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	Pergamon Altar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The front of the Pergamon Altar, as it is reconstructed in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin.
		According to Simon, the frieze is arranged geneologically, with the descendants of Ouranos and Ge, the Titans and Olympians, on the South and East friezes, respectively.
		On the interior of the great altar is a separate frieze depicting the life of Telephos, son of Herakles, whom the ruling Attalid dynasty associated with their city and utilized to claim descendance from the Olympians.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pergamon_Altar (738 words)

	Pergamon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pergamon or Pergamum (Greek: Πέργαμος, modern day Bergama in Turkey) was an ancient Greek city, in Mysia, northwestern Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus (modern day Bakircay), that became an important kingdom during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty, 282-129 BC.
		The Attalids, the descendants of Attalus, the father of Philetaerus who came to power in 282 BC, were among the most loyal supporters of Rome among the Hellenistic successor states.
		In the first century AD, the Christian Church at Pergamon was one of the Seven Churches to which the Book of Revelation was addressed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pergamum (453 words)

	Art produced in Pergamon (Pergamum)
		Pergamon was founded according to Mythology by Telephos a son of Herakles (Hercules) and Auge a priestess of Athena Alea at Tegea.
		Pergamon also is a name for Troy which is the home of Aeneas who escaping from Troy was a founder of the Roman state.
		The Altar of Zeus was constructed by Eumenes II (197-159 BC) and after his death by Attalus II as a memorial of the victory against the Galatians and taking the Acropolis of Athens as an example.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Arts/Pergamon.htm (1390 words)

	Pergamum - All About Turkey
		The Theater of Pergamon, one of the steepest theaters in the world, has a capacity of 10,000 people and was constructed in the 3rd century B.C. The theater underwent changes during the Roman period under the reign of Caracalla.
		The famous Altar of Zeus in Pergamon is on the south of the theater.
		The Altar which was taken away from Pergamon in 1871 and carried to Germany by the German engineer Carl Humann, is exhibited at the Museum of Pergamum in Berlin, in a manner conforming to its original.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /pergamum.htm (773 words)

	All about Pergamon
		Pergamon later became the capital of a flourishing Hellenistic kingdom and one of the principal centers of Hellenistic civilisation.
		Pergamon became the center of a diocese in the Christian era, and one of the Seven Churches of the Apocalypse mentioned in Bible was located here.
		Pergamon attained a high culture in the Hellenistic era, boasting an outstanding library that rivalled in importance that of Alexandria, a famous school of sculpture and excellent public buildings and monuments of which the Zeus Altar is the best example.
	www.izmir.cx /html/pergamon.htm (2918 words)

	Hellenistic Art
		Altar of Zeus to the south, and made a new Propylaia or gateway to give a slanting view of the temple of Athena from the landward side.
		Pergamon was to be an Athens in the East.
		So the Altar of Zeus was the Parthenon of the Pergamenes; and the temple of Athena, which could not carry this symbolism, was yet given a resemblance to the Parthenon when the gateway was built, because a similar slanting view faced the spectator when he emerged from the Parthenon gateway on the Athenian Acropolis.
	employees.oneonta.edu /farberas/arth/ARTH209/Hellenistic.html (732 words)

	Dikili / Pergamon Middle East - Cruise Reivews.com
		Pergamon which was a castle city surrounded by city walls at the top before, was surrounded in Attalos period twice, it was in the condition of being a big and a safety city and in the Roman period a panaroma of expanding to plateau was seen.
		The Pergamon Theatre was built on a steep slope and is one of the most elegant architectural constructions of the Hellenistic era.
		Here the reliefs are not in the second place, fragments of the altar were recycled in the construction of the Byzantine fortification walls, but rediscovered by Carl Humann in 1871 and later reconstructed in the Berlin Museum.
	www.cruise-reviews.com /port_info/port_detail.asp?fPortID=395 (3403 words)

	BerlinLIVE \| Pergamon Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Pergamon Museum, the Neues Museum, the Alte Nationalgalerie, the Bode Museum, and the Altes Museum stand on this piece of land between the Spree and Kupfergraben Rivers.
		The Pergamon Museum is named for (and its architecture inspired by) its main attraction, the second century BC Pergamon Altar, which draws over 850,000 visitors each year.
		A model of what experts believe the altar must have looked like two millennia ago is displayed in a case at the base of the stairs.
	www.mcah.columbia.edu /berlin/places/pergamon.html (314 words)

	pergamon
		The city of ancient Pergamon (or Pergamum, today's Bergama) was created by the newly-founded royal dynasty in the mid-third century BCE.
		One of the most richly decorated structures of the Hellenistic period, the remains of the Altar of Zeus are now located in the Pergamum Museum in Berlin.
		The reconstruction of the altar, as it is situated in the Berlin Museum.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~prchrdsn/pergamon.htm (481 words)

