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	Percentile Rank
		A percentile rank is typically defined as the proportion of scores in a distribution that a specific score is greater than or equal to.
		For instance, if you received a score of 95 on a math test and this score was greater than or equal to the scores of 88% of the students taking the test, then your percentile rank would be 88.
		alternatively, percentile rank is sometimes defined simply as the proportion of a distribution that a score is greater than.
	davidmlane.com /hyperstat/A79766.html (92 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Percentile rank (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The percentile rank of a score is the percentage of scores in its frequency distribution which are lower.
		Percentile ranks are commonly used to clarify the interpretation of scores on standardized tests.
		If the distribution is normally distributed, the percentile rank can be inferred from the standard score.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/pe/Percentile_rank (99 words)

	What is a percentile rank, and what does it mean?
		Percentile rank identifies the percentage of a student’s peer group (e.g., grade level) that a student’s score surpassed.
		Percentile rank is useful in comparing an individual student's performance with those of other students within a defined group.
		While the student is in the middle of the group at the local level, nationally the student performed well, as did the other students in the district.
	www.pearsonedmeasurement.com /research/faq_2c.htm (279 words)

	[No title]
		For example reporting the 50th percentile of a distribution is a measure of the central tendency (this is the median).
		To interpret a percentile rank it is essential to know the characteristics of the reference group to which the score is being compared.
		Percentile ranks are reported on an ordinal scale, which means that they are not appropriate for most statistical analyses.
	www.andrews.edu /~thayerj/EDRM611/Summer2001ObjectivesUnit3.htm (1827 words)

	Interpreting Scores - ITBS - Iowa Testing Program - The University of Iowa
		Thus, for example, if Toni earned a percentile rank of 72 on the Language test, it means that she scored higher than 72 percent of the students in the group with which she is being compared.
		In the case of percentile ranks, stanines, and normal curve equivalents, the comparison is with a single group of students in a certain grade who tested at a certain time of year.
		Obviously, the percentile ranks would be as different as the grade equivalents if the norms for fourth grade were for the entire year, regardless of the time of testing.
	www.education.uiowa.edu /itp/itbs/itbs_interp_score.htm (3284 words)

	Stata FAQ: How should I analyze percentile rank data?
		The problem, of course, is that percentile rank data is not normally distributed.
		Percentile ranks are ordinal and follow a rectangular (uniform) distribution.
		The easiest solution is to transform the percentile rank scores into z-scores (standard normal scores) using an inverse normal function.
	www.ats.ucla.edu /stat/stata/faq/prank.htm (253 words)

	Predicting a Percentile Rank from r only
		But it is possible to estimate the percentile rank on one variable given the percentile rank for the other variable by knowing only the correlation coefficient.
		Estimate the percentile rank for y when x is on the 35th percentile.
		Thus, the y percentile rank is expected to be grater than 50th but less than 65th (which is what it would be estimated for a point on the SD line).
	omega.albany.edu:8008 /mat108dir/exam2-prep/prank-m2h.html (417 words)

	glossary
		A percentile rank score of 45 means that the student who scored at the 45th percentile scored better than 45% of the students in the reference group.
		Thus it is easier for students who score in the middle of the range to improve in percentile rank than it is for students at the bottom or the top.
		For this reason, individual percentile rank scores should never be averaged to compute an average percentile rank for a school nor should be used to measure change in student performance.
	www.ncrel.org /tech/claims/glossary.html (2067 words)

	Excel Percentile Rank Function
		Vardeman (see the references) explains what a percentile is using the example of reporting scores on an achievement test: "If a person has scored at the 80th percentile, roughly 80% of those taking the test had worse scores and roughly 20% had better scores" (pg.
		The "80th percentile" could be a score of 23 points, or stated in terms of a "quantile", Q(0.80) = 23.
		The quantiles (or percentiles) are calculated by using the Excel percentile function: =PERCENTILE(array,p) where the array is the data range (column G) and p is the cumulative probability (0.025 or 0.975).
	www.vertex42.com /ExcelArticles/mc/PercentileRank.html (879 words)

	ED230A The Distribution of Percentiles
		Percentile ranks or percentile scores are defined with respect to a norm or reference group.
		Thus, having a percentile rank of 60 is very nearly the same thing as having a rank of 60 out of 100.
		While percentile ranks are relatively easy to interpret they present problems when used in statistical analyses.
	www.gseis.ucla.edu /courses/ed230a2/percentile.html (547 words)

	Score Transformations (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Percentile ranks are advantageous in that the average person has an easier time understanding and interpreting their meaning.
		Percentile ranks may be closer to zero or one hundred than those obtained if the number of scores was increased.
		The second row, labeled "Percentile Rank" shows that the score of 500 is given a percentile rank of 50, the score of 600 is given a percentile rank of 84, the score of 700 is given a percentile rank of 97.5 and the score of 800 a percentile rank of 99.5.
	www.psychstat.missouristate.edu /IntroBook2/sbk12.xml (4027 words)

