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	Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tchaikovsky was interred in Tikhvin Cemetery at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in Saint Petersburg.
		Tchaikovsky is perhaps most well known for his ballets, although it was only in his last years, with his last two ballets, that his contemporaries came to really appreciate his qualities as ballet music composer.
		Tchaikovsky's earlier symphonies are generally happy works of nationalistic character, while the later symphonies dwell on fate, turmoil and, particularly in the Sixth, despair.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tchaikovsky (1693 words)

	Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
		Tchaikovsky married a woman called Antonina Milyukova, who had written to him declaring her love, on 18 July 1877.
		It is possible that Nadezhda was planning to marry off one her daughters to Tchaikovsky, as she had previously tried unsuccessfully to marry one of them to Debussy, who had lived in Russia for a time and was teacher to her family.
		Tchaikovsky was interred in Tikhvin Cemetery at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery, St Petersburg.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pyotr_ilyich_tchaikovsky (1002 words)

	MSN Encarta - Tchaikovsky
		Tchaikovsky was born in Votkinsk, in the western Ural area of the country.
		Although Tchaikovsky's other sources of income were by then adequate to sustain him, he was wounded by the sudden defection of his patron without apparent cause, and he never forgave her.
		Tchaikovsky also extended the range of the symphonic poem, and his works in this genre, including Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet, are notable for their richly melodic evocation of the moods of the literary works on which they are based.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577231/Tchaikovsky.html (724 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Tchaikovsky was musically precocious, but his interest in the subject was not actively encouraged because his parents considered that it had an unhealthy effect on an already neurotically excitable child.
		Tchaikovsky never forgave her for her behaviour, and the nature of the psychological wound it inflicted upon him can be judged by the fact that in the delirium of his last illness he repeated her name again and again in indignant tones.
		Tchaikovsky completed his Symphony No. 6 in B Minor, Opus 74, which was his last and which he rightly regarded as a masterpiece, in August 1893.
	www.tchaikovsky.host.sk /life.htm (2630 words)

	Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky - Capriccio Italien, Op.45 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Tchaikovsky’s prediction was correct; the "Capriccio" is wonderfully effective and highly tuneful.
		There’s no reason to doubt that the melodies are genuinely Italian, although only two have been positively identified – the opening fanfare, which, according to Modest, could be heard by the brothers each morning from a barrack adjacent to their hotel, and the closing tarantella, known in Italy as "Cicuzza".
		Tchaikovsky simply fits them together and scores them in his own inimitably flamboyant manner, with just a few splashes of folk-colour such as the brief "bagpipe" oboe passage in the final tarantella.
	www.classicalnotes.co.uk /notes/tchaikovsky4.html (386 words)

	OperaWorld.com's Opera Insights: Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born on May 7, 1840 at Votkinsk, in the government of Vyatka, Russia.
		Tchaikovsky was very close to his family: his father (a mine inspector), mother, four brothers, and a sister.
		While Tchaikovsky now had financial independence, he felt the loss on a personal level rather than a professional one, for Madame von Meck (in addition to 6,000 rubles of income annually) had provided him with an outlet for airing his opinions, beliefs, hopes, and dreams.
	www.operaworld.com /special/tchai1.shtml (714 words)

	Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilyich. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Tchaikovsky wrote 11 operas, four concertos, six symphonies, a great number of songs and short piano pieces, three ballets, three string quartets, suites and symphonic poems, and numerous other works.
		In 1877 Tchaikovsky made a disastrous marriage in order to defeat the torment of his homosexuality and to deny the spreading rumors of it.
		Tchaikovsky was opposed to the aims of the Russian nationalist composers and used Western European forms and idioms, although his work instinctively reflects the Russian temperament.
	www.bartleby.com /65/tc/Tchaikov.html (461 words)

	Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
		Yet much of Tchaikovsky's early works were harshly criticized by his peers and teachers, especially by the Russian nationalist composers comprising "The Mighty Five." But his music usually always found favor with the public.
		Tchaikovsky, always self-critical, felt he was unable to grasp the concepts of musical form, and so relied heavily on romantic melodies and colorful orchestration.
		Tchaikovsky died soon after the premiere of the symphony, very likely from suicide, although the jury is still out on that.
	www.victorianstation.com /musictchaikovski.htm (391 words)

	Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsy Biography
		Tchaikovsky attempted suicide by drowning but was saved by his brother, Modeste, only to suffer a nervous breakdown.
		Tchaikovsky loved danceable music, particularly that of Mozart who was one of his favorite composers.
		Tchaikovsky’s music, imbued with its sweeping lyricism, richness, and danceable qualities is a frequent choice of inspiration for choreographers.
	www.balletmet.org /Notes/Tchaikovsky.html (927 words)

	Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The eminent Russian composer Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky was born on May 7 (N.S.), 1840, in a settlement adjacent to the Kama-Votkinsk Metal Works (managed by his father) in the Ural Mountains.
		Tchaikovsky's fame, as both conductor and composer, spread as the result of a series of international tours, which brought him to the United States in 1891.
		Tchaikovsky's lyric gift owes much to Russian folk song, which he quotes (First Piano Concerto, Second and Fourth symphonies) or imitates (First Symphony, Second String Quartet), and to the 19th-century Russian salon song, whose traits permeate his vocal melody (songs and romances, Eugene Onegin) and even infuse his instrumental themes (Fifth and Sixth symphonies).
	russia-in-us.com /Music/Opera/tchaikovsky.html (639 words)

	Music of the Heart
		The musical snobs trash Tchaikovsky as a mawkish sentimentalist, a shameless crowd pleaser not deserving of the company of Beethoven and Mozart, but these people must have stone where their arteries converge, for there are places in the musical heart that only Tchaikovsky has dared enter and touch.
		Tchaikovsky's life is the stuff of Hollywood drama - a stormy relationship with his mentor, the great pianist Anton Rubenstein, his homosexuality, one suicide attempt, his ill-advised marriage to an admirer that led to a nervous breakdown, and his mysterious relationship with his benefactor, Madame Von Meck, who stipulated they never personally meet.
		Tchaikovsky is the only composer who can do that to me. I suspect a lot of people who profess to be too sophisticated for Tchaikovsky are simply afraid of what the power of unrestrained emotion might do to them.
	www.mcmanweb.com /article-79.htm (1054 words)

	Tchaikovsky
		As a youth Tchaikovsky faced the hardship of losing his mother at age 14 and was forced to deal with the cold atmosphere of a military boarding school.
		Tchaikovsky's music was marked by a sensuously rhythmic pulse, and an innate melodic ability that enabled him to create some of the world's greatest ballet music.
		Tchaikovsky's inner conflicts perhaps give a clue to his music for he openly adored the style and grace of Mozart, yet gravitated to the revolutionary innovations of Liszt and the Romantics.
	www.d-vista.com /OTHER/tchai.html (944 words)

	Great Performances . Educational Resources . Composer Biographies . Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky \| PBS
		Originally intended for Nikolay Rubinstein, the head of the Moscow Conservatory, who had much encouraged Tchaikovsky, it was dedicated to Hans von Bülow (who gave its première, in Boston) when Rubinstein rejected it as ill-composed and unplayable (he later recanted and became a distinguished interpreter of it).
		Tchaikovsky, however, saw marriage as a possible solution to his sexual problems; and when contacted by a young woman who admired his music he offered (after first rejecting her) immediate marriage.
		It was a disaster: he escaped from her almost at once, in a state of nervous collapse, attempted suicide and went abroad.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/gperf/education/tchaikovsky.html (639 words)

	Island of Freedom - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
		The eminent Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born on May 7 (N.S.), 1840, in a settlement adjacent to the Kama-Votkinsk Metal Works (managed by his father) in the Ural Mountains.
		Assigned on graduation to the Ministry of Justice, Tchaikovsky continued to be drawn to music, and in 1861 he began classes sponsored by the Russian Music Society.
		Tchaikovsky taught theory in Moscow, joining the faculty of the new Moscow Conservatory when it opened in September 1866.
	www.island-of-freedom.com /TCHAIK.HTM (691 words)

	TEMPLE OF PETER TCHAIKOVSKY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich (1840-1893), Russian composer, the foremost of the 19th century.
		In 1876 Tchaikovsky became acquainted with Madam Nadejda von Meck, a wealthy widow, whose enthusiasm for the composer's music led her to give him an annual allowance.
		Many Tchaikovsky compositions-among them The Nutcracker (ballet and suite, 1891-1892), the Piano Concerto no. 2 in G Major (1880), the String Quartet no. 3 in E-flat Minor (1876), and the Trio in A Minor for Violin, Cello, and Piano (1882)-have remained popular with concertgoers.
	sangha.net /messengers/tchaikovsky.htm (698 words)

	Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky - an overview of the classical composer
		Peter (or Pyotr) Ilyich Tchaikovsky is a composer whose music has made an indellible impression on the world, yet many things seemed to be stacked against him.
		Although Tchaikovsky's music is now universally admired across the world, he wasn't always to receive a warm reception in his native Russia and a poor critical reception to his works understandably contributed to his periods of depression.
		For a while Tchaikovsky struck up a curious relationship with a woman called Nadezhda van Meck who became his benefactor, and her regular funding and letters of encouragement allowed him to compose without the constant worry of earning a living and he resigned from the Moscow Conservatory to concentrate on composition.
	www.mfiles.co.uk /composers/Peter-Ilyich-Tchaikovsky.htm (1174 words)

