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Topic: Peruvian Pelican

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In the News (Wed 2 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

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Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

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Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Pelican
		Modern pelicans are found on all continents except Antarctica: they are birds of inland and coastal waters and are absent from polar regions, the deep ocean, oceanic islands, and inland South America.
		In medieval Europe, the pelican was thought to be particularly attentive to her young, to the point of providing her own blood when no other food was available.
		As a result the pelican became a symbol in bestiaries for self-sacrifice, and was used as a symbol in heraldry ("a pelican in her piety").
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pe/Pelicans.html (354 words)

	Pelican - MSN Encarta
		Pelican, common name for the species of a genus of large birds having a long, large, flattened bill, the upper mandible terminated by a strong hook that curves over the tip of the lower one.
		The brown pelican and the larger Peruvian pelican, often considered a subspecies of the brown pelican, plunge-dive from the air into the water for their prey.
		The brown pelican is classified as Pelecanus occidentalis, the Peruvian pelican as Pelecanus occidentalis thagus, the American white pelican as Pelecanus erythorhynchos, and the Australian pelican as Pelecanus conspicillatus.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761556716 (365 words)

	Pelican (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As a result, the pelican became a symbol of the Passion of Jesus and of the Eucharist.
		It also became a symbol in bestiaries for self-sacrifice, and was used in heraldry ("a pelican in her piety" or "a pelican vulning (wounding) herself").
		Alternatively it may be that pelicans look as if they are doing that as they often press their bill into their chest to fully empty their pouch.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Pelican.htm (505 words)

	Pelicano (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Peruvian Pelican is an endemic bird of the Peruvian current whose distribution is restricted to the west coast of South America from Lobos de Tierra Island (6°S) in Peru to Pupuya Islet (33.5°S) in Chile (Harrison 1988).
		Peruvian Pelicans main breeding season occurs during the austral spring-summer period (September to March).
		Peruvian Pelicans feed on several fish species, showing a strong preference for Peruvian Anchovies Engraulis ringens, the most abundant pelagic fish in the Peruvian Upwelling System.
	www.imarpe.gob.pe /aves/Pelicano.html (173 words)

	[No title]
		Pelicans may occur at any urban areas along the coast throughout their range where there is food nearby and they are not continuously harassed.
		Pelicans sometimes scavenge, eating almost any kind of animal matter including the bodies of birds and flesh of porpoises discarded during preparation of museum specimens near the Galapagos Is. (120), and fish carcasses resulting from severe winter storms in Oregon (56).
		Pelicans tend to form many separate subgroups of nests rather than nesting uniformly in a colony (06,82); breeding stage of the cores of subgroups in colonies tends to be similar (06,82,111).
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101047.htm (10808 words)

	Peruvian Pelicans Pelecanus thagus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Peruvian pelicans are the largest seabird breeding in Peru.
		However, Peruvian Pelicans have been assigned to a different species because of their well-defined allopatry and because they are much larger and heavier than their relatives.
		Like Guanay Cormorants and Peruvians boobies, Peruvian Pelicans are considered as guano producer seabird because of their large populations and their nesting habits.
	people.uncw.edu /emslies/gradstudents/WebpageCarlos/Pelicans.htm (333 words)

	Pelican page
		The pelicans are indeed famous for their beaks, which they fill with huge gulps of water, strain out the liquid, and eat the remaining fish or squid.
		Pelicans are a very distinct group (all 8 species belong to a single genus), and there remains debate about which other birds are their closest relatives.
		The Brown Pelican was heavily impacted by DDT in the 1950s and '60s, and breeding populations plummeted.
	www.montereybay.com /creagrus/pelicans.html (497 words)

	What is a Pelican?
		I note that a majority of the Directors are Pelicans as this is being written.
		The brown and Peruvian pelicans are the only dark-coloured species; their bodies are dark brown and their heads paler.
		The brown pelican is classified as Pelecanus occidentalis, the Peruvian pelican as Pelecanus occidentalis thagus, the American white pelican as Pelecanus erythorhynchos,and the Australian pelican as Pelecanus conspicillatus.
	www.nucleus.com /~keith/pelican.html (1275 words)

	Pelican (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A pelican is any of several very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak belonging to the bird family Pelecanidae.
		Along with the darters, cormorants, gannets, boobiess, frigatebirds, and tropicbirds, they make up the order Pelecaniformes.
		Like other birds in that group, pelicans have all four toes webbed (they aretotipalmate).
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/p/pe/pelican.html (369 words)

	General Information
		Bird and marine life is abundant along Peru's desert coast, with colonies of sea lion, the Humboldt penguin, Chilean flamingo, Peruvian pelican, Inca tern and the brown booby endemic to the region.
		Peruvians of European descent make up about 15 percent of the population; there are also smaller numbers of persons of African, Japanese and Chinese descent.
		Peruvian music is almost entirely folk music, while its literature encompasses everything from independence-inspired polemic to the anarchic individualism of its many poets and the boyhood reveries of the internationally renowned author Mario Vargas Llosa.
	www.pitt.edu /~ethics/Peru/general_information.htm (3443 words)

