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Topic: Pentaerythritol

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	NTP: Executive Summary Pentaerythritol Triacrylate
		Pentaerythritol triacrylate was applied at a non-irritating concentration (unreported) to a shaved area of the flank as described in the induction procedure.
		Pentaerythritol triacrylate was used at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.25%, which were described as the maximum concentrations that did not result in non-specific irritation.
		Pentaerythritol triacrylate was used as a 15% solution in acetone at an average dose of 0.0026 grams/mouse/application.
	ntp.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=03E15A1C-B2C6-AD48-6D8641DA30354F84&printFriendly=true (11667 words)

	International Resources, Inc.
		Pentaerythritol can be used to produce synthetic drying oils of good quality by esterification reaction with linseed oil, tung oil, or other natural drying oils, or by ester exchange and other reactions with fatty acid esters.
		Pentaerythritol and esters of monobasic long-chain fatty acids (stearic acid, palmitic acid), depending on the degree of esterification, take various physical forms, and are used as emulsifiers in cosmetics, and for abrasives and other purposes.
		Pentaerythritol is used as a medicine to lower blood pressure, as a tackifier in synthetic rubber manufacture, and as a stabilizer in vinyl chloride, among other uses.
	www.iri-us.com /penta/penta2.html (768 words)

	S.R.P.C Products
		when a pentaerythritol is used as the alcohol comonent of an alkyd resin in place of glycerol, the resulting resins increase in viscosity at a more rapid rate and have improved drying characteristics,better gloss and outstanding resistance to water and to alkalies.
		Hydroxyalkyl ethers of the pentaerythritols are used as emulsifying agents, textile lubricants, wetting agents, and emulsifiers for petroleum emulsions of the water- in-oil type, because of their hydrophilic properties.
		Pentaerythritol diisobutyraldehyde acetal is used as synergist for nicotine insecticides.
	www.srpc.ir /products_01.html (768 words)

	Pentaerythritol
		Pentaerythritol is an alcohol prepared by treating acetaldehyde with formaldehyde in an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide; used in synthetic resins and in paints and varnishes.
		Pentaerythritol esters of fatty acids are used as plasticizes for PVC resins.
		Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is a stable nitric ester but is sensitive to shock and is used to denotate explosives.
	www.greatvistachemicals.com /industrial_and_specialty_chemicals/pentaerythritol.html (841 words)

	Radiation cured abrasion resistant coatings of pentaerythritol acrylates and cellulose esters on polymeric substrates - ...
		Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate is particularly preferred due to its high performance in importing abrasion resistance to the final, cured composition.
		In the case of pentaerythritol-based polymethacrylates such as pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, an aromatic solvent such as xylol may also be employed in forming the coating composition.
		Pentaerythritol-based polymethacrylates such as pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate are soft, tacky solids and tend to crystallize when coated in solution on the substrate after solvent removal.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4399192.html (4649 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Notice of Filing of Pesticide Petitions
		Pentaerythritol stearates are ingredients in a product that Wacker-Chemie proposes to market in the United States exclusively as an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations that are used exclusively on crops and seeds used to grow crops.
		The potential for pentaerythritol stearate contamination of ground water or surface water is therefore negligible.
		Pentaerythritol stearates are ingredients in a product that Wacker- Chemie proposes to market in the United States exclusively as an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations that are used exclusively on crops and seeds used to grow crops.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/1997/December/Day-17/p32932.htm (3267 words)

	Stabilized chlorine-containing resin composition - Patent 4169819
		The composition of claim 1, wherein the ester derivative is an ester derivative of pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol.
		Pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol is difficult to pulverize into a fine powder.
		But pentaerythritol maleate does not provide sufficient thermal stability and sufficient impact strength of the chlorine-containing resin is not maintained.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4169819.html (3103 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5576452 - Continuous process for the production of a zinc containing chemical product - November 19, 1996
		Once the zinc oxide and pentaerythritol are reacted, the reacted materials are sent or transported to the discharge zone which preferably is maintained at a temperature of from about 185.degree.
		The pentaerythritol is preferably utilized with zinc oxide at a rate of about 1.7 to about 2.3 moles of pentaerythritol for every mole of zinc oxide.
		Premixed zinc oxide and pentaerythritol, at a ratio of 2 moles of pentaerythritol for every mole of zinc oxide is fed into a 5 inch Teledyne continuous mixer.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5576452.html (3554 words)

