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| | Encyclopedia: Mao Zedong |
 | | Under his leadership, the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) became the ruling party of Mainland China as the result of its victory over Chinese Nationalists, the KMT, in the Chinese Civil War. |
 | | On October 1, 1949, Mao declared the formation of the People's Republic of China at Tiananmen Square. |
 | | Mao responded to this by launching the Cultural Revolution, in the late 1960s, in which the Communist hierarchy was circumvented by giving power directly to the Red Guards, groups of young people, often teenagers, who set up their own tribunals and punished with judicious zeal. |
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