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Topic: Pentachlorophenol

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	Pentachlorophenol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pentachlorophenol has historically been used as a pesticide and wood preservative.
		In 1984 (or 1987 — references vary), the purchase and use of pentachlorophenol was restricted in the United States, and the general public may no longer buy it.
		Exposures to pentachlorophenol measured in minute quantities has been shown to affect the endocrine system of vertebrate life forms and may lead to immune system disfunction, and disruption of normal sexual, cognitive, physical and emotional development.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pentachlorophenol (169 words)

	RAIS: Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pentachlorophenol is almost insoluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol and ether, and moderately soluble in benzene (Budavari et al., 1989).
		(1979) reported that pentachlorophenol was excreted in the urine as parent compound (74%) and as the glucuronide (12%) and that 4% of the dose was excreted in the feces as parent compound and the glucuronide.
		Acute toxicities of pentachlorophenol, pentachloroanisole, tetrachlorohydroquinone, tetratchlorocatechol, tetrachlororesorcinol, tetrachlorodimethoxybenzenes, and tetrachlorodibenzenediol diacetates administered to mice.
	risk.lsd.ornl.gov /tox/profiles/pentachlorophenol_f_V1.shtml (4720 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Pentachlorophenol
		HIGHLIGHTS: Pentachlorophenol is a manufactured chemical which is a restricted use pesticide and is used industrially as a wood preservative for utility poles, railroad ties, and wharf pilings.
		Pentachlorophenol was widely used as a pesticide and wood preservative.
		Pentachlorophenol is broken down by sunlight, other chemicals, and microorganisms to other chemicals within a couple of days to months.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts51.html (1101 words)

	A Developing Toxic Tort: Lumber Mills, Log Cabins, Leukemia, Lymphomas and Soft Tissue Sarcomas: The Case Against ...
		Pentachlorophenol has been used as an insecticide, fungicide, and herbicide, in industry, agriculture and domestic applications, but it is primarily a wood preservative.
		Pentachlorophenol is a halogenated hydrocarbon, composed of a benzene ring to which is attached a hydroxide radical making a phenol which is then chlorinated.
		Pentachlorophenol is eliminated mainly through urine and the half life of elimination by urine has been observed to be as long as 18 to 20 days.
	consumerlawpage.com /article/penta.shtml (2114 words)

	Pentachlorophenol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pentachlorophenol (C.A.S. 87-86-5) is one of the most heavily used pesticides in the U.S. It is used primarily as an industrial wood preservative for utility poles, cross arms, fence posts, and similar structures.
		Pentachlorophenol organic solvents are freely soluble in alcohol; soluble in benzene; and slightly soluble in cold petroleum ether.
		In 1998, 818,253 pounds of pentachlorophenol waste were managed; 76,838 pounds were recycled on-site; 277,808 pounds were recycled off-site; 2,682 pounds were used for energy recovery on-site;4,416 pounds were used for energy recovery off-site; 109,941 pounds were treated on-site; 128,122 pounds were treated off-site; and 268,446 pounds were released on-and off-site.
	www.nsc.org /ehc/chemical/Pentachl.htm (1124 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pentachlorophenol is transformed by photolysis in water, with half-lives of 3.5 hours (pH 7.3) to 100 hours (pH 3.3) under UV light and a half-life of 48 hours (pH 7.3) in sunlight.
		Pentachlorophenol does not photolyse to a significant extent in soils, but may be photolysed at the soil surface (top 0.5 mm) when near-saturated conditions exist; total degradation in near-saturated irradiated soils was 55% greater than in the dark controls.
		The rate of pentachlorophenol degradation from adsorption and metabolism in soil is not dependent on soil texture, clay content, free iron oxides, or the degree of base saturation; however, it is partially dependent on the ion exchange capacity of the soil.
	www.unece.org /env/popsxg/docs/2000-2003/dossier_pcp_drf.doc (4617 words)

	Pentachlorophenol (PIM 405)
		Pentachlorophenol is non-flammable and non-corrosive in its unmixed state, whereas its solution in oil causes rubber to deteriorate.
		Pentachlorophenol occurs in two forms: the anionic phenolate at neutral to alkaline pH; and the undissociated phenol at acidic pH.
		Chemical activity and reactivity: Pentachlorophenol forms salts with alkaline metals; sodium pentachlorophate is converted exothermically to octachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin at 360°C; heating of the sodium salt to 280°C produces 0.9 mg/kg octa-chlorodibenzo-para-dioxins and 0.3 mg/kg hepta-chlorodibenzo-para-dioxins, together with 0.02 to 0.03 mg/kg hexa-, penta-, and tetra-chlorodibenzo-para-dioxins.
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/chemical/pim405.htm (8027 words)

