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Topic: Pennsylvania German

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	Pennsylvania German language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pennsylvania German,, is a High German language spoken by 150,000 to 250,000 people in North America as well as the Amish.
		Nonetheless Pennsylvania German is a dialect of German, not Dutch typically in the Amish community.
		Pennsylvania German is well-known for its association with the Amish.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pennsylvania_German_language (1225 words)

	Pennsylvania German, so-called "Pennsylvania Dutch" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pennsylvania German (so-called "Pennsylvania Dutch") is a true dialect of the German language.
		It is not a broken or corrupted form of German; nor is it a creole (a composite language), or a pigin (a language for convenience of trade).
		The Pennsylvania Germans are so named because most of them came from German-speaking regions, and most settled in Pennsylvania (although their area of settlement spilled over slightly into adjacent states).
	alpha.fdu.edu /~boyer/PaDeitsch.html (240 words)

	The German-Americans-Chapter Seven
		Fascinating for Germans, this imagined decision has been popularized by German authors of travel literature since the 1840s and propagated by some American teachers of German and German teachers of English who are not entirely secure in their American history.
		The young Germans don't wish to continue to speak it." No wonder that in 1837 there was no majority in favor of alternately hiring German-speaking and English-speaking teachers in the public elementary schools of Pennsylvania, or for the admission of German for court proceedings.
		And the current status of the German language in American universities was realistically assessed when the organizers of the academic conference dealing with "300 Years of German Immigration," held in 1983 at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, determined that English would be the working language.
	www-lib.iupui.edu /kade/adams/chap7.html (2218 words)

	Reading Public Museum: Discovery Through Art, Science and Civilization, a museum, planetarium and park located in Berks ...
		The Pennsylvania Germans came chiefly from around the Rhine and Bavaria but there were also those from Switzerland, Alsace and Holland.
		Not to be overlooked are those objects primarily used in their churches and schools such as bibles (Bible Boxes were kept in the home), personal song books, printed hymnals, scholastic awards and "vorschriften" (manuscript examples of handwritten by schoolmasters that children copied to learn the letters and numerals of fraktur writing).
		Almost from the very beginning of the Museum, Pennsylvania German objects were displayed to reflect the strong artistic traditions of those German speaking immigrants who for the most part settled in Pennsylvania by the middle of the 19th century.
	www.readingpublicmuseum.org /galleries/second/pa_german.html (836 words)

	Dialect Literature and Speech, Pennsylvania German (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pennsylvania German is popularly known as "Pennsylvania Dutch," even though it is a German dialect rather than Netherlands Dutch.
		Many churches are still featuring an annual Pennsylvania German worship service; but it is becoming increasingly hard to find people who can conduct the service in Pennsylvania German with naturalness and spirituality.
		The Amish and Old Order Mennonites try hard to retain Pennsylvania German in their homes and in their worship.
	www.mhsc.ca /encyclopedia/contents/D5351ME.html (536 words)

	PaDutchCulture - Pa German Groundhog Lodges!
		Pennsylvania German men were to gather on this day, not only to hear the groundhog make its annual weather prognostication, but also to enjoy an evening of dialect fellowship aimed at instilling pride in their ethnic inheritance.
		Besides Pennsylvania German food, there were to be dialect songs, stories, speeches, skits, and reminiscing with regard to ethnic traditions and customs.
		Since Pennsylvania Germans are extremely superstitious in their beliefs and ways, the number 13 seemed to be ideally suited for the board.
	www.padutchculture.com /Groundhog.html (245 words)

	skew * four * Pennsylvania Dutch (Deitsch) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		German families lived in this area literally for centuries without assimilating into the "American" culture, even to the extent of learning English.
		Most of the Pennsylvania German my grandmother knows, she learned from her grandmother, who lived with the family off and on for the last four years of her life.
		One gets the sense, from listening to her reminisce, that there are parts of the story that would be better expressed in some Pennsylvania German word she heard long ago but never learned, or that she has forgotten.
	skew.ot.com /four/deitsch.html (1772 words)

	Pennsylvania German Fraktur
		When I first learned of Pennsylvania German Fraktur (pronounced FROCK-tur) documents, I was struck by the similarity of the artwork to hex art – bright colors, simple shapes, the fascination with animals and flowers.
		The Pennsylvania Germans were simple hardworking people, and their artwork tended to be practical.
		Pennsylvania artist Geraldine Knock-Paul is reviving this lively art form in her handmade muslin ornaments.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/illustration_and_illumination/89841 (594 words)

	Pennsylvania German Pioneers Research Guide
		Pennsylvania German Pioneers is a collection of the passenger lists of German immigrants who landed at Philadelphia from 1727-1808 and took the oath of allegiance.
		Pennsylvania German Pioneers was originally published as a 3 volume set of books...
		German & Swiss Settlers in America 1700s-1800s (CD #267) - this CD-Rom also includes the text of many other books related to German immigration to the US, mostly from the 18th century.
	home.att.net /%7Ewee-monster/penngermans.html (677 words)