	University Of Minnesota: Office of Measurement Services
		Local Norms - Norms (i.e., percentile ranks and stanines) by which test scores are referred to a specific, limited reference population of particular interest to the test user (e.g., norms group is based on state, district, or school data) and are not intended as representative of populations beyond that particular setting.
		Percentile Ranks range in value from 1 to 99, and indicate the status or relative standing of an individual within a specified group (e.g., norms group), by indicating the percent of individuals in that group who obtained lower scores.
		For example, if a student earned a 72 nd Percentile Rank in Language, this would mean he or she scored better than 72 percent of the students in a particular norm group who were administered that same test of Language.
	oms.umn.edu /oms/index.php?select=mstp&mstp=testsandservices&testsandservices=glossary (2106 words)

	Summarizing Change in Test Scores: Shortcomings of Three Common Methods.
		Since most people are familiar with percentile ranks and the mathematics required for this method are relatively simple, this method is often employed to express change in test scores to the general public.
		Even when the mean percentile rank is calculated using students'standard scores or NCEs, summarizing change in score as the difference between the group's mean percentile ranks can be misleading because it implies that the same amount of change represents the same amount of growth at all points on the percentile scale.
		In reality, the further a percentile rank deviates from the mean, the more a student's score must increase for his or her percentile rank to increase.
	www.ericdigests.org /2001-2/test.html (1775 words)

	score types
		Percentile rank and percentile bands rank a student against other students in the norm group.
		Percentile rank indicates the student's standing relative to other students in the same grade in the norming group.
		For example, a student with a percentile rank of 75, did as well or better than 75 percent of the students in the norm group for the test.
	www.coe.usu.edu /psyc/slehman/nrt/score_type.htm (1553 words)

	FAQ: Calculating percentile ranks or plotting positions
		A test score may be reported as a percentile rank of 95% if 95% of scores are less than or equal to that score.
		In statistics it is common to assign the same rank to each of several tied values such that the sum of the ranks is preserved.
		Evidently, the median, the middle of the ordered values, is 1.61803 and should be assigned a percentile rank of 50%, or a plotting position of 0.5, as the value halfway through the distribution.
	www.stata.com /support/faqs/stat/pcrank.html (1475 words)

	1997-98 Knowledge and Concepts Examinations
		Percentile ranks range from a low of 1 to a high of 99, with 50 denoting average performance for the grade.
		A percentile rank may be interpreted as the percentage of students in a norm group who obtained scores equal to or lower than a given student’s scale score.
		For example, if a district average scale score converts to a national percentile rank (NP) of 71, that means that the average student in that district scored as well as or higher than approximately 71 percent of the students in the national norm group.
	www.dpi.state.wi.us /spr/kc98sec4.html (1231 words)

	CPS Magnet Program
		Testing eligibility for students applying for grades 5-8 will be based on the student's 2006-2007 ISAT national percentile rank in reading and math, or the 2006-2007 percentile rank in reading and math on a different nationally normed, standardized achievement test.
		Testing eligibility for students will be based on the student's 2006-2007 ISAT national percentile rank in reading and math, or the 2006-2007 percentile rank in reading and math on a different nationally normed, standardized achievement test.
		In order to be eligible for testing, students must score at or above the 90th percentile in one subject (reading or math), and at or above the 80th percentile in the other subject (reading or math).
	cpsmagnet.org /es_program_desc.jsp (1129 words)

	School Report For CUYAMA JT UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT
		CUYAMA JT UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT is in the 86.4% percentile rank in the state for Spending Per Pupil.
		It is in the 84.2% percentile rank nationally.
		Ranking of School Districts in California on Spending Per Pupil
	www.homesurfer.com /schoolreports/view/schoolreports.cfm?LEAID=0600009 (222 words)

	Average Percentile Rank by Region - Swivel
		Voice and Accountability Percentile Rank and Political Stability Percentile Rank
		Voice and Accountability Percentile Rank and Rule of Law Percentile Rank
		Voice and Accountability Percentile Rank and Voice and Accountability Governance Score by Region
	www.swivel.com /graphs/show/20598434 (288 words)

	School Report For ACTON-AGUA DULCE UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT
		ACTON-AGUA DULCE UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT is in the 10.5% percentile rank in the state for Spending Per Pupil.
		It is in the 16.5% percentile rank nationally.
		In this case, 10.5% of cities in California spend the same or less than ACTON-AGUA DULCE UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT.
	www.homesurfer.com /schoolreports/view/schoolreports.cfm?LEAID=0600001 (224 words)

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