	Pentaerythritol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pentaerythritol is a polyol used in the fabrication of PETN, alkyd resins, varnishes, PVC stabilizers, tall oil esters, olefin antioxidants, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
		It is a white, crystalline odorless solid, with melting point 260.5 °C and boiling point 276 °C at 30 mm Hg.
		"The Chemical Reactions of Pentaerythritol and its Derivatives".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pentaerythritol (174 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Pentaerythritol Stearates; Tolerance Exemption
		An acute rat oral toxicity study with an acute oral LD50 of >2000 mg/kg demonstrates that the mixture of pentaerythritol stearates is practically non-toxic to mammals.
		The degradation products of pentaerythritol stearates (mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrastearates) include pentaerythritol and the naturally occurring fatty acid stearic acid, the residues of which have already been exempted from the requirement of a tolerance under 40 CFR 180.1001(c).
		Pentaerythritol stearates are currently used in substances approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as components of adhesives, paper and paperboard used in packaging, transporting or holding food under title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Secs.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/1996/April/Day-17/pr-656.html (1191 words)

	PETN - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, also known as Penthrite) is one of the strongest known high explosives, with a relative effectiveness factor (R.E. factor) of 1.66.
		PETNs' preparation involves the nitration of pentaerythritol with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid.
		Penthrite was first synthezised 1891 by Tollens and Wiegand by nitration of pentaerythritol.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/PETN (451 words)

	To be published in Section 1: Part I of Gazette of India Extraordinary
		Pentaerythritol is classified under Customs sub heading No 2905.42 under chapter 29 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975.
		The Authority holds that Pentaerythritol being produced by the domestic industry and that being imported from the subject countries can be used interchangeably and thus the two are commercially and technically substitutable and therefore, are like articles within the meaning of the Rules.
		It is considered necessary to impose definitive anti dumping duty, on all imports of Pentaerythritol originating in or exported from Canada, Japan and Taiwan.
	commerce.nic.in /adfin_penta.htm (5351 words)

	Degradation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate by Enterobacter cloacae PB2 -- Binks et al. 62 (4): 1214 -- Applied and ...
		Degradation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate by Enterobacter cloacae PB2 -- Binks et al.
		Degradation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate by Enterobacter cloacae PB2
		Basran, J., Harris, R. J., Sutcliffe, M. J., Scrutton, N. H-tunneling in the Multiple H-transfers of the Catalytic Cycle of Morphinone Reductase and in the Reductive Half-reaction of the Homologous Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Reductase.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/62/4/1214 (558 words)

	The Hindu Business Line : Anti-dumping duty on pentaerythritol imports
		Pentaerythritol finds application in the manufacture of alkyl resin, synthetic rubber, printing inks, stabilisers for plastics, explosives, pharmaceuticals and synthetic lubricants.
		The petition seeking anti-dumping probe on pentaerythritol imports from Canada, Japan and Taiwan was filed by Kanoria Chemicals & Industries Ltd.
		In its preliminary findings on investigations concerning imports of pentaerythritol from Canada, Japan and Taiwan, the Authority has recommended the imposition of provisional anti-dumping duty of $113.5 per tonne on imports from Canada; $174.70 per tonne in the case of imports from Japan and $248.60 per tonne in the case of imports from Taiwan.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2002/02/27/stories/2002022700690700.htm (361 words)

	PETN synthesis.
		A second ice bath is prepared to be used for emergency cooling of the mixture should its temperature become too high.
		Mixing is continued for 10 minutes after the last of the pentaerythritol is added.
		Increasing the amount of pentaerythritol will increase the water content at the end of the reaction, thus probably lowering the yields because of the oxidation of the end product.
	www.powerlabs.org /chemlabs/petn.htm (760 words)

