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Topic: Pentose

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Deoxyribose

Triose

Hydroxyl

Ribose

Ketose

Carbohydrate

Tautomer

Carbon

Uracil

RNA

Adenosine monophosphate

Nucleic acid

Adonitol

Cytosine

Cell (biology)

	Pentose Phosphate Pathway
		The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (also called Phosphogluconate Pathway, or Hexose Monophosphate Shunt) is depicted with structures of intermediates in Fig.
		The remainder of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway accomplishes conversion of the
		The flow of intermediates containing 15 C atoms through Pentose Phosphate Pathway reactions by which 5-C sugars are converted to 3-C and 6-C sugars is summarized in the diagram at right and balance sheet below.
	www.rpi.edu /dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/pentose.htm (862 words)

	GLYCOLYSIS, GLUCONEOGENESIS AND THE PENTOSE PATHWAY
		The pentose pathway is logically divided into two components, an oxidative component in which 2 moles of NADPH are produced for each mole of glucose 6-phosphate that enters the pathway.
		The reactions of the oxidative phase of the pentose pathway are catalyzed by cytosolic enzymes.
		The nonoxidative, or carbon shuffling, phase of the pentose pathway consists of a series of rearrangements of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 carbon sugars through which 6 molecules of ribulose 5-phosphate are converted into 5 molecules of glucose 6-phosphate.
	www.biochem.arizona.edu /classes/bioc462/462b/glycolysis.html (2812 words)

	The Pentose Sugar Website - Linda Curreri (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pentose sugar was found in 1893 by Albrecht Kossel who was the first person to recognise that nucleic acids (called nuclein at the time) contained a carbohydrate.
		Pentose sugar, deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA, defines the nucleic acids which code and synthesise the amino acid sequences of the four protein structures which make up living organisms.
		Pentose medicine, pentosan polysulphate, appears to have all of the required qualification’s for assisting the body to heal, and safely; well it would have, after all it is....
	www.pentosesugar.com /intro.html (627 words)

	Pentose: Melbourne Dermatology Skin Care
		Pentose are any of the class of simple sugars whose molecules contain five carbon atoms, such as ribose and xylose.
		Ribose is a sugar of the pentose class that occurs widely in nature as a constituent of nucleosides and several vitamins and enzymes.
		Xylose is a sugar of the pentose class that occurs widely in plants, especially as a component of hemicelluloses.
	www.treatment-skincare.com /Glossary/Pentose.html (154 words)

	Pentose Phosphate Pathway
		The pentose phosphate pathway is primarily an anabolic pathway that utilizes the 6 carbons of glucose to generate 5 carbon sugars and reducing equivalents.
		The reactions of oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway are shown.
		The reactions of the non-oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway are shown.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/pentose-phosphate-pathway.html (1082 words)

	Ribose intervention in the cardiac pentose phosphate pathway is not species-specific -- Zimmer et al. 223 (4637): 712 ...
		Ribose intervention in the cardiac pentose phosphate pathway is not species-specific -- Zimmer et al.
		Ribose intervention in the cardiac pentose phosphate pathway is not species-specific
		In this study reported here the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the oxidative pentose phosphate shunt, was very low in the human heart and was of the same order of magnitude in the myocardium of various animal species.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/223/4637/712 (303 words)

	The Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
		E4P is an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway.
		R5P is an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway.
		All pentose phosphate pathway intermediates inhibit the activity of the glycolytic enzyme PGI.
	www.cellml.org /models/vaseghi_baumeister_rizzi_reuss_1999_version01/download (701 words)

	Glycogen metabolism
		The pentose phosphate pathway (or cycle) converts glucose-6-phosphate to reducing equivalents (NADPH) and biosynthetic precursors (ribose) for the reductive biosynthesis of lipids and nucleic acids.
		The second mode, or non-oxidative branch, of the pentose phosphate cycle includes several interconversion steps of C7, C4, and C3 ketoses and aldoses regenerating glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, all three being metabolites of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.
		All reactions of the non-oxidative branch are fully reversible, unlike the dehydrogenase reactions of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway.
	www.whatislife.com /reader2/Metabolism/pathway/glycogen.html (606 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Each individual nucleotide is further made up a pentose sugar, nitrogenous base and a phosphoric acid.
		The pentose sugar component is the backbone of the whole nucleotide unit.
		It is to this pentose sugar that other the nitrogenous base and phosphoric acid attaches to.
	library.thinkquest.org /C005053/pentose.htm (122 words)

