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Topic: Peng Zhen

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Eight Immortals of Communist China

Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

Li Xiannian

Hu Yaobang

Li Peng

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Chinese Cultural Revolution

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Deng Xiaoping

	Peng Zhen - TheBestLinks.com - April 26, Beijing, Communist Party of China, Deng Xiaoping, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Peng Zhen (彭真; 1902 - April 26, 1997) was a leading member of the Communist Party of China.
		Peng was a member of multiple Central Committees and the Secretariat of the Central Committee.
		Peng fell out of favor with Mao Zedong in the April of 1966 when he attacked Mao's belief that all literature should support the state, but survived to be rehabilitated under Deng Xiaoping.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Peng_Zhen.html (302 words)

	Cultural Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Beijing Mayor Peng Zhen, a supporter of Wu Han, established a committee studying the recent publication and emphasizing that the criticism had gone too far, but denunciations, whether public or under the table, came from Jiang Qing and Lin Biao.
		In the Fifth Plenum of the Eleventh CCP Congress, held in 1980, Peng Zhen and many others who had been purged during the Cultural Revolution were politically rehabilitated.
		Peng himself was almost executed during the Cultural Revolution, and survived only due to a last-minute reprieve.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cultural_Revolution (7090 words)

	Glossary of People: Pe
		Peng spent 5 years in a Guomintang (Chinese Nationalist) prison and was freed in 1937.
		Peng became a key figure in the Fourth International while reporting on the repression of the Chinese Trotskyists during the 1951-1953 period.
		Peng retired from his leading political decisions in 1988 but continued to support the central collective leadership of China up to the time of his death.
	www.marxists.org /glossary/people/p/e.htm (1435 words)

	1996 AAS Abstracts: China Session 211 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Peng's responsibilities during the 1950s and again in the early 1980s for political legal work within the CPC Politburo allowed him to play a significant role in shaping the Party's legal policy, while his role as Chair of the National People's Congress Standing Committee offered unparalleled opportunities to affect the content and process of legislation.
		Peng's views on law have evolved from an instrumentalist approach that posited the interplay of law and politics in pursuit of the Communist Party's policy goals to one emphasizing greater procedural and institutional regularity, and even the beginnings of limited autonomy of legal rules.
		Peng Zhen's ideas about role of law afford us a penetrating glimpse into the legal culture of the PRC elite and permit preliminary conclusions to be drawn as to the future of law and legal institutions in China.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1996abst/china/c211.htm (1298 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Peng was a close friend of Liu Shaoqi, the key victim in Mao Zedong's purge during the Cultural Revolution.
		In response, Peng Zhen and Liu Ren conducted investigatons based on the spirit of "seeking truth from facts." In January 1964, the Municipal Committee annouced that the metropolitan city basically followed the literary and artistic line of the CCP Center (i.e., Mao).
		Peng passed away in April 1997, Lu in May 1996.) Before the meeting ended on 26 May, Deng Tuo had committed suicide on 18 May. Other associates of Peng Zhen were dismissed from their official posts and the Beijing party committee and municipal government were reorganized around Maoists, headed by Li Xuefeng.
	mcel.pacificu.edu /aspac/papers/scholars/yick/yick.htm (7505 words)

	China - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The chief targets were Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping (head of the CCP secretariat), and Peng Zhen (mayor of Beijing), all of whom were forced out of office.
		Chen Yun, Peng Zhen, and Deng Xiaoping all retired from the Politburo in October 1987, and soon after Li Peng took over as prime minister, Zhao Ziyang having become CCP chair.
		In January 1996, Li Peng declared that reunification with Taiwan would become a priority once Hong Kong and Macau were returned to China in 1997 and 1999 respectively.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /China (6179 words)

