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Topic: Periodic limb movement disorder

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Sleep disorder

Rapid eye movement behavior disorder

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Restless legs syndrome

Insomnia

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	Nocturnal myoclonus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD), also called nocturnal myoclonus, is a sleep disorder where the patient moves involuntarily during sleep.
		PLMD is a cause of insomnia and daytime sleepiness.
		This disorder has made its way into popular culture, being referred to as "jimmy legs" and "jimmy arms" in an episode of Seinfeld, and has been known to cause couples to sleep in separate beds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Periodic_limb_movement_disorder (295 words)

	Periodic limb movement disorder - Health Topics - Medical Encyclopedia - MSN Health & Fitness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is a condition in which a person's arms or legs move repetitively and uncontrollably while he or she is asleep.
		Periodic limb movement symptoms are only considered a disorder (PLMD) when insomnia or daytime sleepiness cannot be explained by any other problem, such as restless legs syndrome.
		PLMD is diagnosed with a medical history, often including a sleep history from a bed partner, and a physical exam.
	health.msn.com /encyclopedia/healthtopics/articlepage.aspx?cp-documentid=100079134 (388 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL OF GERIATRICS, Ch. 47, Sleep Disorders
		Periodic limb movement disorder should be considered in elderly patients with excessive daytime sleepiness.
		Periodic limb movement disorder is characterized by repetitive stereotypical movements, mainly of the legs, that occur during sleep and by unexplained sleep dysfunction.
		Periodic limb movements of sleep often manifest as unilateral or bilateral flexion of the big toe, rapid flexion of the ankle, and partial flexion of the knee and hip.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmg/sec6/ch47/ch47e.jsp (977 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		The movements of RLS occur most often when a person is awake and are a voluntary response to uncomfortable or painful feelings in the limbs.
		When the leg movements occur five or more times during each hour of sleep, they are serious enough to be considered the medical disorder known as periodic limb movement disorder.
		Periodic limb movements are not the same as hypnic jerks (night muscle spasms), which are the occasional jerks of the body that usually occur just as a person is falling asleep.
	www.srhc.com /services/sleepdisorders/plmd.htm (595 words)

	An Introduction To Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)
		A sleep disorder is a physical and psychological condition or disturbance of sleep and wakefulness caused by abnormalities that occur during sleep or by abnormalities of specific sleep mechanisms.
		Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD), formerly known as nocturnal myoclonus, is a condition in which a person's legs or arms twitch or move involuntarily and periodically during sleep.
		PLMD is not the same as night muscle spasms, or hypnic jerks, that occasionally occur when a person is falling asleep.
	www.talkaboutsleep.com /sleep-disorders/archives/rls_pmd_plmdintro1.htm (725 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The movements of PLMD occur most often when a person is asleep and are involuntary (that is, not consciously controlled).
		People with periodic limb movements are often not even aware of these movements, although on rare occasions they may notice the involuntary movements of PLMD while they are still awake.
		Periodic limb movements usually occur in the legs but occasionally may also affect their arms.
	www.heartland-health.com /body.cfm?id=1465 (183 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is a condition that was formerly called sleep myoclonus or nocturnal myoclonus.
		It is characterized by repetitive, stereotyped limb movements that occur during sleep and cause sleep disruption.
		The limb movements usually involve the lower extremities, consisting of extension of the big toe and flexion of the ankle, the knee, and the hip.
	www.clevelandclinic.org /health/health-info/docs/3900/3933.asp?index=12562 (462 words)

	KIDZZZSLEEP - Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		The cause of periodic limb movement disorder is unknown.
		A child or adolescent with periodic limb movement disorder may be described as a restless sleeper due to the leg movements and the frequent arousals.
		Children and adolescents with periodic limb movement disorder may have daytime behavior and academic problems, such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and irritability, which is the result of the sleep disruption.
	www.kidzzzsleep.org /handouts/limbmovement.htm (481 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is characterized by repetitive limb movements that occur during sleep.
		Periodic limb movement symptoms are only considered a disorder (PLMD) when insomnia or daytime sleepiness cannot be explained by any other problem, such as restless legs syndrome (RLS).
		PLMD is diagnosed with a medical history, often including a sleep history from a bed partner, and physical examination.
	www.bchealthguide.org /kbase/topic/special/ue5312spec/sec1.htm (286 words)