	Pennsylvania Dutch Are Of German Heritage, Not Dutch
		Large scale immigration to Pennsylvania and the other rebelling colonies was for the most part stopped by the British just prior to the start of the Revolutionary War and was much restricted after that war ended by continuing British interference in the new country's trade and affairs until after the War of 1812.
		The various Pennsylvania German heritage societies continue to try and counter and correct the commercialization of the corruption of the true heritage of these people, but it is almost like trying to fight the wind.
		This article is posted to aide the inexperienced researcher of Pennsylvania names to recognize that most of the early settlers of the inland counties of southeastern Pennsylvania were German and/or German speaking and not Dutch.
	www.kerchner.com /padutch.htm (1158 words)

	NGA - Pennsylvania German Folk Art from the Index of American Design
		Pennsylvania German art is a distinctive folk style transplanted by European immigrants who settled in southeastern Pennsylvania.
		The Pennsylvania Germans were industrious people; they cleared the heavily wooded lands and tilled the soil to establish a new life in America.
		By isolating themselves from outside influences, the Pennsylvania Germans were not assimilated into the mainstream of American culture until this century.
	www.nga.gov /collection/gallery/iadpenn/iadpenn-main3.html (213 words)

	Welcome to Kutztown University: News and Events (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The museum is a collection of more than 10,000 artifacts representing Pennsylvania German rural life in 19th - and early 20th - centuries, and extensive genealogical records of several thousand Pennsylvania German families dating to the mid-1700s.
		The program is a year-round series of events celebrating Pennsylvania German culture and traditions - music, children's programs, classes in the Pennsylvania Dutch dialect, talks and demonstrations on topics such as home life, foods, and crafts.
		Of special interest is the Kutztown Pennsylvania German Festival, a nine-day celebration of Pennsylvania Dutch life and lore.
	www.kutztown.edu /news/german_heritage.shtml (460 words)

	18th Century PA German Naming Customs
		Many researchers, new to German names, who find a baptism of an individual with a name such as Johan Adam Kerchner, thus mistakenly spend a lot of time looking for a John Kerchner, in legal and census records, when he was known after baptism, to the secular world, as Adam Kerchner.
		It was a common practice in some German families to name the first born son after the child's paternal grandfather and the second born son after the maternal grandfather.
		Examples: Forst is German for a forest, thus Forster is one who worked in a forest or with woodlands or was from a forest.
	www.kerchner.com /germname.htm (1686 words)

	Pennsylvania German Cultural Heritage Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It was established in 1992 to gather, preserve, and disseminate knowledge of Pennsylvania German rural life in southeastern Pennsylvania from about 1740 to 1920.
		Annual events of special note are Harvest festival, a fall weekend celebration of Pennsylvania German life in a farm village setting, and Glieder Fescht, the festive early-spring dinner meeting of the Heritage Center Members Association.
		Preservation of the Pennsylvania German ("Pennsylvania Dutch") dialect as spoken in southeastern Pennsylvania is one of the Heritage Center's goals.
	www.kutztown.edu /community/pgchc/program.html (230 words)

	Historical society program to look at Pennsylvania German broadsides - April 12, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		These sheets, often printed in German during the 18th and early 19th centuries, were how people learned what was happening.
		Many of the Pennsylvania German broadsides were hand-colored or decorated and sometimes done by the same artists who made Pennsylvania German fraktur, which are decorated manuscripts made by and for Pennsylvania Germans from 1740 to 1910.
		The first German translation of the Declaration of Independence was published as early as July 8, 1776.
	www.dailyitem.com /archive/2004/0412/local/stories/05local.htm (472 words)

	German Shepherd Rescue of Southeastern Pennsylvania
		German Shepherd Rescue of Southeastern Pennsylvania ("GSR-SP") was formed as a Pennsylvania nonprofit corporation in early-1999.
		All donations should be made payable to: "German Shepherd Rescue of Southeastern Pennsylvania" and mailed to 9012 Cargill Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19115.
		Incorporation and financial information for German Shepherd Rescue of Southeastern Pennsylvania may be obtained from the Pennsylvania Department of State by calling toll free, within Pennsylvania, 1(800)732-0999 or by writing to Department of State, Corporation Bureau, P.O. Box 8722, Harrisburg, PA 17105-8722.
	www.petfinder.org /shelters/gsrsp.html (1014 words)

	Pennsylvania German Books from Lübecks Bookstore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The early settlers in Pennsylvania from German, Austria, Switzerland, and other German speaking lands where referred to as the Pennsylvania "Dutch".
		This book presents a comprehensive study of this man and his work and introduces to the reader this little known individual who, through the normal course of his life, left a legacy of artifacts for us to conserve.
		From Pennsylvania to Waterloo explores the development in the United States and Canada of a distinctive Germanic lifestyle.
	www.sedelmeier.com /books_amish.htm (1006 words)

	UW Press - : Word Atlas of Pennsylvania German
		This is the most extensive reference work documenting linguistic variations in Pennsylvania German (also known as Pennsylvania Dutch), the dialect now spoken primarily by Old Order Amish and Old Order Mennonite communities in the United States.
		The volume also includes an introduction to Pennsylvania German dialectology and linguistics by Mark Louden of the University of Texas, several essays by Seifert on dialect geography, and a brief biography of Seifert by Howard Martin of the University of Wisconsin.
		Lester W. Seifert was professor of German at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
	www.wisc.edu /wisconsinpress/books/3019.htm (222 words)

