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| | Flanders, Brittany, Burgundy, Anjou, Normandy, Blois, Champagne, Toulouse, etc. |
 | | Dukes of Gascony, 768-1038 AD The culture of the South of France in the 12th century is one of the first signs of the revival of civilization in Francia after the "second Dark Age" of the 9th and 10th centuries. |
 | | Duke William V had three wives, and subsequent Dukes were descendants of William VIII, son of William V and Agnes of Burgundy. |
 | | Joanna's first husband, Ferrand, son of King Sancho I of Portugal, was captured by King Philip II of France in the defeat of Emperor Otto IV at the battle of Bouvines in 1214. |
| www.friesian.com /flanders.htm |
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