	AllRefer.com - China - Return to Socialist Legality \| Chinese Information Resource
		Peng Zhen, director of the Legal Affairs Commission and active in the reform efforts of the early 1960s, announced the new laws in June 1979 and had them published shortly thereafter.
		According to Peng's announcement, the laws were based on 1954 and 1963 drafts and provided a foundation for the socialist legal system and, ultimately, social democracy.
		As Peng Zhen pointed out in late 1979, because "most contradictions were among the people," involving constructive criticism not antagonistic to the party or state, punishment was inappropriate (see Policy Toward Intellectuals, ch.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/china/china349.html (1706 words)

	Baylor University \|\| The Lariat Online \|\| News
		Zhen Peng, a Beijing, China graduate assistant to Williamson, is serving as translator for the delegation.
		Peng is a staff member of the Ministry of Education in Beijing and knows several of the delegation members.
		Peng said this is the first time such a large education delegation from China has come to Texas.
	www.baylor.edu /lariat/news.php?action=story&story=14511 (347 words)

	China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Peng Zhen's father was a chemical engineer and he always hoped his son would study for an engineering degree.
		Peng Zhen was anxious to tell his friends his wonderful news but he had no chance.
		Peng Zhen smiled up at the boatmen who were shouting and poking their poles in the boys' directions.
	www.stf.sk.ca /teaching_res/library/teach_mat_centre/tmc/p10010/p10010.htm (6492 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The man responsible for this was Peng Zhen who had been mayor of Beijing in the Fifties and Sixties.
		Peng took the position that village democracy was essential for consolidating the spectacular gains from farm liberalization.
		Although he did talk of accountability of the party to the people, Peng himself saw no contradiction between strong state control and village democracy.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1030724/asp/opinion/story_2192127.asp (1134 words)

	Maoist Internationalist Movement Document
		Li Peng was the state authority behind the crackdown and Deng Xiaoping was the party authority behind Tiananmen.
		Through P'eng Chen, Liu Jen, and Wu Kuang, the United States had her try to topple Vice Chairman Lin.
		P'eng Te- huai, having illicit relations with foreign countries, colluded with Khruschev.
	www.etext.org /Politics/MIM/classics/text.php?mimfile=chekiangculturalrevolution2.txt (751 words)

	World Briefs I
		Peng Zhen, one of the so-called Eight Immortals in China because of his role in the Communist takeover of 1949 and his enduring influence, died late Saturday.
		Peng's official obituary took pains to note that the former head of the National People's Congress "resolutely supported the central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at the core." The obituary praised Peng as a "great proletarian revolutionary" who was a "major founder of the socialist legal system in China."
		Likewise in his sometimes contradictory career, Peng joined Deng in taking a tough stance against pro-democracy protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989, but was the chief architect of a fledgling democracy program in China's villages.
	www-tech.mit.edu /Issue/V117/N22/ebriefs1.22w.html (629 words)

	Peng Dehuai -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Peng was a military commander under Chiang Kai-shek but broke with him in 1927 when Chiang attempted…
		Wade-Giles P'eng Te-huai military leader, one of the greatest in Chinese communist history, and minister of national defense of China from 1954 until 1959, when he was removed for criticizing the military and economic policies of Mao Zedong.
		By the end of 1952, 1,200,000 Chinese were engaged in the war under the command of Peng Dehuai (P'eng Te-huai).
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9059064 (584 words)

	Peng Zhen -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		April 26, 1997, Beijing, China), was a hard-line elder of the Communist Party and one of the "Eight Immortals," the veterans of China's 1949 revolution who helped the Communist Party set policy well into the 1980s.
		In a play, Wu supposedly had used allegorical devices to lampoon Mao and laud the deposed former minister of defense, Peng Dehuai.
		The denunciation of Wu and his play on Nov. 10, 1965, constituted the opening volley in an assault on cultural figures and their thoughts.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9114847?tocId=9114847 (526 words)