	Megalomania's Method of Making PETN
		PETN is an acronym for pentaerythritol tetranitrate, other names include 1,3-propanediol; 2,2-[bis-(nitroxy)methyl]-dinitrate; 2,2-bis[(nitrooxy)methyl]-1,3-propanediol (ester); 2,2-bishydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol tetranitrate; nitropentaerythritol; niperyt; Lentrat; Hasethrol; Peritrate; Mycardol; Nitropenton; Pentral 80; Dilcoran-80; Terpate; Perityl; Pentritol; Pentanitrine; Prevangor; Subicard; Pentryate; Vasodiatol; Neo-Corovas; Pentafin; Quintrate; Pergitral; Metranil; Cardiacap; Angitet; dinitrate penta; niperyth; penthrit; penthrite; pentrit; nitropenta; NP; and TEN.
		Pentaerythritol may have its uses in the paint industry but no use in the hands of the public.
		White nitric acid is made by adding a small amount of urea to fuming nitric acid then blowing dry air into the acid until it is colorless.
	roguesci.org /megalomania/explo/PETN.html (515 words)

	Government of India
		Subject: Initiation of Anti-dumping Investigations concerning import of Pentaerythritol originating in or exported from China PR and Sweden.
		According to the petitioner, even though 2905.42.10 classification is meant for di-pentaerythritol, petitioner has alleged that imports reported under this classification is largely imports of pentaerythritol.
		In case where an interested party refuses access to, or otherwise does not provide necessary information within a reasonable period, or significantly impedes the investigation, the Authority may record its findings on the basis of the facts available to it and make such recommendations to the Central Government as deemed fit.
	commerce.nic.in /adint_pentaerythritol_chinapr.htm (1026 words)

	Toxicologic Review of Selected Chemicals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This rule was remanded by the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals and the limits are not currently in force.
		Daily applications of a saturated aqueous solution of technical pentaerythritol to rabbit skin produced no significant irritation; a single application of 10 g/kg aqueous paste on intact or abraded rabbit skin produced no evidence of percutaneous absorption (Keplinger and Kay 1964/ Ex.
		A slight and transient increase in apparent blood sugar that was proportional to the ingested dose appeared in these subjects soon after administration (Berlow, Barth, and Snow 1958, as cited in ACGIH 1986/Ex.
	www.bu.edu /ehs/ih/tox/115-77.htm (383 words)

	Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), produced for use as an explosive and a vasodilator, is not known to occur naturally, so the production and use of this kind of compound can lead to contamination of the environment.
		There also have been some reports of its degradation by bacteria, whose PETN reductase sequentially denitrates PETN into tri- and dinitrates (French et al., 1996).
		The last compound shown in the pathway, pentaerythritol dinitrate, is degraded further to unknown products.
	umbbd.ahc.umn.edu /petn/petn_map.html (143 words)

	STABILIZERS FOR POLYMERS HAVING IMPROVED PROCESSIBILITY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The process involves the reaction of an alkylphenol with diphenyl-(or a lower dialkyl-) pentaerythritol diphosphite.
		Manufacturing processes for pentaerythritol based alkylphenyl phosphite products are described in several patents including. US 4,305,866; 4,665,211; 5,137,950;4,739,090; 5,438,086 as well as some additional patents.
		The substituent groups in the above pentaerythritol diphosphite most usually are phenyl. Diphenyl pentaerythritol diphosphite is readily available and its transesterification with phenols proceeds smoothly. The dimethyl compound likewise proceeds smoothly in such trans-esterifications and its use is limited...
	www.priorartdatabase.com /IPCOM/000009679 (386 words)