	Koppers - CIS: Pentachlorophenol Pressure-Treated Wood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Wood treated with pentachlorophenol should not be used where it will be in frequent or prolonged contact with bare skin (for example, chairs and other outdoor furniture), unless an effective sealer has been applied.
		Wood treated with pentachlorophenol should not be used in the interiors of farm buildings where there may be direct contact with domestic animals or livestock which may crib (bite) or lick the wood.
		In interiors of farm buildings where domestic animals or livestock are unlikely to crib (bite) or lick the wood, pentachlorophenol-treated wood may be used for building components which are in ground contact and are subject to decay or insect infestation and where two coats of an appropriate sealer are applied.
	www.koppers.com /htm/Citiz_SHaE_CIS_PPTW.html (626 words)

	PENTACHLOROPHENOL - (Organic Method #39)
		Pentachlorophenol and its sodium salt are primarily used as antimicrobial and antifungal agents.
		The sodium salt of pentachlorophenol is used as an antimicrobial agent in starch or protein-based adhesives, and in the protection of leather and paints.
		The analysis for pentachlorophenol is rapid, sensitive, and precise.
	www.osha.gov /dts/sltc/methods/organic/org039/org039.html (5750 words)

	EPA Ground Water & Drinking Water > breadcrumb? > Consumer Factsheet on: PENTACHLOROPHENOL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a white organic solid with needle-like crystals and a phenolic odor.
		The greatest use of pentachlorophenol is as a wood preservative (fungicide).
		Pentachlorophenol Releases to Water and Land, 1987 to 1993 (in pounds):
	www.epa.gov /safewater/contaminants/dw_contamfs/pentachl.html (856 words)

	Pentachlorophenol: aquatic toxicity test results, environmental risk
		Exceptions are made for certain sales and industrial/professional use of pentachlorophenol formulations on a case-by-case basis for remedial timber treatment, use as surface biocides, treatment of fibres and heavy-duty textiles not intended for clothing or decorative furnishings, and as industrial synthesising and/or processing agents.
		For pentachlorophenol, the evaluation of toxicity was based on 41 aquatic toxicity test results, including 20 for fish, 14 for invertebrates, and 7 for plants, which were identified as being of the highest reliability (Reliability Level 1) according to the quality criteria recommended by the EU guidelines.
		It is known that pentachlorophenol is not persistent (this is confirmed by the decreasing levels in surface waters and sediments) and it is not expected to accumulate significantly in aquatic biota.
	www.eurochlor.org /index.asp?page=349 (1117 words)

	DIOXIN IN PENTACHLOROPHENOL: A CASE STUDY OF CANCER DEATHS IN THE LUMBER INDUSTRY
		Woodlife's principal ingredient was pentachlorophenol which was contaminated with dioxins and furans, the most carcinogenic chemicals known to man. Pentachlorophenol is an known and established carcinogen and is so listed by the State of California as a Proposition 65 cancer causing agent.
		One was an individual who emphasized his exposure to pentachlorophenol (PCP) by recalling the munition cases which he purchased from the Army depot during the time the 1968 wood was being sold and used to construct a tobacco curing shed.
		Gardner was expected to testify at trial that pentachlorophenol is irritating to the bone marrow causing mutagenic or chromosome abnormalities that are stabilized for a period of months or years and then the disease is activated by mechanisms unknown to us to develop into an acute malignancy.
	consumerlawpage.com /article/lumber.shtml (4859 words)

	PANNA: Pentachlorophenol Facts
		Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a pesticide and wood preservative which was historically widely used.
		It is unclear whether exposure of the developing fetus to pentachlorophenol will result in birth defects or other developmental effects in people, but laboratory animals exposed to high levels during development experience health effects including low body weight, decreased growth and skeletal problems (2).
		EPA has determined that pentachlorophenol is a probable human carcinogen and the International Agency for Cancer Research classifies it as possibly carcinogenic to humans (2).
	www.panna.org /resources/documents/factsPentachlorophenol.dv.html (505 words)

	EXTOXNET PIP - PENTACHLOROPHENOL (PCP)
		Pentachlorophenol is a moderately toxic compound in EPA toxicity class II.
		Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide and fungicide.
		Pentachlorophenol is also a major product of the metabolism of hexachlorobenzene in mammals.
	extoxnet.orst.edu /pips/pentachl.htm (1824 words)

	Fact Sheet No. 19: Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
		Pentachlorophenol is very toxic, locally irritant, dangerous to the environment and a suspected carcinogen.
		Technical pentachlorophenol may contain other chlorinated phenols up to a maximum of 12 per cent by weight.
		Pentachlorophenol or salts and esters hereof may contain a maximum of 1 ppm hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.
	www.mst.dk /chemi/01071900.htm (507 words)

	Pentachlorophenol Family Degradation Pathway
		The Pentachlorophenol Compound Page is a good example of a starting compound page.
		The Pentachlorophenol 4-Monooxygenase Reaction is a good example of a reaction page.
		Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide.
	umbbd.msi.umn.edu /pcp/pcp_map.html (204 words)

	[No title]
		Pentachlorophenol is a federal hazardous air pollutant and was identified as a toxic air contaminant in April 1993 under AB 2728.
		Pentachlorophenol is used as a wood preservative for utility poles, cross arms, and fenceposts.
		Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is registered as a fungicide and insecticide in California.
	www.scorecard.org /chemical-profiles/html/pentachlorophenol.html (1022 words)

	Documentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)
		Acute toxicity of monochlorophenols, dichlorophenols, and pentachlorophenols in the mouse.
		Acute and chronic effects of pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate upon experimental animals.
		Data on the substantiation of the maximum permissible concentration of pentachlorophenol in air.
	www.cdc.gov /niosh/idlh/87865.html (384 words)

	NCAMP-Poison Poles-Appendix A-Penta
		Pentachlorophenol (penta) is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon, closely related to other chlorophenols, hexachlorobenzene, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, all of which are found in commercial grade penta, along with secret "inert" ingredients.
		The first report of chronic poisoning from pentachlorophenol was reported in California Health in June, 1970 in the case of a woman who had moved into a newly constructed home which had been treated with penta.
		Cattle and other farm animals have ingested pentachlorophenol by chewing and licking outdoor wood structures, or from being housed in wooden pens that were treated with penta, causing sickness and death in some animals.
	www.ncamp.org /poisonpoles/penta.html (1234 words)

	Pentachlorophenol [factsheet]
		* Exposure to pentachlorophenol in the indoor air of pressure-treated log homes brushed with pentachlorophenol has been measured at 0.0005 ppb to 0.01 ppb, and levels in the air of industrially dipped, non-pressure-treated log homes have been measured at 0.034 to 0.0104 ppb.
		However, a direct causal relationship with pentachlorophenol exposure cannot be inferred from this study due to the presence of lindane in the blood and other possible confounding factors.
		(m g/L) EPA estimates that, if an individual were to ingest water containing pentachlorophenol at 0.3 Fg/L* over his or her entire lifetime, that person would theoretically have no more than a one-in-a-million increased chance of developing cancer as a direct result of ingesting water containing this chemical.
	www.lakes-environmental.com /toxic/PENTACHLOROPHENOL.HTML (1100 words)

	[No title]
		Pentachlorophenol contains several highly toxic dioxins which have shown carcinogenic effects in experimental animals.2.3Bans and restrictionsPentachlorophenol continues to be used extensively.
		The few available industrial surveys and epidemiological studies are limited in their usefulness because of small sample size, short follow-up periods and brief exposure periods.
		USPHS & USEPA, Washington (Dec. 1989) Williams, P.L. Pentachlorophenol: an assessment of the occupational hazard.
	www.pic.int /en/DGDs/PentachlophEN.doc (2319 words)

	Pentachlorophenol (EHC 71, 1987)
		The drafts of this document were prepared by DR G. ROSNER of the Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Aerosol Research, Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany, and DR A. GILMAN of the Health Protection Branch, Ottawa, Canada.
		Pure pentachlorophenol (PCP) consists of light tan to white, needlelike crystals and is relatively volatile.
		Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and its salt, sodium pentachlorophenate (Na-PCP), are the most important forms of pentachlorophenol in terms of production and use.
	www.inchem.org /documents/ehc/ehc/ehc71.htm (13573 words)

	Pentachlorophenol
		The site has been found contaminated with dioxins, creosote and pentachlorophenol, which were used in the wood treating process.
		Placed on the hazardous waste list in 1995, the site was contaminated by petroleum byproducts and pentachlorophenol, a toxic wood preservative.
		The plant uses mostly creosote and pentachlorophenol, which are carcinogens.
	carcinogens.cancer-help.org /Pentachlorophenol.html (299 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 87865
		Pentachlorophenol is used in large quantities as a wood preservative for utility poles,
		pentachlorophenol do not appear to be significant processes in soil.
		pentachlorophenol will be lost by photolysis and to a leasser extent, reaction with
	www.speclab.com /compound/c87865.htm (729 words)

	NCAMP-Poison Poles-Appendix B-Endnotes
		Persistence, leaching, and bioavailability of CCA and pentachlorophenol wood preservatives.
		The Pharmokinetics and Metabolism of Pentachlorophenol in Rats, Toxicol.
		Pentachlorophenol health advisory; Williams, P.L. Pentachlorophenol, an assessment of the occupational hazard.
	www.ncamp.org /poisonpoles/appb.html (2885 words)

	Pentachlorophenol, zinc salt Registration
		Pentachlorophenol, zinc salt - Registration, import consent and bans
		Note: See Working with the Information on this Page section below for important notes about this data.
		For detailed chemical information see the chemical detail page.
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_ChemReg.jsp?Rec_Id=PC36899 (341 words)

	PCP - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Quickview Toxicity Summary for Pentachlorophenol from U.S. EPA IRIS Database
		Emergency procedures (spills, poisoning, fire), hazards, and regulations for Pentachlorophenol, INCHEM HSG 19, 1989
		Emergency procedures (spills, fire, poisoning) for Pentachlorophenol, INCHEM ICSC
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC34087 (979 words)

	Find in a Library: Pentachlorophenol.
		; WHO Task Group on Environmental Health Criteria for Pentachlorophenol.
		To find this item in a library, enter a postal code, state, province, or country in the field above.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/d8533397266effd2a19afeb4da09e526.html (45 words)

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