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Topic: Perfectionism

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	PsycARTICLES - A Near-Perfect Anthology of Perfectionism
		Perfectionism has been investigated as a set of personality characteristics useful for distinguishing a number of adaptive versus maladaptive behaviors related to emotional and interpersonal functioning.
		Perfectionism is a difficult construct to define operationally, and research on perfectionism has been blessed (or cursed) with several competing multidimensional instruments.
		Contributing to the breadth of the Flett and Hewitt anthology is a chapter describing the interpersonal aspects of perfectionism.
	www1.appstate.edu /~hillrw/PerfBkreview.html (1690 words)

	Perfectionism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Perfectionism is a multidimensional personality style that is associated with a large number of psychological, interpersonal, and achievement-related difficulties.
		Perfectionism is a chronic source of stress, often leaving the individual feeling that he/she is a failure.
		In addition to these three kinds of perfectionism that focus on a need to be perfect, there is also a kind of perfectionism that involves needing to appear to others as if one is perfect.
	www.cpa.ca /factsheets/perfectionism.htm (599 words)

	Perfectionism: The Dark Side
		The American Heritage Dictionary defines perfectionism as "a propensity for being displeased with anything that is not perfect or does not meet extremely high standards." I really would prefer not to use a dictionary definition, but I know of nothing else that can describe the affliction so perfectly.
		Perfectionism is the chemotherapy of literature--it eliminates the bad, but also kills some of the good parts in the process.
		Perfectionism is a survival technique designed to outwit failure, to prevent disappointments in life.
	mysite.verizon.net /steveheffner/wfp/hofmann.html (988 words)

	Perfectionism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Silverman stresses that we must value the positive aspects of perfectionism because the vision of what is possible and the determination to create one's life as a reflection of that vision mark those with higher level development.
		Perfectionism is a function of asynchrony: gifted children set standards according to their mental age rather than their chronological age.
		Perfectionism is a distortion of the desire for self-perfection which is a positive evolutionary drive.
	www.nexus.edu.au /teachstud/gat/peters.htm (3907 words)

	Perfectionism (psychology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Perfectionism, in psychology, is a belief that perfection should be strived for.
		Perfectionism is one of the 16 Personality Factors identified by Raymond Cattell.
		Perfectionism is a risk factor for obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, and clinical depression.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Perfectionism_(psychology) (616 words)

	JYI: Perfectionism and Loneliness as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms: A Test of an Integrative Model (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Overall, perfectionism was found to be neither a significant main nor interactive predictor of depressive symptoms, while loneliness was found to be a significant unique main, but not interactive, predictor of depressive symptoms.
		Other-oriented perfectionism describes the tendency for an individual to expect that others should or will be perfect in their performance, and socially prescribed perfectionism refers to the tendency for an individual to believe that others expect perfection from him or her (Hewitt and Flett 1991b).
		Since measures of perfectionism and loneliness are distinctly different, we expected that both perfectionism and loneliness would be unique predictors of depressive symptoms.
	www.jyi.org /volumes/volume10/issue1/articles/park.html (3858 words)

	Perfectionism and Eating Disorders - Gurze Books
		These divergent effects speak to the complexity of perfectionism, a characteristic often attributed to individuals with eating disorders and their families.
		Perfectionism is usually derived from a variety of sources and it is most likely a combination of these sources that leads to its development.
		Perfectionism in children and their parents: A developmental analysis.
	www.gurze.net /site12_5_00/newsletteredt8.htm (1108 words)

	Perfectionism - Causes and Explanations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		To some degree, perfectionism may be built on a foundation of an innate disposition.
		If a child is made to feel incompetent and ineffective, the child may compensate by striving to “be perfect” and to “do better” in order to achieve the mastery that seems to be absent.
		Therefore, in broad general terms, perfectionism can be seen as a version of the ego defense mechanism that Adler called compensation, an effort to counterbalance real or imagined feelings of inferiority.
	www.thehealthcenter.info /emotions/perfectionism/causes.htm (824 words)

	Perfectionism - The Flaw of Flawlessness - Introduction to Symptoms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		I’m beginning to think that my perfectionism is one of the major obstacles to having a better life and reaching my goals.
		Perfectionism can be defined as a personality trait characterized by a compulsive effort to eliminate all flaws and blemishes from one’s behavior and the products of that behavior.
		If perfectionism is chronic and excessive, as it appears to be in Amelia’s case, then the individual is said to suffer from an obsessive compulsive personality disorder.
	www.thehealthcenter.info /emotions/perfectionism (1011 words)

	Perfectionism, Social, Emotional, Achievement, Resources, Center for Talent Development, for academically talented or ...
		Greenspon, a self-proclaimed perfectionist himself, explained the origins of perfectionism and shared findings that can help families better help their gifted students with this issue.
		Perfectionism is about wanting perfection, fearing you won't get it, and most of all, not feeling totally acceptable if you can't be perfect.
		Perfectionism isn't about being the best, or working harder, or pushing yourself - that is pursuing excellence.
	www.ctd.northwestern.edu /resources/socemoachieve/perfectionism.html (624 words)