	Travel Guide To Turkey, Travel, turkey, GUIDE MARTINE,Turkey, Guide, Guide Martine, istanbul, Martine, turkey photos, ...
		When the Ptolemies prohibited the export of papyrus to Pergamon, the use of sheep or goat skin, already long established in the city, was improved and a new writing material, the “Pergamene” (later evolved into the word parchment) was born.
		The altar, carried to Germany by engineer and archaeologist Carl Humann between 1878-1890, is on display at the Museum of Pergamon in Berlin.
		In early Christianity, Pergamon became one of the Seven Churches of Asia mentioned in the Book of Revelation by John who referred to the city, a cult center for emperor worship, as "the place where Satan has his throne".
	www.guide-martine.com /aegean.asp (2484 words)

	altar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Much of the sculptural decoration has been recovered by excavation, and the entire west front of the altar is to be seen in East Berlin.
		The altar proper occupies the center of a rectangular court surrounded by an Ionic colonnade which rises on a tall base about 100 feet square; a monumental flight of stairs leads to the court on the west side.
		Altar structures of such great size seem to have been an Ionian tradition since Archaic times, but the Pergamum altar is the most elaborate of all, as well as the only one of which considerable portions have survived.
	www.ea.pvt.k12.pa.us /htm/Units/Upper/arts/a/history/peragmon/atelephos.htm (127 words)

	Pergamon Altar Publication ASMOSIA VI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Great Altar of Pergamon and its Telephos Frieze, erected from around 180 to 160 BC by king Eumenes II in ancient Pergamon (located near the city of Bergama in Turkey), are amongst the most remarkable marble masterpieces from the ancient world.
		The Zeus altar of Pergamon - or simply the Pergamon altar - (Figure 1) is one of the marble masterpieces of antiquity whose building stones were of unknown origin until now.
		With Elaia, Pergamon had a harbour on the Aegean coast that was only 20 km away, and marble was accessible on many of the Aegean islands.
	www.lagerstaetten.tu-berlin.de /staff/cramer/antikmarmor/eigene_publikationen/asmosia_publication.html (3832 words)

	Untitled Document
		Considered a hero shrine, the altar was erected in honor of Zeus in Pergamon.
		The altar itself is 31.2m by 29m, the massive gigantomachy frieze is 136m long and 2.3m high.1 When viewing the west side of the monument, the symmetry of the work is obvious.
		The altar was built in Pergamon, the capital city of Asia Minor in the 2nd century B. The commanding figure of the Hellenistic period was arguable one of the greatest generals of all time, Alexander the Great.
	www.csuchico.edu /art/contrapposto/contrapposto00/pages/themeperspective/sabedra.html (1727 words)

	Don Webb's Letters to the Fringe: Letter 104
		The Hellenistic kings of Pergamon decided to make their city -- once a dependent Greek colony -- into the base of an empire with Pergamon as a "new Athens." The Temple to Athena, which stood alongside the Great Altar, was the home of the great library.
		The rulers of Pergamon were known for their artistic self enhancement, and in addition to creating the art that became the ruling paradigm of the High Hellenistic age, they deliberately set about becoming the new cultural and scientific center of the Greek world.
		As Phillip von Zabern writes in The Pergamon Altar, Pergamon sought to be "the successor and legitimate heir of the fifth and fourth century Greek culture.
	cyberpsychos.netonecom.net /death-equinox/de97/lf104.html (1361 words)

	Tracking the ruins - theage.com.au
		There is no sign of this sacrificial altar, or even the temple within which it stood, despite there being ample other evidence around me of a once-great city that thrived back in the days of Alexander the Great.
		In fact, a leaflet produced by the museum describing the Pergamon Altar expresses the view that "were it not for the excavations undertaken in the last quarter of the 19th century, Pergamon would have remained in a ruinous condition, and a clear picture of this late Greek metropolis would never have emerged".
		And certainly the relocation of the Altar of Zeus (it may even be the Altar of Athena) was done with the approval of the Turkish authorities of the time.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2003/07/25/1059084205737.html (1106 words)

	Pergamon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Pergamon was the capital of Alexander's general's, Philetairos, empire.
		Pergamon was also the site of the Pergamon Altar.
		The Altar was erected in approximately 180 B.C.E. as a memorial to the victories of Attalos I. It was dedicated to Zeus and Athena.
	oncampus.richmond.edu /classics/students/Cheatham/Pergamon.html (208 words)

	Walks through Berlin / Senate Department of Urban Development Berlin / Museum Tour - Eastern Part
		The Pergamon Museum was the last building to be completed on the Museum Island in 1930 after a construction period of 20 years.
		The exhibition hall containing the massive Pergamon Altar is situated in the middle section of the museum.
		The architectural competition for the restructuring of the Pergamon Museum was won by O.M. Ungers in the year 2000.
	www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de /bauen/wanderungen/en/s62_pergamon.shtml (319 words)