	Pelican Pleasure - Bird Dining in Surf City, Huntington Beach California
		The pelican was seen feeding at Lake Huntington in Central Park.
		Pelicans are huge birds ranging in size to almost 6 ft. in length with wing spans up to 11 ft. Pelican legs are short, their necks long, and their feet have all four toes webbed to aid in swimming.
		The pelican uses its pouch on the bottom bill, as a fisherman uses a net, to scoop in the fish.
	www.stockteam.com /hbpix12.html (392 words)

	Seabird Osteology Skulls Pelicans Pelecanidae
		Pelicans are unmistakable with their long bills with a hooked tip.
		The two species of diving pelicans are exclusively American and were considered to be one single species with several subspecies until recently.
		The upper mandible of the brown pelicans is different from those of the White Pelicans by being very slender instead of spatule.
	www.shearwater.nl /seabird-osteology/pelicans_pelecanidae.htm (262 words)

	Pelicans - Worldwide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Great White Pelican is the largest at a length of 70 inches and a wingspan of up to 125 inches.
		The Australian Pelican is the world’s longest beaked bird.
		With the exception of Brown and Peruvian Pelicans, Pelicans catch fish by putting their head under water and scooping the fish.
	www.pelicanman.org /html/FAQs_Worldwide.htm (127 words)

	Visiting Peru - Destination Guide - Paracas
		The San Gallán and the La Vieja Islands, also included in the area of the Preserve, are the only breeding areas acknowledged in Peru for the Peruvian Diving-Petrel (Pelecanoides garnotii), a bird endemic to the Humboldt Current domains, and for the Humboldt Penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), both of which are regarded as endangered species.
		The first findings of the Paracas Culture were made by the Peruvian archaeologist Julio C. Tello in 1927, who noticed the existence of two distinct types of remains which apparently presented two different degrees of development.
		The funerary bales that were found during the excavation works contained in their interior mummies which, thanks to the dry climate of this region, show a regular state of preservation and helped the archaeologists in the task of better understanding this Peruvian Culture.
	www.peruvianembassy.us /visiting-peru-destination-guide-paracas.php (1371 words)

	[No title]
		Peruvian Pelicans (Pelecanus thagus) are close cousins of the Brown Pelican.
		These pelicans can be found in salt water bays, beaches, and shallow estuaries.
		Peruvian Pelicans are especially hard hit during El Nino-related periods.
	www.geocities.com /mysoreamateurnaturalists/peruvianpelican.html (201 words)

	Giant Hummingbird Patagona gigas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Peruvian Pelican is distributed along the coasts of Peru and Chile except in the far south.
		Many authorities classify the Peruvian Pelican as a sub-species of Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis, but others such as Ridgely and Greenfield and Jaramillo give it species status on the basis of its larger size, slightly different colouration and more pelagic habits.
		Two of the distinguishing features of the Peruvian Pelican compared to the Brown is its whiter panel on the upper wing and its more vivid bill colouring during breeding as can be seen in photo 2.
	www.arthurgrosset.com /sabirds/peruvianpelican.html (168 words)

	Peru Guia de Parques Reserva Nacional Paracas
		The San Gallán and La Vieja islands are located in the reserve, are the only locations of reproduction, and are known in Perú for the Peruvian diving petrel (Pelecanoides garnotii), an endemic bird of the Humbolt current.
		The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), is a mammal which is solely aquatic and is relatively easy to observe from certain beaches eating or swimming between the waves.
		On land, the greatest representation of the mammals is the Peruvian desert fox (Pseudalopex sechurae) which occasionally can be seen walking through the desert and close to the beaches.
	peru.gotolatin.com /eng/Guide/PeruNationalParks/Paracas/Paracas-1.asp (742 words)

	The Peru Guide
		The Humboldt Current that kisses the Peruvian shores is a cold ocean undercurrent that flows northward off the west coast of South America.
		A burst of greenery amidst the barren Peruvian coastal desert, the Lomas de Lachay - or Lachay foothills - are a unique natural life zone created by the condensed winter haze that shrouds the western Andean mountain slopes.
		On specific spots along the coast, the humidity carried to the mountains by the trade winds is deposited on the desert sand as drops of water that nurture a wide range of seasonal plants and associated animal wildlife.
	www.theperuguide.com /birdwatching/birdwatching_peru_coast.html (567 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Peruvian Pelican (Pelecanus thagus) is a member of the pelican family.
		It lives on the west coast of South America, from Lobos de Tierra Island in Peru to Pupuya Islet in Chile.
		This bird feeds on several fish species, showing a strong preference for Peruvian Anchovies.
	www.goupstate.com.cob-web.org:8888 /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Peruvian_Pelican (148 words)

	Pelican Species of the World: Australian Pelican with the Longest Beak of any Bird in the World
		Scientifically in the Class of Aves, Pelicans are a very distinct group of birds with all 8 species belonging to a single genus.
		Great White Pelican is the longest of the Pelican subspecies reaching 70 inches in length with a spectacular wingspan reaching over 120 inches.
		In the United States the Brown Pelican along with the American White Pelican is protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918.
	www.tigerhomes.org /animal/pelican-species.cfm (326 words)

