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Topic: Peten

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	peten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Peten or El Petén is a department of the nation of Guatemala.
		The population in 2000 was estimated at 350,000.
		The population is estimated to have dropped by 2/3 between the mid 9th century and the mid 10th century.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Peten.html (538 words)

	Peten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first Europeans to visit the region, an expedition lead by Hernan Cortes which passed through in 1524 - 1525, reported that the region mostly had small towns separated by thick forest, with Tayasal[?] being the only sizable inhabited city they observed in the region.
		After Cortes' expedition, the Spanish largely left the Peten alone for generations until an expedition from Yucatan succeeded in conquering the last independent Maya state there in the late 17th century (see: Spanish Conquest of Yucatan).
		When Guatemalan President Rafael Carrera[?] sent a small force to Flores to claim the region for Guatemala in the 1840s, the governments of Mexico and Yucatan decided the region was not worth the trouble of contesting.
	www.termsdefined.net /pe/peten.html (776 words)

	Ecology in the Peten region of Guatemala where Tikal and other Mayan Ruins await you.
		The result of this inadvertent protection is that the Peten's forests, together with adjacent areas of Belize and southern Mexico, comprise the largest unbroken tract of tropical forest north of the Brazilian Amazon.
		As to specifics of travelling in Guatemela and, in particular, in the Peten, the people are friendly, transportation, most of it by minibus, boat, or airplane, is OK, accommodations are usually OK, and the prices are often a good bit lower than those found across the border in Belize.
		In general, the conservation and ecotourism situation in the Peten today is this: the region recently emerged from three decades of civil war; it's still a poor area but it has a rich environment with large economic and tourism potential; and the area has both spectacular cultural and ecological attractions.
	www.adventure-life.com /guatemala/guatemala_ecology.php (1616 words)

	Peten, Guide All
		Peten is the biggest province of Guatemala and has many of the cultural as well as the natural attractions of the country.
		In Peten, some areas are plain, but the major part is a series of low raised hills of karstic formation covered with vegetation.
		The lake contains several islands and in one of the is the City of Flores, former capital of Peten.
	www.guideall.com /geogua6.htm (516 words)

	Peten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A large part of the population of the state Peten lives in one of the small villages on the shores of Lago Peten-Itza.
		Santa Elena has a small airport and is the commercial centre of Peten.
		Flores, the capital of Peten is situated on a small island in Lago Peten-Itza.
	www.larutamaya.nl /eng/index_bestanden/peten.htm (420 words)

	Read Messages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The effect of "Peten the Dark Clown" cannot be activated UNLESS the very last "fact" (as the game designer calls it) was "Peten the Dark Clown" being sent to the Graveyard.
		So, for example, if "Peten the Dark Clown" is destroyed as a result of battle, you CAN activate its effect, as the last "fact" was that "Peten the Dark Clown" was sent to the Graveyard.
		Now, if "Peten the Dark Clown" is Tributed for a Tribute Summon, you CANNOT activate its effect, as the last "fact" was that a monster was Summoned; therefore, you miss the timing to activate "Peten the Dark Clown"'s effect.
	lists.upperdeck.com /read/messages?id=2613 (396 words)

	ICE Cases: Guatemala-Maya Civil War
		Infrastructure into the heart of Peten remained and remains poor (the first asphalted road inside the department was completed in 1982).
		However due to an increase in Maya immigration from the highlands, the population in this remote area is increasing, contributing to the depletion of the forest and the chicle trees.
		The Peten is also one of the last habitats of the Quetzal, Guatemala's national bird.
	gurukul.ucc.american.edu /ted/ice/PETEN.HTM (2073 words)

	University Press of Florida: Macanché Island, El Petén, Guatemala
		In reconsidering the transition from the Classic to the Postclassic period of Maya civilization in the Department of Peten, Guatemala, Prudence Rice challenges traditional concepts of demographic collapse in the southern lowlands.
		Using painstaking reconstructions of research by William Bullard and her own work, Rice argues that the rural outpost of Macanache Island in Peten continued to support a population during and long after the Classic Maya collapse, and she uses stratigraphic and ceramic evidence to illuminate the transition.
		She weaves together analyses of the artifacts, largely ceramics, of Bullard's 1968 excavation with the artifacts found in later excavations focused on the Peten lake basins.
	www.upf.com /book.asp?id=RICEXF87 (363 words)

	The Conquistador's Horse
		The Itzae of Peten first came in contact with the Spaniards when Hernan Cortes undertook his rash and bootless expedition from Mexico to the coast of Honduras, or, as they said at that time, "Las Hibueras," in the year 1525.
		In the future development of the department of Peten, it would indeed be extremely interesting if the statement make by Cortes should be confirmed and strata of white marble should come to light in the mountains west of Lake Peten.
		It may be assumed that during the epoca colonial after that famous march of Cortes with his army through this region, the populous cities lying in the more extended vicinity of Peten-Itza were depopulated by the breaking out of epidemics and by being abandoned in the fear of roving bands bent on conquest.
	www.mesoweb.com /maler/conquistador.html (2934 words)