	plmd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Although RLS and PLMD both affect the limbs - and both affect a person’s ability to sleep at night and function normally during the day - they are two different disorders.
		The movements of RLS occur most often when a person is awake and are a voluntary response to uncomfortable or painful feelings in the legs.The movements of PLMD occur most often when a person is asleep and are involuntary (not consciously controlled).
		People with periodic limb movements are often not aware of these movements, although on rare occasions they may notice the involuntary movement of PLMD while they are still awake.
	www.sleepscene.com /plmd.htm (450 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		While the movements of Restless Leg Syndrome are a voluntary response to uncomfortable feelings in the limbs while awake, the movements of Periodic Limb Movement Disorder occur most often when a person is asleep and are involuntary.
		Periodic limb movements may also awaken your bed partner as a result of their being kicked, or the bed covers being twisted or knocked off the bed.
		Though the cause of Periodic Limb Movement Disorder is not known, there are some links to heredity and to medical causes such as iron deficiency anemia, poor blood circulation in the legs, nerve problems, muscle disorders, kidney disorders, alcoholism, and vitamin or mineral deficiencies.
	www.evergreenhealthcare.org /neurosciences/sleepdisorderscenter/disorders/periodic_limb_movement_disorder.htm (297 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is repetitive cramping or jerking of the legs during sleep.
		PLMD is also considered a sleep disorder, because the movements often disrupt sleep and lead to daytime sleepiness.
		PLMD movements are not myoclonus, however, and the original name is not used today.
	www.emedicinehealth.com /periodic_limb_movement_disorder/article_em.htm (287 words)

	Parasomnias from Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery / Psychiatry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Primary sleep disorder is a malady of sleep that does not appear to be secondary to a physical or mental illness and is not substance-induced.
		Sleepwalking disorder: The criterion-based disorder is estimated to occur in 5% of children, but episodes of the disorder have been documented in as many as 30% of clinical samples of children and 7% of clinical samples of adults.
		PLMD has been reported to be responsible for insomnia in 17% of patients and hypersomnia in 11% of patients evaluated at sleep disorder clinics.
	users3.ev1.net /~drtony/parasoms.htm (6733 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD) is a medical condition where a person’s limbs move involuntarily during sleep in repetitive and highly stereotyped ways.
		PLMD movements are often unnoticed as they occur while the person is sleeping.
		The movements, which commonly occur in the legs and often the arms, are fairly regular at 30-second intervals.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/sleep_apnea/110864 (482 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		PLMD involves slight movements of the legs that may be noticed by a bed partner.
		Although this disorder seems relatively benign, each time the leg moves, a partial awakening occurs that is not typically recognized by the victim.
		In some individuals, the leg movements will bring the individual to a complete awakening during sleep; although, once awakened, the victim will not be able to identify the leg movement as the actual cause.
	www.allergyandsleep.com /PLMD.htm (291 words)

	Nocturnal Myoclonus \| Periodic Limb Movement Disorder \| Rapid Leg Movement Syndrome
		Nocturnal myoclonus, or Rapid Leg Movement Syndrome or Periodic limb movement disorder, is common to late middle-aged and elderly patients.
		This condition is characterized by periodic episodes of recurring and highly stereotyped limb movements that occur during sleep.
		The movements are often linked with a partial arousal or awakening; however, the patient is usually unaware of the limb movements or the frequent sleep disturbance.
	www.sleepdisordersguide.com /topics/nocturnal-myoclonus.html (600 words)

	Restless leg syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder
		While RLS movements are a voluntary response to unpleasant sensations in the limbs whilst awake, the movements of PLMD are involuntary and felt most when the sufferer is asleep.
		PLMD sufferers are generally unaware of their limb movements or the resultant "microarousals" (very brief awakenings) that lead to excessive daytime sleepiness the morning after.
		As sufferers of PLMD are unaware of their limb movements whilst asleep, it is necessary to have a sleep study.
	health.ninemsn.com.au /article.aspx?id=53864 (1015 words)

	CHEST: Periodic Limb Movement Disorder Linked to Hypertension and Diabetes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Patients with periodic limb movements were more likely to have a history of smoking than controls (p<0.0001), but they had similar rates of caffeine and alcohol intake.
		"Periodic limb movement disorder was found to be a significant risk factor for both hypertension and diabetes mellitus," wrote the authors in their poster.
		According to the investigators, patients with periodic limb movements should be evaluated for hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease and renal disease.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/22274E.htm (469 words)

	SleepCare Center at RWJ Hamilton
		Periodic Limb Movement disorder (PLMD) refers to involuntary movements of the legs and arm during sleep.
		PLMD are observed mostly in people over 50 years of age and are rare in people younger than 30.
		PLMD are more common in people who have kidney disease or narcolepsy.
	www.rwjhamilton.org /medserv/sleep/periodicLimb.asp (179 words)