	Differential effects of pentaerythritol tetranitrate and nitroglycerin on the development of tolerance and evidence of ...
		Differential effects of pentaerythritol tetranitrate and nitroglycerin on the development of tolerance and evidence of lipid peroxidation: a human in vivo study -- Jurt et al.
		Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is an organic nitrate that
		Pharmacodynamics and biotransformation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate in man. J Pharm Sci.
	content.onlinejacc.org /cgi/content/full/38/3/854 (3515 words)

	The Hindu Business Line : Dumping duty imposed on pentaerythritol
		THE Finance Ministry has imposed provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of pentaerythritol from Canada, Japan and Taiwan.
		The petition seeking anti-dumping probe on pentaerythritol imports from Canada, Japan and Taiwan had been filed by Kanoria Chemicals & Industries Ltd.
		Based on the recommendations of the Designated Authority in the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the revenue department has now imposed a provisional anti-dumping duty of $113.5 per tonne on imports of pentaerythritol from Canada; $174.70 per tonne from Japan and $248.60 per tonne from Taiwan.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2002/03/30/stories/2002033001800200.htm (221 words)

	Sequence and properties of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase from Enterobacter cloacae PB2 -- French et al. 178 ...
		Sequence and properties of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase from Enterobacter cloacae PB2 -- French et al.
		Sequence and properties of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase from Enterobacter cloacae PB2
		Khan, H., Barna, T., Bruce, N. C., Munro, A. W., Leys, D., Scrutton, N. Proton transfer in the oxidative half-reaction of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase: Structure of the reduced enzyme-progesterone complex and the roles of residues Tyr186, His181 and His184.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/178/22/6623 (765 words)

	Kinetic and Structural Basis of Reactivity of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Reductase with NADPH, 2-Cyclohexenone, ...
		Kinetic and Structural Basis of Reactivity of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Reductase with NADPH, 2-Cyclohexenone, Nitroesters, and Nitroaromatic Explosives -- Khan et al.
		The reaction of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase with reducing and oxidizing substrates has been studied by stopped-flow
		Proton transfer in the oxidative half-reaction of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase: Structure of the reduced enzyme-progesterone complex and the roles of residues Tyr186, His181 and His184
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/24/21906 (666 words)

	Send Inquiry or RFQ to Pentaerythritol CAS 115-77-5 Suppliers & Manufacturers
		Pentaerythritol CAS 115-77-5 Suppliers > Page: [1] 2
		Geneva, Switzerland RMF Chemicals is a distributor of hexamine and pentaerythritol.
		Andhra Pradesh, India Godavari Explosives Ltd.supplies pentaerythritol, explosives, gun powders and detonators.
	www.chemicalregister.com /Pentaerythritol/rfq/pid8948.htm (415 words)

	The Hindu Business Line : Dumping probe on pentaerythritol from China, Sweden
		PRICES of imported pentaerythritol may see northward movement, with the Designated Authority in the Commerce Ministry initiating an anti-dumping probe on imports from China and Sweden.
		Informed sources said that Kanoria Chemicals & Industries Ltd had filed the petition seeking anti-dumping investigation on pentaerythritol imports from China and Sweden.
		There are three producers of pentaerythritol in India.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2005/02/13/stories/2005021301360300.htm (221 words)

	Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Powered by XMB
		I was wondering does anyone has info no the synthesis on Pentaerythritol?
		Pyrotek used to sell that chemical but don't nomore.I had emailed them about it and they said " You need an ATF permit to order it".
		It is obtainable as snailbait, the only issue would be to purify it.
	www.sciencemadness.org /talk/viewthread.php?tid=371 (340 words)

	Anti-Dumping duty on Pentaerythritol when imported from Canada, Japan and Taiwan
		Anti-Dumping duty on Pentaerythritol when imported from Canada, Japan and Taiwan
		(a) Pentaerythritol, originating in, or exported from, Canada, Japan and Taiwan, had been exported to India below normal value, resulting in dumping;
		and has recommended the imposition of definitive anti-dumping duty on all imports of the said Pentaerythritol, originating in, or exported from, Canada, Japan and Taiwan;
	www.ieport.com /cus2002/Tariff/not119.htm (275 words)

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