	Perfectionism and the Gifted: What's Good, What's Bad?
		When many of us hear the word "perfectionism," we picture a neurotic, uptight person who is unable to function due to constant frustration over an inability to measure up to his or her own impossibly high standards.
		In recognition of the healthy and unhealthy types of perfectionism, many authors employ contrasting terms, such as enabling perfectionism vs.
		As a productive force, perfectionism is the drive to do one's best, resulting in satisfaction and pleasure with one's achievements.
	www.cmu.edu /cmites/perfectionism.html (541 words)

	perfectionism.htm
		that perfectionism is necessarily a negative phenomenon that leads to impaired mental health in children and adolescents.
		perfectionism are so pervasive in the children's lives, it would be next to impossible to confine intervention to school-related concerns.
		intervene to decrease levels of perfectionism that are actually adaptive and contribute to the well-being of the student.
	www.usm.maine.edu /~amoroso/edu621/perfectionism.htm (4055 words)

	fallnewslett04
		Consequently, perfectionism should be recognized as both necessary and potentially extremely valuable, so it can be utilized as an asset rather than shunned as a liability.
		Perfectionism can cause children to feel worthless, unlovable, perpetually dissatisfied with their efforts and abilities, and can even lead them to consider suicide.
		First, by recognizing that perfectionism is often an important aspect of giftedness, and that it needs to be recognized for the gift it is. Children should not be too easily satisfied with their efforts, but should be encouraged to set goals which take some struggle to achieve.
	www.neurolearning.com /fallnewslett04.htm (3282 words)

	Voices of Perfectionism
		Family, teacher, and peer influences on perfectionism were perceived as mostly positive for the healthy perfectionists, but negative for the dysfunctional perfectionists.
		Perfectionism is a combination of thoughts and behaviors associated with excessively high standards or expectations for one's own performance and is recognized as a common emotional trait of giftedness.
		Healthy perfectionists believed their perfectionism was a positive force in their relationships with parents and families, while the dysfunctional perfectionists viewed perfectionism as creating a strain in these relationships (i.e., parental expectations and criticism).
	www.gifted.uconn.edu /nrcgt/schuler.html (584 words)

	PERFECTIONISM--UIUC Counseling Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Perfectionism refers to a set of self-defeating thoughts and behaviors aimed at reaching excessively high unrealistic goals.
		Perfectionism is often mistakenly seen in our society as desirable or even necessary for success.
		Once you have tried these suggestions, you are likely to realize that perfectionism is not a helpful or necessary influence in your life.
	www.couns.uiuc.edu /Brochures/perfecti.htm (1172 words)

	Healing Pages: Find Healing From Perfectionism
		To help you get started: If your perfectionism were to go on and on and get worse, describe how your perfectionism would influence your life.
		Say everything you want to say about the influence of perfectionism upon your life now and how the influence of perfectionism can impact your life in the future if things stay the same as they are now or things get worse.
		We encourage you to release the grip of perfectionism upon you and let the power of your perfectionism be placed into the hands of God.
	www.findthepower.com /HealingPages/HealingPagesPerfectionism.htm (1852 words)

	perfectionism
		A cherished goal for only a small portion of the population, excellence is the hard-won prize of those whose zeal and dedication are fueled by the drive to attain perfection, as they envision it.
		Perfectionism is the most misunderstood aspect of the personality of the gifted.
		If truth be told, it is in part their perfectionism that makes them great.
	talentdevelop.com /perfection.html (1837 words)

	Perfectionism and Its Destructive Path, by Charles C. Ziccardi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Perfectionism is a concept that plagues our society in many ways.
		Perfectionism starts to develop in people at a very early age.
		I feel strongly that many deaths and tragedies could be avoided if perfectionism was a recognized personality disorder.
	www.selfgrowth.com /articles/ziccardi.html (491 words)

	Perfectionism Linked to Anorexia, Bulimia in Women
		In one of the largest studies to date on the issue, researchers found that perfectionism appears to increase the risk of developing eating disorders, but not other psychiatric problems, such as depression, alcoholism, anxiety disorder, or phobias.
		Researchers say perfectionism is a personality style in which a person is overly critical of his or her own performance.
		Anorexia is an eating disorder characterized by starvation and compulsive exercising, and bulimia is an excessive concern over body weight that leads to periods of binge-eating and subsequent self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/60/67087.htm (400 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Health \| Why perfect is not always best
		Some scientists think perfectionism should be categorised as a medical condition, alongside other behavioural problems, such as obsessive compulsive disorder.
		Professor Flett claims that certain forms of perfectionism can be linked to a host of emotional, physical and relationship problems, including depression, eating disorders, marital discord and even suicide.
		He says perfectionism is evident in children as young as four years old.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/3815479.stm (776 words)