	Restless Legs Syndrome Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		PLMD is characterized by involuntary leg twitching or jerking movements during sleep that typically occur every 10 to 60 seconds, sometimes throughout the night.
		The disorder is diagnosed clinically by evaluating the patient's history and symptoms.
		Research on pallidotomy, a surgical procedure in which a portion of the brain called the globus pallidus is lesioned, may contribute to a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of RLS and may lead to a possible treatment.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/restless_legs/detail_restless_legs.htm (2532 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder & Restless Leg Syndrome - podiatrychannel
		Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are distinct disorders, but often occur simultaneously.
		Periodic limb movement was formally described first in the 1950s, and, by the 1970s, it was listed as a potential cause of insomnia.
		Movements typically occur for 0.5 to 10 seconds, in intervals separated by five to 90 seconds.
	www.podiatrychannel.com /rls (483 words)

	Restless Legs Syndrome/Periodic Limb Movement Disorder : National Sleep Disorders Research Plan, 2003, NCSDR, NHLBI, NIH
		Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by periodic irresistible urges to move the legs, usually associated with unpleasant and uncomfortable sensations in the legs.
		Abnormal limb movements during sleep have been associated with physiological correlates of arousal in autonomic or cortical functioning suggesting that PLMs are part of an underlying arousal disorder.
		It is possible that abnormal limb movements during sleep may be associated with an unidentified neurophysiological alteration in micro-structure of the EEG sleep pattern.
	www.nhlbi.nih.gov /health/prof/sleep/res_plan/section5/section5d.html (991 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)
		According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD) is a sleep disorder characterized by rhythmic movements of the limbs during sleep.
		Movements occur a periodic fashion throughout the night and can fluctuate in severity from one night to the next.
		Movement of the legs is more typical than movement of the arms in cases of PLMD.
	www.clevelandclinic.org /health/health-info/docs/3700/3737.asp?index=12142 (430 words)

	sleep disorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		A '''sleep disorder''' is a disorder in the sleep patterns of a person or animal.
		Some sleep disorders can interfere with mental and emotional function, due to their interference with REM sleep.
		Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD): Involuntary movement of arms and/or legs during sleep
	encyclopedia.mysleepcenter.com /sleep_disorder.htm (355 words)

	Periodic Limb Movement Disorder & Restless Legs Syndrome - Symptoms - SleepChannel
		Limb movements can be severe enough to wake an individual from sleep, making it difficult to stay asleep for a significant duration and leading to excessive daytime sleepiness.
		As mentioned earlier, leg movements in PLMD are typically an upwardly flexed big toe and ankle.
		Because periodic limb movements have been observed in patients with healthy sleep patterns, the claim that they predicate a higher incidence of sleep disorder is controversial.
	www.sleepdisorderchannel.com /rls/symptoms.shtml (342 words)

	eMedicine - Periodic Limb Movement Disorder : Article Excerpt by: Wayne E Anderson, DO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The condition is remarkably periodic, and the movements may cause poor sleep and subsequent daytime somnolence.
		PLM disorder may occur with other sleep disorders and is related to, but not synonymous with, restless leg syndrome (RLS), a less specific condition with sensory features that manifest during wakefulness.
		The secondary forms of PLM disorder may be due to diabetes mellitus, spinal cord tumor, sleep apnea syndrome, narcolepsy, uremia, or anemia.
	www.emedicine.com /neuro/byname/periodic-limb-movement-disorder.htm (432 words)

	Iron Status and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Periodic Limb Movements are repetitive and highly stereotypic limb movements that occur during sleep.
		Eight (20.5%) had iron-deficiency anemia, with the highest number of periodic limb movements per hour being associated with the lowest levels of total serum iron and ferritin.
		Of the 19 felt to be hyperactive, 17 carried a previous diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and of these 17, 6 (35.3%) had sleep onset problems and 9 (53%) had sleep maintenance problems, indicating PLMS should always be considered in children with attention or hyperactivity problems.
	www.sleepandhealth.com /Newspaper/2003/November/03.htm (519 words)

	PA-05-032: Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
		Periodic limb movement disorder is characterized by periodic episodes of repetitive and highly stereotyped limb movements that occur during sleep.
		Periodic limb movement disorder is also referred to as periodic leg movements (PLMs), nocturnal myoclonus, periodic movements in sleep (PMS), and leg jerks.
		In a study of patients with insomnia, periodic limb movement disorder or RLS was diagnosed in 33% of patients older than 60 years as compared to 18% of those 40 to 60 years and 7% of those 20 to 40 years of age.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/pa-files/PA-05-032.html (5197 words)

	Sleep, periodic limb movement in sleep, periodic limb movements, periodic limb movement disorder, PLMS, sleep disorders
		Periodic limb movements in sleep (also known as periodic limb movements, PLM, periodic limb movement disorder) are repetitive movements, typically in the lower limbs, that occur about every 20-40 seconds.
		Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are not the same as the occasional body jerks, called hypnic jerks, that some people experience at the onset of sleep.
		Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are treated with Rhus tox.
	www.holistic-online.com /Remedies/Sleep/sleep_PLMS.htm (381 words)

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