	Queen of Spades - Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
		Michael Dungan reads Tchaikovsky’s more romantic interpretation of the story (from a libretto by his brother Modest) as a response to the composer’s empathy with the central character.
		After an unsteady start in which Tchaikovsky’s evident musical discomfort is initially unsettling, the opera develops gripping depth and tension, notably from the bedroom scene in which Hermann faces the countess and tries to force the secret of the cards from her.
		Peter Svensson demonstrates subtlety and variance in the tenor role in spite of on-the-night troubles with the high notes in Act One, and also portrays Hermann’s descent into madness with believable conviction.
	www.culturevulture.net /Opera/QueenofSpades.htm (926 words)

	Classical Composers: Peter Tchaikovsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born about 800 miles from Moscow to an unmusical family that wanted him to be a lawyer.
		Tchaikovsky has often been criticized for the over sentimentality of his works.
		It has been noted by Gammond that Tchaikovsky's had no clear develoment through his lifetime because his melodic inventions were consistently powerful and sublime.
	iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/Spring03/Aguilar/Tchaikovsky.htm (255 words)

	Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Romeo and Juliet
		In 1869 Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was an up-and-coming composer and a professor of music at the Moscow Conservatory.
		Tchaikovsky weathered the criticism, recognizing that Balakirev was correct: Fatum suffered from a lack of focus.
		In proposing this topic, Balakirev likely knew that Tchaikovsky had just emerged from what would be his only infatuation with a member of the opposite sex, a Belgian soprano named Désirée Artôt with whom he had discussed marriage, but who had recently married a Spanish baritone.
	www.barbwired.com /barbweb/programs/tchaikovsky_romeo.html (778 words)

	Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
		Tchaikovsky is best known for his ballets and symphonies.
		In many ways, Tchaikovsky's life and career placed him uncomfortably between different worlds, and this conflict was a central aspect of his creative life.
		Tchaikovsky's musical training at the newly founded St. Petersburg conservatory was likewise influenced by European ideals.
	www.wwnorton.com /classical/composers/tchaik.htm (508 words)

	Tchaikovsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Tchaikovsky [also spelled Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky] was born at Votkinsk, in the government of Vyatka, Russia, May7, 1840.
		Tchaikovsky wrote the "Pathetique" Symphony and he died couple days after it was premiered.
		Tchaikovsky was highly sensitive, and had a reference for his mother.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/5648 (149 words)

	Alibris: Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
		One of Tchaikovsky's most popular operas, this work--based on a tale by Pushkin--recounts the musical tale of an officer torn between his love for a beautiful young woman and his obsession with gambling.
		Tchaikovsky set himself the task of creating a fitting tribute to his esteemed friend within the strictures of the chamber style, an undertaking that demanded a piano part appropriate to Rubinstein's genius...
		One of Tchaikovsky's most popular works, this concerto is a staple of the concert violinist's repertoire and (according to Grove's) "one of the least pretentious and freshest of Tchaikovsky's works." It is also praised for its melodic flow and its pervasive sense of creative delight.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/author/Peter_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky (771 words)

	Music History 102: Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was also at this time that Tchaikovsky, in anguish over his homosexuality, made the regrettable decision to marry.
		Tchaikovsky hinted that this symphony had a program of some kind, but never made clear what it was.
		That it is about suffering and tragedy is evident from this melody, one of the composer's greatest, and from the fact that the symphony's finale is in the highly unusual form of a brooding and sad lament.
	www.ipl.org.ar /exhibit/mushist/rom/tchaikovsky.htm (546 words)

	The New Classical Music Forums - Tchaikovsky Bio
		Tchaikovsky was the son of a mining inspector and studied music as a child.
		In 1877, Tchaikovsky made a catastrophic marriage in order to defeat the anguish of his homosexuality and to deny the rumors of it.
		Tchaikovsky traveled around Europe as a conductor, performing his Marche solennelle at the opening concert in Carnegie Hall, New York City, in 1891.
	classicalmusicforums.com /showthread.php?p=215 (254 words)

	Piotr Tchaikovsky
		Rather less successful was his first opera, The Voyevoda, given at the Bol'shoy in Moscow in 1869; Tchaikovsky later abandoned it and re-used material from it in his next, The Oprichnik.
		Originally intended for Nikolay Rubinstein, the head of Moscow Conservatory, who had much encouraged Tchaikovsky, it was dedicated to Hans von Bülow (who gave its premiere, in Boston) when Rubinstein rejected it as ilI-composed and unplayable (he later recanted and became a distinguished interpreter of it).
		In 1893 he worked on his Sixth Symphony, to a plan - the first movement was to be concerned with activity and passion; the second, love; the third, disappointment; and the finale, death.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/tchaikovsky.html (674 words)

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