	Amazon.com: pentose (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pentose compounds in the tissues of marine animals (Canada.
		Pentose phosphate pathway and radiation disease (Acta Universitatis Carolinae medica) by JirÌi SÌonka (Unknown Binding - 1979)
		The distribution of pentose compounds in the pancreatic tissues of the ling cod (Ophidon elongatus, Girard) (Canada.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=pentose&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (351 words)

	Pentose phosphate cycle - TBI
		The PPP degrades pentose sugars to triose phosphates.
		The PPP is subject of optimization to construct yeast strains that can use pentose sugars, such xylose and arabinose, as nutrients [2, 3, 4, 5, 6].
		Frick O and Wittmann C. Characterization of the metabolic shift between oxidative and fermentative growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by comparative 13C flux analysis.
	www.tbi.univie.ac.at /wiki/index.php?title=Pentose_phosphate_cycle&printable=yes (373 words)

	Junaid Ahmad - DNA molecule complete structure with Altas -
		Pentose sugar is the name given to a sugar with 5-carbon and the sugar in DNA is deoxy-ribose.
		The structure having nitrogenous base attached to carbon number 1 (C1) of one deoxyribose sugar (which is a pentose sugar) by N-glycosidic bond, is called a nucleoside.
		If we concentrate on one nucleotide (one nucleoside attached to one phosphate) in one poly nucleotide chain then we will see that C5' of pentose sugar is attached to one side of one Oxygen atom (O) and to the other side is present one phosphorous atom (P).
	www.geocities.com /jfvrtsj/writings/DNA (1331 words)

	Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway
		Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway
		The reactions of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway occur in the cytosol and are important for generating NADPH through the oxidative reduction of NADP+.
		The first reaction of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway is irreversible, and is the rate limiting reaction for the entire pentose phosphate pathway [ Christense02 ].
	pathway.yeastgenome.org:8555 /YEAST/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=OXIDATIVEPENT-PWY (831 words)

	Nucleotide Model preap (Site not responding. Last check: )
		is attached to the 1' carbon atom of the pentose.
		The combination of a base and a pentose is called a nucleoside.
		A phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the pentose sugar.
	sps.k12.ar.us /massengale/nucleotide_model_preap.htm (216 words)

	Wood-Ethanol Report
		The pentose sugars are particularly difficult to ferment.
		There is some risk in Iogen's approach to the pentose sugars as others have found significant problems moving from the lab to larger scale fermentations.
		Pentose sugar fermentation is still to be demonstrated.
	www.journeytoforever.org /biofuel_library/WoodEthanolReport.html (10099 words)

	Pentose phosphates in nucleoside interconversion and catabolism -- Tozzi et al. 273 (6): 1089 -- FEBS Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pentose phosphates in nucleoside interconversion and catabolism -- Tozzi et al.
		In the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate
		Alternatively, pentose phosphates are synthesized by phosphorolysis of nucleosides, either supplied by nucleic acid breakdown or transported from the external milieu.
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/273/6/1089 (6596 words)

	pentose phosphate pathway Information from Drugs.com
		a secondary pathway for the oxidation of d-glucose (not occurring in skeletal muscle), generating reducing power (NADPH) in the cytoplasm and synthesizing pentoses and a few other sugars.
		It also provides a means of converting pentoses and certain other sugars into intermediates of the glycolytic pathway.
		Synonym(s): Dickens shunt, hexose monophosphate pathway, hexose monophosphate shunt, pentose monophosphate shunt, pentose phosphate cycle, phosphogluconate pathway, Warburg-Dickens-Horecker shunt, Warburg-Lipmann-Dickens-Horecker shunt
	www.drugs.com /dict/pentose_phosphate_pathway.html (249 words)

	Functional Significance of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Glutathione Reductase in the Antioxidant Defenses of Human ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Functional Significance of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Glutathione Reductase in the Antioxidant Defenses of Human Sperm -- Williams and Ford 71 (4): 1309 -- Biology of Reproduction
		Functional Significance of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Glutathione Reductase in the Antioxidant Defenses of Human Sperm
		of the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolytic flux, thiobarbituric
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/abstract/71/4/1309 (341 words)