	Asiaweek.com
		Peng is best remembered as the Beijing mayor purged during the Cultural Revolution for supporting playwright Wu Han.
		Peng spent 12 years in rural exile for supporting Wu.
		Peng is the second modern immortal to die this year; Deng passed away in February.
	www.asiaweek.com /asiaweek/97/0509/nat7.html (492 words)

	A dent to China's pride
		Countering the strategy of Peng playing close to the table, Li Qian decided to engage her in long rallies with her deep forehand, topspin returns.
		The angle and the spin of her returns had Peng in a spot of bother quite often.
		For, though Peng picked a point after a long and exiciting rally to see the score close at 8-10, it was Li Qian who was celebrating her triumph soon with a 5-11, 11-8, 4-11, 11-7, 9-11, 11-7, 11-8 victory.
	www.tssonnet.com /tss2639/stories/20030927002907000.htm (1899 words)

	Chinese Medical Diabetes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Jiao Peng, “The Treatment of 40 Cases of Early Stage Diabetic Nephropathy by the Methods of Boosting the Qi, Quickening the Blood and Transforming Stasis," Xin Zhong Yi (New Chinese Medicine), #9, 2001, p.
		Peng Geng-ru and Zhao Lin, “A Clincial Audit of the Treatment of 92 Cases of Type II Diabetes with Xiao Ke Tang (Wasting and Thristing Decoction) and Glyburide," Hu Nan Zhong Yi Za Zhi (Hunan Journal of Chinese Medicine), #2, 2002, p.
		Peng Zhen-sheng, “The Treatment of 102 Cases of Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes with Ping Xiao Jiang Tang Tang (Calm Wasting and Lower Sugar Decoction)," Zhe Jiang Zhong Yi Za Zhi (Zhejiang Journal of Chinese Medicine), #8, 2000, p.
	www.chinesemedicaldiabetes.com /resources/bibliography.html (12921 words)

	China - THE THIRD WAVE OF REFORM, BEGINNING IN 1986
		While Deng and the central reform leaders emphasized that party interference in government affairs actually weakened party leadership, conservative leaders such as Peng Zhen continued to speak about party unity and spirit and about the more gradual means to political change.
		At the same time that Hu Yaobang was removed from office, a campaign was initiated against "bourgeois liberalization." Given heavy play in the official media, this campaign sought to discredit Western political concepts and emphasize the importance of adhering to the four cardinal principles.
		The campaign against bourgeois liberalization became the means for conservatives led by Political Bureau members Chen Yun, Peng Zhen, and Hu Qiaomu to express their opposition to some of the reforms, especially the pace of the reform agenda, and to the increased democratization advocated by Hu Yaobang.
	countrystudies.us /china/119.htm (1070 words)

	Analysis: Deng's Death Leaves Potential Power Vacuum
		With Deng gone, the Chinese will want to know whether Jiang has the ability to pull off a major reshaping of the party or whether his vision and authority will be challenged by some collection of opponents who, freed by Deng's death, will now make their move.
		But the party may not be ready for such a wrenching and dangerous re-evaluation, since it would immediately raise the issue of culpability for the hundreds, if not thousands, of deaths that occurred during the military crackdown in 1989.
		He is now fighting to stay on in a key role after he steps down next year as prime minister, and he need only look at South Korea's treatment of retired leaders who sent troops against unarmed students for his motivation to remain on the political stage.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/world/0220deng-assess.html (1185 words)

	WashingtonPost.com: China, the Next Generation
		Peng Zhen, a conservative who was then chairman of the National People's Congress, rammed a village election law through the reluctant parliament.
		Wang said party elders like Peng "believed that the Chinese Communist Party would rule forever, but that they needed democracy to protect themselves." To win over waverers, Peng dubbed the law "experimental." Eleven years later, it still is.
		Some election supporters were true democrats who hoped the elections would spread to the more populous townships and cities, and ultimately include national offices like the presidency.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/longterm/chinanext/chinanext14b.htm (2219 words)