	Bird Peru Birding Tours South America - Paracas and Ayacucho
		Maybe not the most exciting Peruvian endemic in terms of beauty, but a bird which has not been seen for a long long time.
		Humboldt Penguin, Red-legged Cormorant, Inca Tern, Peruvian Seaside Cinclodes, Blackish Oystercatcher, Guanay Cormorant and Peruvian Pelican are all readily seen at Pucusana.
		Further on, Taczanowski´s Tinamou is frequently seen in the roadside scrub and recently during one of our reccies to the area we found the peruvian endemics Bearded Mountaineer and Chestnut-breasted Mountain-Finch.
	www.kolibriexpeditions.com /birdingperukolibri/perutours/peru_tours.asp?idtourk=33 (818 words)

	The Best Pelagic Birding in the World - Coastal Chile, Peru and the Humbolt Current
		The Humbolt Current (alson known as the Peruvian Current) is an arm of the West Wind Drift that flows up the western coast of South America, bringing cold Antarctic water to the surface along the coast of Chile and Peru.
		This is one of the largest upwelling zones in the world and supports an immense fish population that in turn attracts great numbers of seabirds and marine mammals.
		An exciting host of species are endemic to the Humbolt Current: Humbolt Penguin, Markham's Storm-petrel, Hornby's Storm-petrel, Peruvian Diving-Petrel, Peruvian Pelican, Peruvian Booby, Guanay Cormorant, Red-legged Cormorant, Grey Gull, Band-tailed Gull and the stunning Inca Tern.
	www.oceanwanderers.com /Chile.html (648 words)

	BIRDCHAT archives -- March 2000, week 2 (#66)
		First port of call was Rafan, where Peruvian Plantcutters were again much in evidence, and where we soon found a pair of the endemic Rufous Flycatcher, undoubtedly the most attractive and distinctive member of the Myiarchus group.
		Inshore, the occasional Peruvian Tern fished, whilst a couple of Red-legged Cormorants flew across the bay.
		We still had time to pass via the Ventanilla marshes some 20kms north of Lima, where six Peruvian Thick-knees standing in a field were much appreciated, and Lesser Yellowlegs and Black Skimmer were found in the few remaining areas of water.
	listserv.arizona.edu /cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0003b&L=birdchat&F=&S=&P=7365 (2190 words)

	IBRRC: Penguin network
		BY November 15, 2005 animals in care at the University of Antofagasta Wildlife Center included 20 Peruvian pelicans (Pelecanus thagus), one Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) and two Franklin's gulls (Larus pipixcan).
		Every day pelicans gathered at the local fish market as fishermen come in to clean their catch.
		Between 8 AM and 10 AM, while the pelicans are in close proximity, the response team looked for oiled pelicans to rescue.
	www.ibrrc.org /chile_response05.html (431 words)

	South Coast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Peruvian Thick-knees can be found at the right place, while in the marshes themselves are Many-coloured Rush-Tyrant, Wren-like Rushbird, Least Bittern and Great Grebe.
		Peruvian Meadowlark, Chestnut-throated Seedeater, Grassland Yellow-Finch and Yellowish Pipit can be found in the nearby fields.
		There is a different set of birds to be found watching the sea from the beach near the marshes, including Peruvian and occasionally Blue-footed Boobies, Peruvian Pelican, Inca Tern and Grey and Band-tailed Gulls.
	www.birdingperu.org /southcoast.htm (525 words)

	All About Pelicans
		Pelicans are large aquatic fish eating birds feeding on fish from seas,
		larger Peruvian pelican plunge-dive from the air into the water for their
		Pelicans weigh up to 33 lb and have a wing span up to 10 ft.
	petcaretips.net /pelican.html (144 words)

	Tropical Nature Travel \| Day Trips \| Peru
		The museum also has the largest collection of Peruvian erotic ceramics in the world, dating back to 500 BC—making them the oldest known erotic representations.
		Located 20 miles south of Lima in the Lurin Valley, this pre-Columbia ruined city was in operation from approximately 200 BC until Pizarro's conquest in 1532.
		This Reserve Zone on the coast was established to protect native Peruvian flora and fauna.
	tropicalnaturetravel.com /travel/peru/daytrips_peru.shtml (771 words)

	Birding in Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		- That during Peru's golden age of guano, around 1840 to 1880, it has been estimated that the Peruvians excavated over 20,000,000 tons (sometimes up to 80 meter) of guano for export, creating around $2 billion in profits and making it at the time the main economic income for the country.
		- That the main producers of Guano are the Peruvian Pelican, Guanay Cormoran and the Peruvian Booby.
		(The Peruvian desert is contiguous to the Atacama dessert in Chile)
	www.granperu.com /didyouknow.htm (1033 words)

	Pelican Sounds
		There are 5 audio clip matches for 'Pelican'.
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		Because of its large beak and pouch, the pelican has a particular place in the public imagination: as one poet wrote, "A wonderful bird is the pelican; his beak can hold more than his belly can...".
	www.junglewalk.com /sound/pelican-sounds.htm (318 words)

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