	TxState Counseling Center - Perfectionism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		One definition of perfectionism is a learned internal motivation to strive for perfection based on the belief that self-worth is equated with performance.
		In other words, the perfectionist is afraid to do something unless he or she is certain it can be done completely and perfectly because failure is unacceptable.
		We strive to be perfect because we live in an achievement oriented, competitive society that holds perfectionism as a high social value.
	www.counseling.txstate.edu /bro/perfectionism.htm (413 words)

	Perfectionism: Topical Research Series #3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Second, researchers questioned whether or not perfectionism is in fact unitary, pathological construct, or if perfectionism is better understood in terms of two discrete components: healthy perfectionism and unhealthy perfectionism.
		The first article, The Incidence of Perfectionism in Gifted Students by Parker and Mills (1996), looked at the incidence of perfectionism in a group of intellectually gifted sixth grade students, compared to a group of their average achieving peers.
		In Parents' Achievement Goals and Perfectionism in Their Academically Talented Children by Ablard and Parker (1997), researchers examined the relation between the achievement-related goals parents have for their children, and the children's self-reports of perfectionism on the MPS in sixth grade.
	www.jhu.edu /gifted/research/topical3.html (960 words)

	Perfectionism
		Perfectionism is a problem for many teenagers today.
		This thought-provoking, encouraging book explains the differences between healthy ambition and unhealthy perfectionism and gives strategies for getting out of the perfectionism trap—from recognizing the symptoms to rewarding yourself for who you are, not what you do.
		It explains why some people become perfectionists, what perfectionism does to the mind and body, why girls are especially prone to perfectionism, and more.
	www.freespirit.com /catalog/item_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=195 (200 words)

	Hoagies' Gifted: Perfectionism and the Gifted Child
		Perfectionism is about believing that if we can just do something perfectly, other people will love and accept us-and if we can't, we'll never be good enough.
		The construct of perfectionism, its measurement, its linkage with intellectual giftedness, and strategies for overcoming its negative effects...
		In terms of perfectionism, parents, teachers and schools have to try to avoid putting pressure on children to be perfect, although it may be very difficult to avoid perfectionism...
	www.hoagiesgifted.org /perfectionism.htm (581 words)

	The many faces of perfectionism
		There are also clear problems with other-oriented perfectionism, the tendency to demand perfection from friends, family, co-workers and others.
		Hewitt and Flett suggest that this is because self-oriented perfectionism is a risk factor, or vulnerability, for psychological disorders--not a disorder itself.
		They found that hopelessness and psychological distress among college students could be predicted by the interaction between perfectionism and avoidance coping--dealing with problems by avoiding them--but not by perfectionism or avoidance coping alone.
	www.apa.org /monitor/nov03/manyfaces.html (1305 words)

	University Counseling and Consulting Services: Student Academic Success Services: SASS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In general, perfectionism can be described as the belief that making mistakes is unacceptable, that whatever is done must be done error-free.
		Procrastination: Perfectionism is one of the major causes of procrastination.
		Anxiety or Depression: Severe perfectionism can leave a person feeling anxious or depressed since there is rarely a sense of accomplishment, satisfaction, and reward for hard work.
	uccs2.ucs.umn.edu /lasc/handouts/imperfectlook.html (1377 words)

	Perfectionism
		Perfectionism, on the other hand, is strongly associated with depression, anxiety, fear, and frustration.
		Psychologists who have studied the link between perfectionism and emotional distress have identified some mental distortions that perfectionists use to interpret their experiences.
		We are not asked to "run faster than we have strength." Remembering that we are not required by the Lord to be the "swift" nor the "strong" reduces the risk for depression, anxiety, and mental distress.
	ccc.byu.edu /counseling/perfect.php (668 words)

	Freeing Our Families from Perfectionism
		Perfectionism is about believing that if we can just do something perfectly, other people will love and accept us—and if we can’t, we’ll never be good enough.
		Perfectionism is a burden that takes a heavy toll.
		In this groundbreaking book, Tom Greenspon explains perfectionism, where it comes from (including influences outside the family), and what to do about it.
	www.freespirit.com /catalog/item_detail.cfm?ITEM_ID=82 (249 words)

	Perfectionism
		Inhuman standards and self-defeating perfectionism are familiar human challenges.
		The self-defeating forms of perfectionism are based on absolutistic and unrelenting standards for performance.
		Through perfectionism we pay too much attention to detail, have too many rigid rules, and are preoccupied with time.
	emoclear.com /clusters/perfectionism.html (1216 words)

	Perfectionism - APA Books
		Gordon L. Flett and Paul L. Hewitt provide an emerging picture of perfectionism that is as timely as it is important.
		Leading scholars reveal perfectionism as a personality style with multiple developmental influences that contribute to significant interpersonal problems.
		Perfectionism will be a welcome resource for researchers, clinicians, counselors, and educators who encounter perfectionists in their work and all others who are interested in learning more about this challenging personality style.
	books.apa.org /books.cfm?id=431669A (137 words)

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