	Great Altar of Pergamon subject of President's Choice Lecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		About 40 years ago, 7,000 fragments of a marble copy of the famous bronze masterpiece were found at Sperlonga, and the emerging composition is considered a forerunner of the art of Phyromachos, the leading artist of the Great Altar of Pergamon.
		As each piece is recovered, it becomes easier to understand the meaning of the Great Altar as a victory monument, to appreciate the historic importance of this work of art, and to date the Great Altar.
		He was personally involved in excavations at Rome, Sperlonga, Pergamon, Ephesos and at Baia in the Gulf of Naples, where he discovered the Palace of Emperor Claudius.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/96/960116pergamon.html (355 words)

	[No title]
		The altar at Pergamon was constructed during the reign of Eumenes II, around 197-159 BC (Stokstad, 212).
		The altar of Pergamon, however, depicts a battle between the Gods and the Giants.
		It's similarities to the altar of Pergamon lie in physical appearances and in deeper meanings.
	orpheus.ucsd.edu /va11/amy/amy~1.html (828 words)

	Pergamon Museum
		A few loose bricks from the Altar of Zeus foundation are all that remain in Pergamon.
		The Altar of Zeus is estimated to be more than 2,000 years old.
		The Pergamon Museum's Babylon display is estimated to be 2,500 years old, from the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II.
	www.geocities.com /intrepidberkeleyexplorer/Page23B.html (199 words)

	Eikon: Object Detail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Altar of Zeus consists of a major monument of the acropolis ofPergamon, the capital of the Attalid kingdom (283?133 BCE) and later amajor city in the Roman province of Asia.
		The altar and its frieze were built as part of a program by Eumenes II (197?153) to beautify the acropolis.
		The frieze was taken from the site and reassembled in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin in the 1930's, where it remains to this day.
	research.yale.edu:8084 /divdl/eikon/objectdetail.jsp?objectid=3912 (234 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.6.2
		It begins with a series of largely documentary essays, including an Introduction (largely a thumbnail history of Pergamon and its culture, by Dreyfus), "Excavation and Assembly of the Frieze" (by Ursula Kaestner), and "History of the Display of the Telephos Frieze in the Twentieth Century" (by Wolf-Dieter Heilmeyer).
		The historical studies are of interest to specialist and lay museum-goer alike, since the history of the monument and how it came to modern and western consciousness is very much a part of how we view it today.
		As Heilmeyer's essay makes clear (and as I myself experienced on a study session at the Pergamon Museum in 1981), few were allowed to enter the room where the Telephos Frieze was displayed, and for many scholars of Hellenistic sculpture, it is a monument known largely through photographs.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1997/97.06.02.html (911 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2005.08.39
		He discards, however, all suggestions of ornaments on the cornice of the inner altar (the sacrificial table), interpreting signs of clamps and dowels as attachments for revetments meant to protect the marble against fire or weathering.
		The Altar terrace itself was established, at the latest, in 149/8, according to the inscribed dedications.
		Although the king himself is not depicted, the visual axis of the Altar is aligned with the tumulus of Jigma Tepe, implying that the latter holds the tomb of Eumenes II.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2005/2005-08-39.html (2881 words)

	VirtualTourist.com - Berlin Tips - Pictures, Tips and Reviews
		This is the Pergamon Altar in Hall 1 in Pergamon Museum.
		Pergamon Museum is supposed to be a quite place with the sounds of people walking should be apt.
		The statue on the left is situated on the outside of the Pergamon Museum.
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Europe/Germany/Land_Berlin/Berlin-75302/General_Tips-Berlin-R-19.html (742 words)

	DenverPost.com - TRAVEL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Today, the colossal Pergamon Altar (180-160 B.C.), dedicated to Zeus and Athena, is considered to be one of the most magnificent marble masterpieces of the ancient Hellenistic world.
		It was considered such a prize that a structure was expressly designed and built in 1930 in the middle of Berlin to house the altar along with some of the most spectacular ancient artifacts to be found in any museum anywhere in the world.
		The Pergamon Museum, named after its stellar attraction, is just one of four museums located on the northern half of an island in the River Spree in a complex known as Museumsinsel (Museum Island).
	www.denverpost.com /travel/ci_0002572460 (782 words)

	University of Texas Press: Pergamon
		Pergamon was an ancient royal capital in what is now Turkey.
		It presents the latest research in English on the frieze, with detailed discussions of the art, architecture, and coinage of Pergamon, the dating and significance of the frieze, and its restoration history.
		Also included are over two hundred detailed fl-and-white drawings and photographs, a foldout topographical plan of the site, a scale model of the Pergamon Altar, and a stunning foldout drawing of the Telephos frieze itself.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/books/drepep.html (268 words)

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