	Pentose Pharmaceuticals Closes $7 Million Private Financing
		In addition, funds from the financing will be applied to the continued clinical development of PEN203, Pentose's patented topical treatment for cutaneous and genital lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV)." INACTINE(TM) compounds are small molecule, electrophilic compounds that selectively bind and irreversibly modify nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), thereby preventing viral replication.
		Pentose Pharmaceuticals, Inc. develops and commercializes novel antiviral products for medical use based on innovative applications of nucleic acid chemistry.
		Pentose is a privately-held biopharmaceutical company founded in 1995 and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=105&STORY=/www/story/01-06-1999/0000838840 (315 words)

	Application Library of SIDMAP's Technology (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Decreased flux through the non-oxidative branch of the pentose cycle and cell proliferation.Â Metabolic Control points are evident in the pentose cycle for cell growth and death.
		The scrambling of 13C in hexose via the pentose phosphate cycle prior to glucose release is indistinguishable from dilution of labeled glucose by glycogen.
		Insulin-dependent glyconeogenic/glycolytic/ pentose cycle enzyme expression and glucose futile cycling are diminished and glucose clearance is increased in the serum of PPARa knockout mice.
	www.sidmap.com /publicationLibrary.cfm (2032 words)

	Pentose phosphate pathway
		The main purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is to generate the NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) needed for reductive biosynthetic reactions, such as fatty acid biosynthesis, and the ribose 5-phosphate necessary for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and nucleotide coenzymes.
		The PPP is also known as the pentose shunt, the hexose monophosphate pathway, or the phosphogluconate oxidation pathway.
		The structure of NADPH is similar to that of NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) except for the presence of a phosphate group on one of the ribose rings.
	www.db.uth.tmc.edu /faculty/alevine/1521_2000/ppp.htm (944 words)

	Building Blocks - Nucleotides
		A nucleotide is composed of three parts: pentose, base and phosphate group.
		In DNA or RNA, a pentose is associated with only one phosphate group, but a cellular free nucleotide (such as ATP) may contain more than one phosphate group.
		The pentose is called ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA, because the DNA's pentose lacks an oxygen atom at C2'.
	www.web-books.com /MoBio/Free/Ch3A.htm (263 words)

	L-25: The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Understand the non-oxidative pathway interconverts hexoses and pentoses reversibly involving C3, C4, and C7 sugar intermediates.
		Pentose phosphate pathway A. Overview NADPH NADPH C6 -->® --> ®--> C5 + CO2 (X 2.5) (X 3) (C3, C4, C7) Transketolase Transaldolase Transketolase B.
		Tissue needs for pentose phosphate pathway (liver, adipose, mammary, testis, adrenal cortex; absent in striated muscle) A.
	www.usd.edu /med/biochem/courses/bioc520/b520_25.htm (98 words)

	Pentose phosphate pathway (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Although there have been doubts as to the functioning of this pathway it is now clear that it plays a crucial role both in the metabolism of T. brucei bloodstream forms and its protection against oxidant stress.
		An important role of the pentose phosphate pathway is to maintain a pool of cellular NADPH, which serves as a hydrogen donor in reductive biosynthesis, and in the defence against oxidative stress.
		The PPP itself serves to convert glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) to ribose 5-phosphate (R5P), which is used in nucleotide biosynthesis.
	www.icp.ucl.ac.be /~opperd/review/pentose.html (356 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: The Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Pentose Phosphate Pathway Gene, Rpe1, functions in Furfural ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		RPE1 encodes D-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase, which functions in the non-oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway in yeast.
		Recently, RPE1 and other pentose phosphate genes have been shown to have an important function in genetically engineered xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae strains.
		Moreover, other gene mutants in the pentose phosphate pathway (tal1, ygr043c, tkl1, tkl2, gnd1, gnd2, and zwf1) did not have the same furfural induced growth defect seen in the rpe1 disruption.
	ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=168350 (421 words)

	[No title]
		NADPH is important for cells to maintain a reducing environment in the cell.
		Pg 553 in your book has another diagram similar to slide 32 in lecture 18, take a look at that and try to write names over the C3/C5/C6 that are on slide 32.
		Draw a box around the reactions that irreversible, and draw a circle around the reactions that are reversible.
	staff.washington.edu /dmwenzel/pentosepathway.doc (380 words)

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