	Cui Naifu on China's Village Committee Elections
		Cui: The law was drafted under the direct leadership of Peng Zhen, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC.
		When we reported the situation to Peng Zhen, he made the following observations.
		These three observations by Peng Zhen became the fundamental driving force for us to draw up the law.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/55/142.html (1130 words)

	China Affirms Li Peng as Prime Minister
		ONG KONG -- Li Peng, an electrical engineer who studied in the Soviet Union during his 20's, was confirmed today by China's Parliament as the country's Prime Minister.
		Li's ascent through the ranks of the party has occurred under the patronage of a group of elderly hard-line party members, including Chen Yun and Peng Zhen, as well as that of Deng Yingchao, the widow of Zhou Enlai.
		Many of these party elders are known to have reservations about the pace, and even the direction, of China's current economic policies.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/world/asia/041088li-peng.html (633 words)

	Untitled Document
		Both Li Peng and Jiang Zemin are scheduled to step down from their high-level party and state offices in 2002 and 2003.
		Li Peng: It's just not true, Comrade Ziyang, that the official view in the April 26 editorial was aimed at the vast majority of students.
		Li Peng: I strongly urge that we move immediately to clear Tiananmen Square and that we resolutely put an end to the turmoil and the ever expanding trouble.
	www.wellesley.edu /Polisci/wj/China/Tiananmen/tampapers.html (6251 words)

	Anthropology 369 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Results were disastrous, an estimated 20-25 million people die of hunger in subsequent famines.
		Mao's policies criticized by Minister of National Defense Peng Dehuai.
		Peng later deposed and replaced by Mao supporter Lin Biao.
	academic.reed.edu /anthro/369/Maochronology.html (769 words)

	AllRefer.com - China - Introduction \| Chinese Information Resource
		Li Peng was elected premier of the State Council, as expected, and Yao Yilin and fifty-nine-year-old financial expert Tian Jiyun were re-elected as vice premiers.
		On a move that seemed to bode well for reform efforts, long-time Deng ally and political moderate Wan Li was selected to replace Peng Zhen as chairman of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress.
		The conservative Peng had been considered instrumental in blocking or delaying many important pieces of reformist legislation.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/china/china11.html (4027 words)

	UK Sports News with Try My Sport
		CAO Zhen (CHN), 16, was hiding her face, too shy to answer the questions from the press.
		She beat compatriot PENG Luyang in the final and took her first Pro Tour title ever – and she is only ranked 336 in the World.
		However at the decisive points I was the lucky one”, said CAO Zhen who won the World Cadet Challenge 2002.
	www.trymysport.co.uk /sports_news/table_tennis_news/2003/oct03/malaysia_open_results.htm (793 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Anything for Power: The Real Story of China’s Jiang Zemin — Chapter 9
		Qiao was backed by the political and legal affairs institutions as well as the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress, which were led respectively by Peng Zhen and Wan Li.
		Jiang gazed at the group photo on his table, which was taken on June 21, 1989, after the six new members of the Politburo—Jiang Zemin, Li Peng, Qiao Shi, Song Ping, Li Ruihuan, and Yao Yilin—had just been elected during the fourth plenary session of the 13th CCP Congress.
		Peng was a tough Party elder who even Mao knew not how to handle at times, such as in 1966 at the start of the Cultural Revolution.
	www.theepochtimes.com /news/5-7-28/30717.html (6299 words)

	Asiaweek.com
		say the family of Peng Zhen, one of the Communist Party's "immortals," is incensed by the treatment their late patriarch has received at the hands of the party hierarchy.
		The family must have sensed trouble was brewing when the Central Committee failed to form an official funeral committee for the elder statesman when he died on April 26.
		Sources say the most vocal critic has been Peng's fourth son, Fu Liang, who has demanded an explanation for the "oversight" from the Central Committee and a final resolution to the interment of his father's remains.
	www.pathfinder.com /asiaweek/97/0801/feat3.html (463 words)

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