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| | Charlemagne and His Empire |
 | | It is not known, though, whether Pepin III did this in favor of Carloman, or whether he knew that Charlemagne would do a better job of defending and ruling the rebellious territories. |
 | | Himiltrude had one child Pepin the Hunchback, and Hildegard had six of his children, Charles, Pepin King of Italy, Louis I the Pious, Lothar, Berthe, and Rohtrud. |
 | | However, in July 810 Pepin died, and a year later Charles died, leaving the entire empire to Louis I. Louis and his father were considered co-emperors for a few years, until Charlemagne’s health declined. |
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