	Human Organization: Land tenure delegitimation and social mobility in Tropical Peten, Guatemala
		Lack of legitimacy of land tenure institutions in the tropical Peten, Guatemala, contributes to tenure insecurity that encourages rapid colonization, deforestation, and forest conversion to agriculture.
		While authors have examined the Peten's deforestation (Beavers 1994), its inequitable farmsize differentiation (Gongora Zetina de Trujillo 1984), its governmental clientelism in favor of wealthy landowners (Schwartz 1987; Kaimowitz 1995), and its various tenure regimes (Strochlic 1994), the internal social dynamics that make spontaneous colonization movement so difficult to arrest remain obscure.
		The three case studies here highlight issues of institutional legitimacy along the buffer zones of protected areas and examine indigenous land relationships, both of which are central to continuing efforts in the region to slow deforestation rates and stabilize a legitimized system of land and property rights.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3800/is_200001/ai_n8878412 (1086 words)

	The Unfinished History of the Mayan Kingdom: a Peten memoir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Peten, Guatemala's largest, northernmost province hides Tikal, the largest city of the ancient Mayans.
		In this place, 2000 years ago, the Mayans built a city estimated to be at least 60 square kilometers in area.
		Looking down on Peten from above, one sees no tall buildings; there is only a yellow-green expanse of grassland and forest intermingled with areas charred fl from burning, awaiting the planting that will come with the rainy season.
	home.sina.com /sinorama/0897/english/5_1.html (187 words)

	Early Belize History, Page 8
		The entrada from Guatemala frightened the scattered remaining Mayan communities in the Peten and the population of Tipu in western Belize swelled with refugees.
		Tah Itza and the potential for military support and political encouragement and refuge in the Peten were the backbone of the ability of the Belizean Maya to resist the Spanish.
		Spanish troops began a series of incursions toward the Peten from the Yucatan in 1687 and these were climaxed by three separate entradas from Guatemala in 1695 and two from the Yucatan in 1695 and 1696.
	www.ambergriscaye.com /earlyhistory/8.html (4538 words)

	The Articulum
		Peten wondered if they were born roomen or that they live on the island so long that their true form was forgotten.
		Wilm was barking and gesturing with the flippers.
		Peten couldn't begin to imagine what it would be like to fly, but he could imagine that it was tiring.
	tsa.transform.to /furry/articulum.html (16490 words)

	DeRLAS Vol. 5 No. 2 Schwartz
		Beginning in 1959, the Guatemalan government opened Peten to colonization and development, and by the mid-1960s there was a great deal of spontaneous migration from other parts of Guatemala to the northern lowland tropical forests of Peten.
		There was a good deal of violence in Peten in the early 1980s, though not as much as in the western highlands of Guatemala.
		I was told I could go to Peten but had to report to G2 down there -- as I recall that was the name of the branch of the military I had to see -- and couldn't travel anywhere in the region without the OK of the G2 office.
	www.udel.edu /LASP/Vol5-2Schwartz.html (2534 words)

	Mayan Travel, create your tour and discover Guatemala
		El Peten, Guatemala’s largest and northernmost department, is a world into itself, with more than 2,000 archeological sites left by the enigmatic Maya, and huge expanses of pristine tropical forest.
		The most famous attraction in the Peten is Tikal, a beautiful Maya City set in the lush tropical forest of a national park covering 550 square kilometers.
		Visitors may start their exploration of Peten`s forest right on Lake Peten-Itza, at the Biotopo Cerro Cahui, a wildlife reserve covering 650 hectares found just 3 kilometers from the town of Remate.
	www.mayantravel.com /north.htm (915 words)

	Harvard University Press/Excavations at Seibal, Department of Peten, Guatemala: 1. Monumental Sculpture and ...
		Seibal is a major ruin of the southern Maya lowlands, its vast ceremonial center covering several high hills on the banks of the Pasion River in the Guatemalan Department of Peten.
		In five volumes published over a 15-year period, the archaeological team headed by Gordon R. Willey presents a comprehensive review of their fieldwork from 1964 to 1968 and the results of many years of subsequent data analysis.
		Excavations at Seibal, Department of Peten, Guatemala: 1.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/WILEX5.html (238 words)

	:Tikal Ruins & Lake Peten
		The Maya chose the sub-tropical jungles of El Peten to be their homeland.
		This region is the birthplace of the Maya and witnessed the rise and fall of entire civilizations in cities such as El Mirador, Tikal and Aguateca.
		Located in Guatemala’s Peten Region near the wonderful archaeological site of Tikal, La Lancha is a deluxe jungle resort overlooking the beautiful and unspoiled...
	www.tropicaldiscovery.com /regions_guate/peten/vacations.php (637 words)

