt.html (118 words)

	1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Monument to the 1907 Romanian Peasant's Revolt in Buzău
		At that time peasants formed up to 80% of the Romanian population and about 60% of them held very little or no land at all, while the latifundia owned more than half of the arable land.
		The revolt began on the lands administered by one arendaş, Mochi Fischer, in the village of Flămânzi (the name seems predestined, as it literally means "Hungry men").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1907_Romanian_Peasants'_Revolt (555 words)

	Der Bauernkrieg von 1525: The German Peasants' Revolt
		The peasants demanded that the parishes have the right to elect their own pastors, and the right (if need be) to remove
		Labor services expected of the peasants were to be reduced to a tolerable level.
		It has been estimated that, by late April 1525, close to 300,000 peasants were under arms. The sheer size of the rising precluded a unified body of peasants and a common political strategy, but to the benefit of the peasants, the lords were unable to devise a cohesive strategy either.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/Strasse/9298/zuefallig/bauernkrieg.htm (885 words)

	Peasants Revolt 1381 - VillageNet History
		The King Richard II aged 14 agreed to meet the rebels, and to their demands for an end to serfdom, low land rental and repeal of the Labour Laws.
		The majority of the 100,000 peasants were satisfied and went home, but Wat Tyler remained with 30,000 supporters to see if more could be obtained.
		In September 1382 there was a small scale repeat when the peasants realised that nothing had changed, and marched on Linton and Maidstone, but they were quickly defeated and many executed.
	www.villagenet.co.uk /history/1381-peasantsrevolt.html (495 words)

	M. Luther's Life: Return to Wittenberg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Thomas Münzer, priest and former follower of Luther became a leader of peasant uprisings in Central Germany in 1525 which had already flared up in southwest Germany in 1524.
		The peasants, who called on the power of Luther's teachings, demanded more just (economical) conditions, even if that meant the downfall of the authorities.
		The peasants were defeated on May 15 at the battle of Frankenhausen.
	www.luther.de /e/bauernk.html (495 words)

	Peasants' War - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Peasants' War - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Peasants' War, German revolt (1524-1526) in which the peasantry and the urban mob rose up against their feudal overlords.
		Luther continued his teaching and writing in Wittenberg but soon became involved in the controversies surrounding the Peasants' War (1524-1526)...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Peasants'_War.html (104 words)

	Peasants' Revolt — Infoplease.com
		The revolution in the other Mexico; a peasant revolt is a reminder of old problems.
		Peasants, Populism and Postmodernism: The Return of the Agrarian Myth.(Book review.)(Review)
		From Poverty to Revolt: Economic Factors in the Outbreak of the 1936 Rebellion in Palestine.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0917273.html (218 words)

	Wat Tyler and the Peasants Revolt
		Not that the peasants blamed Richard for their problems, their anger was aimed instead at his advisors – Simon Sudbury, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and John of Gaunt, the Duke of Lancaster, whom they believed to be corrupt.
		In particular however, the peasants targeted their hatred at the lawyers and priests of the city.
		The poll tax was withdrawn and the peasants were forced back into their old way of life - under the control of the lord of the manor, bishop or archbishop.
	www.historic-uk.com /HistoryUK/England-History/WatTyler.htm (1160 words)

	South Africa: The Peasants Revolt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Peasants' Revolt, first published by Penguin African Library in 1964, is a study of a crucial period in the struggle against apartheid.
		It is legally held by a Trust on behalf of the State, and the peasant occupiers are - in effect - tenants, holding their land under conditions imposed by the government.
		But although some of the peasants who had arable allotments could still supplement their produce from the land by the sale of stock that they grazed on communal pasturage, they did not enjoy this advantage for very long.
	www.anc.org.za /books/peasants.html (21067 words)

	Wat Tyler's Rebellion (Peasants' Revolt)
		It was on this date, June 12, 1381, that the Peasants' Revolt or Great Rising of 1381, also known as Wat Tyler's Rebellion, began.
		The 1300s, or what historian Barbara Tuchman calls "The Calamitous 14th Century,"* was theoretically an Age of Chivalry, but in fact a time of superstition, faith, plague, great cathedrals, great poverty, great ignorance, brutal punishment (visited with a vengeance on the peasantry), sexual license and corruption, especially in the Church.
		The next thing the mob did was kill all the lawyers and judges they could find, and release their brother peasants from prison.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /rants/0612almanac.htm (683 words)

	The Peasants’ Revolt
		At the beginning of the 14th century, the Black Death had killed more than a third of the population of England, and for the first time the peasants became people of value, for manpower was very short.
		It was the beginning of the end for the feudal system, but the nobility were determined to suppress any democratic rising and did so ruthlessly.
		Costume of peasants and nobility, with the statute of 1363 concerning apparel.
	www.jackdaw.com /pc-328-60-the-peasants-revolt.aspx (145 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 Voices of the Powerless - 01/8/2002 featuring the Peasant's Revolt led by Wat Tyler
		The Peasants' Revolt began in the Essex village of Fobbing in May 1381.
		This was the end of the revolt in London, although further risings continued throughout the South East.
		Melvyn Bragg was made a Life Peer in 1998 and he took the title of Baron Bragg of Wigton in the County of Cumbria.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/voices/voices_revolt.shtml (1051 words)

	The Caballero Years/John Ball and the Peasants Revolt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		As these dissensions existed between factions within the church and between the mobility and the peasantry, the governmental control was being tossed about in the royal courts and claims to land was causing destructive wars.
		Although John Ball’s birthdate is questionable, his death came as a result of his participation in the Peasant’s Revolt in 1381-82.
		finally rebellion of the peasants occurred in 1380 when the poll tax was increased and the peasants rebelled.
	www.shsu.edu /~eng_wpf/history/johnball.html (675 words)

	History Archive: The Peasants Revolt 1381 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Peasants Revolt of 1381 was the first popular uprising in England.
		The peasants were objecting to high taxation and demanding payment of wages in money.
		A contemporary chronicle of the Reasants' Revolt and the murder of its leader Wat Tyler.
	marxists.org /history/england/peasants-revolt/index.htm (151 words)

	PRINT Gleanings: The New Peasants Revolt
		This global alliance of small and family farmers, peasants, landless and indigenous people, women and rural labourers, has a membership of millions...They believe food is a human right, not a commodity, and that their job--the production of food--is fundamental to all human existence."
		This global alliance of small and family farmers, peasants, landless and indigenous people, women and rural labourers, has a membership of millions--the vast majority from poor countries--and they're putting an alternative agricultural paradigm on the map.
		Kanya Pankiti, a peasant from the south of Thailand--on her first trip out of the country--says the way her people grow food preserves the forest, the watershed and the soil.
	www.newfarm.org /depts/gleanings/0503/peasantrevolt_print.shtml (2935 words)

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