	The Pennsylvania German Flag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Pennsylvania German flag is such a symbol.
		CHURCH -- indicative of the devoutness of the Pennsylvania Germans whose religious convictions were a strong motivating force in their daily lives.
		The plow further symbolizes the Pennsylvania German farm as a source of food for state and nation.
	members.aol.com /esfillman/research/canada/PaGerman.htm (343 words)

	The Amish And "The Plain People"
		Although Lancaster Amish are Pennsylvania Dutch, all Pennsylvania Dutch are not Amish.
		The Pennsylvania Dutch are natives of Central Pennsylvania, particularly Lancaster and its surrounding counties.
		They speak a dialect of German called Pennsylvania Dutch at home; they use High German at their worship services; and they learn English at school.
	www.800padutch.com /amish.shtml (2482 words)

	Palatine Ships Passenger Lists from Germany to Pennsylvania 1727 to 1808
		The Palatinate or German PFALZ, was, in German history, the land of the Count Palatine, a title held by a leading secular prince of the Holy Roman Empire.
		There were many reasons for the desire of the Palatines to emigrate to the New World: oppressive taxation, religious bickering, hunger for more and better land, the advertising of the English colonies in America and the favourable attitude of the British government toward settlement in the North American colonies.
		Pennsylvania German Pioneers fee based database of original lists of German pioneers who arrived at the port of Philadelphia from the years 1727 to 1776.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~pagermanshipslists (1511 words)

	Cyndi's List - U.S. - Pennsylvania - Localities
		For anyone with a genealogical interest in the Pennsylvania counties of Somerset, Bedford, Cambria and Fayette; the Maryland counties of Garrett and Allegany; and the border counties in West Virginia.
		Bradford and Tioga Counties in Pennsylvania and Chemung County in New York.
		Tioga & Bradford counties in Pennsylvania and Chemung county in New York.
	www.cyndislist.com /pa-local.htm (1755 words)

	PA GERMAN SPRING TRADITIONS AND FOODS
		In addition to the cabbage and wild greens, PA Germans have historically grown a variety of leaf lettuce known as "deer tongue lettuce" since the shape of the leaves resembles the tongue of a deer, I guess.
		Another harbinger of the warmer months is the shift to picnic style meats such as smoked ham and my favorite form of this is a dish in which the ham is cooked in a style that is reminiscent of sauerbraten, but with ham and with the marinade being used to baste the ham during cooking.
		The smoked ham is cooked by baking in a Dutch oven and being basted by the pot liquors which are composed of the drippings of the ham and the fl vinegar sauce.
	www.serve.com /shea/germusa/paspring.htm (911 words)

	Pennsylvania Dutch or Pennsylvania German? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Pennsylvania Dutch (or Germans) emigrated from Europe to America in the 1700's.
		They settled, as one Colonial Pennsylvania official put it, "in the back parts of this province." The first Pennsylvania Dutch were true pioneers, who settled on what was then the frontier and today is the Pennsylvania Dutch country of southeastern Pennsylvania.
		I first encountered this theory is a book by A S Fogleman, who said that Dutch is "not a corruption at all," but rather a "legitimate, well-known term used by the English in the early modern period to describe the people who lived along the Rhine.
	home.att.net /~long.hair/whydutch.html (374 words)

	Teri's Kitchen - Pennsylvania Dutch (German) Recipes
		The cooking reflects both the German heritage and the hearty foods associated with the physical work involved in farming.
		In fact, the term came from the word "Deutsch", which is the German word for "German".
		Although the foods are very similar because of the German heritage, there are differences, probably based on the influences of the regions into which they settled.
	teriskitchen.com /padutch.html (239 words)

	The Web Page of Goschenhoppen.org
		Goschenhoppen is one of the oldest continuously existing Pennsylvania German communities in America.
		The Pennsylvania German folk culture is preserved in demonstrations of 18th and 19th century trades and homeskills.
		However, the potential of the Antes Property, with the 18th century backdrop is vast and so conductive to the authentic interpretation of the PA German folk culture that it is the ideal location to continue the tradition of the Folk Festival.
	www.goschenhoppen.org (471 words)

	Pennsylvania Dutch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pennsylvania Dutch (Pennsylvania German) is the blending of several German dialects.
		It is spoken in the Eastern United States and by a few thousand in Canada.
		There are perhaps 100,000 first language speakers, but mostly of middle or old age.
	www.flw.com /languages/penngerman.htm (40 words)

	Pennsylvania German Christmas Traditions
		Nativity scenes are popular at Christmas, and the "putz" is the Pennsylvania Dutch interpretation of the crèche.
		Apparently many Pennsylvania Germans were displeased as the name and identity changed to become associated with Santa Claus.
		Undoubtedly, the Christmas tree tradition was brought to America by the German settlers, and trees were fairly common by the 1820’s.
	www.amishnews.com /featurearticles/germanchristmas.htm (1082 words)

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