	The Peten Region: Forest Change
		Upon consideration of widespread and rapid deforestation and the Peten's ecology, president of Guatemala, Vinicio Cerezo Arevalo, signed legislation in 1990 creating the Maya Biosphere Reserve.
		Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite images of the Peten, in Guatemala, demonstrate the amount of forested land.
		The bottom half of all three images is the focus of land clearance where green is indicative of vegetation and brown-pink represents bare soil.
	www.emporia.edu /earthsci/student/wilson2/Peten5.htm (484 words)

	The Unfinished History of the Mayan Kingdom: a Peten memoir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The only road connecting Peten to the outside world is a gravel-paved government road.
		For the people of Peten, whose income is only half the national average, fruits and vegetables are very expensive luxuries that most seldom eat.
		In the garden of Reymundo, who was trained by the Mission, there are trellises on which grow cucumbers and red beans.
	home.sina.com /sinorama/0897/english/5_12.html (234 words)

	Spanish Conquest of Peten Itza (modern Guatemala) 1697
		Peten Itza (Tah Itza, Tayassal) was the last independent Maya city, located in the jungle region of Peten (modern Guatemala), on Lake Peten.
		A Spanish force of 100 men invaded Peten territory, where a force of 4,000 armed men was assembled.
		Many of the Peten Maya moved into that territory, only nominally British, and long contested by Spain.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/military/17cen/peten1697.html (307 words)

	handbook
		There is malaria and dengue fever in the Peten, but with usual precautions such as repellent and mosquito nets, you shouldn’t expect to catch either and most travelers don’t bring prophylactic medicine.
		While the Peten region is experiencing heavy immigration of land squatters and other associated problems, the south coast - being the breadbasket of Guatemala - has been settled for a much longer time.
		The Peten region and the UN-declared Mayan Biosphere Reserve are a focus of intense international attention to protect the unique cultural and natural resources remaining in this the largest forested area in the Americas after the Amazon basin.
	www.arcasguatemala.com /handbook.htm (10714 words)

	El Peten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		El Peten is undoubtedly a must in any visit to Guatemala.
		There is of course the unforgettable Tikal, but don't just rush from the airport to Tikal and back the same day.
		None of this info may be copied unless authorisation to do so has been given.
	www.1000traveltips.org /elpeten.htm (977 words)

	Petén
		Although the Spanish nominally conquered the area and Cortés passed through it on his march to Honduras (1524–25), efforts at subjugation were sporadic until the Itzá tribe was driven out (1697) from their stronghold at Lake Petén Itzá.
		The environmental impacts of international finance corporation lending and proposals for reform: a case study of conservation and oil development in the Guatemalan Peten.
		The "invisible" Maya: minimally mounded residential settlement at Itzan, Peten, Guatemala.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0838565.html (268 words)

	ProPeten - About ProPeten, What we do, who we are, Peten, Flores, Guatemala
		Generate innovative processes that facilitate the conservation of the natural and cultural heritage of Peten by fostering sustainable and equitable development based on community participation, relevant scientific research, strategic alliances and policy.
		In a historic "first" for Peten, ProPeten transfers ownership of the Eco-Escuela de San Andrés to the school's teachers and home-stay families.
		This is the first time in Peten that municipal governments formally commit to environmental conservation.
	www.propeten.org /english/about.htm (1608 words)

	ICDP International Workshop on “Scientific Drilling in Lake Peten-Itza, Guatemala”
		Palynology: Previous pollen analysis in Peten lakes has documented the broad changes that occurred in vegetation during the last glacial and Holocene periods, but the response of lowland Neotropical vegetation to high-frequency climate variability and longer-term orbital forcing is not known.
		Several excursions were held during the workshop to introduce participants to the Peten Lake District.
		Previous studies have shown that the Peten has undergone profound climate and environmental change from the arid last glaciation to the moist early Holocene.
	plaza.ufl.edu /hodell/Workshop_Report.htm (3092 words)

	AllRefer.com - PetEn, Latin America & Caribbean Islands (Latin American And Caribbean Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		There are large, permanent lakes, notably Lake PetEn ItzA.
		Once PetEn was a center of the Old Empire of the Maya and had a dense agricultural population.
		Although the Spanish nominally conquered the area and CortEs passed through it on his march to Honduras (1524–25), efforts at subjugation were sporadic until the ItzA tribe was driven out (1697) from their stronghold at Lake PetEn ItzA.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/Peten.html (296 words)

	Spanish Language Schools Guatemala - Learn Spanish at Eco Escuela - Guatemala, Peten
		The MBR adjoins the vast Calakmul Biosphere Reserve in Mexico and the Rio Bravo Conservation Area in Belize, forming a multi-national reserve, totaling more than two million hectares of which it is estimated that only about one-third has human activity.
		There are several compelling reasons visitors venture into the jungle-forests of El Peten: First to visit important archeological sites such as Tikal, the greatest Mayan archeological site yet excavated; to enjoy the great abundance and variety of wildlife and to experience the Guatemala of small farming villages and jungle hamlets.
		Santa Elena has a bustling marketplace and commercial area and is connected by a 200m causeway to the peaceful and colorful "Isla de Flores".
	www.ecoescuelaespanol.org /guatemala-penten.html (736 words)

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