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	Trudgill: Standard English
		I myself have defined standardisation (Trudgill, 1992) as consisting of the processes of language determination, codification and stabilisation.
		Language determination "refers to decisions which have to be taken concerning the selection of particular languages or varieties of language for particular purposes in the society or nation in question" (p.71).
		Trudgill, P. and Cheshire, J. (1989) Dialect and education in the United Kingdom.
	www.phon.ucl.ac.uk /home/dick/SEtrudgill.htm (4182 words)

	Oxford University Press: New-Dialect Formation: Peter Trudgill
		The novelty of Trudgill's theory is that these new varieties of English were predictable and deterministic according to certain demographic and linguistic principles, and that all these varieties of colonial Englishes are similar to each other because they were formed out of similar mixtures according to the same principles.
		Trudgill argues no role in colonial dialect development and that the work of dialect formation was carried out by children over a period of two generations.
		Trudgill's work represents an exciting new approach to the study of language contact and dialects in its emphasis on the notion of predictability and the important role of children.
	www.oup.com /us/catalog/general/?view=usa&ci=0195220439 (329 words)

	Peter Trudgill - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Professor Peter Trudgill (born 1941 in Norwich, England, UK) is a sociolinguist, academic and author.
		Peter Trudgill is the Honorary President of the Friends of Norfolk Dialect society, and a Fellow of the British Academy.
		Trudgill is a well-known authority in slang and dialects.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Peter_Trudgill (195 words)

	Peter Trudgill, Norwich
		Norwich speech was studied by Peter Trudgill in the 1970s to find out how and why people's ways of speaking varied.
		One of the variables Trudgill studied was the final consonant in words like walking, running.
		Trudgill's figures for social class and sex differences in the use of the standard, prestige -ing form in Norwich when people used a formal style of speaking are as follows:
	www.putlearningfirst.com /language/research/norwich.html (363 words)

	Print Document
		Trudgill’s essay begins, as do so many by linguists, by setting up as its opponent a rare and strange creature: a person who believes that the language he speaks should be absolutely fixed, and no change permitted.
		Trudgill does deserve gratitude, though, for explaining the way languages are “self-regulating”; as I noted, he says “their speakers want to understand each other and be understood.
		When Trudgill mentions so lightly that there are “people around” who will think less of you for using infer for imply, he is closing his eyes to the fact that those people—the educated, the articulate, the influential—are just the ones the writer will most want to impress and win over to his point of view.
	www.rules-of-the-game.com /lin005-myth.htm (4989 words)

	Peter Trudgill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Professor Peter Trudgill (pronounced [ˈtɹʌd.gɪl]), born 1943 in Norwich, England, UK, is a sociolinguist, academic and author.
		Peter Trudgill is the honorary president of the Friends of Norfolk dialect society, and a fellow of the British Academy.
		Trudgill is a well-known authority on dialects, as well as being one of the first to apply Labovian sociolinguistic methodology in the UK, and to provide a framework for studying dialect contact phenomena.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peter_Trudgill (375 words)

	[No title]
		In preparing the volumes, Cheshire and Trudgill asked twenty or so colleagues from around the world which articles they recommend to students most frequently, and so, although the volumes are not quite a sociolinguistics "hit-parade", the selection does reflect the judgement of a range of other scholars in addition to the editors themselves.
		Twenty years ago, Peter Trudgill edited Sociolinguistic Patterns in British English, and in his Introduction to that volume he reviewed the sub-disciplines which, at one time or another, were mentioned under the heading of sociolinguistics, from the more sociological to the more linguistic ends of the spectrum.
		The main strength of the Cheshire and Trudgill volumes is that they provide in-depth and up-to-date coverage of their selected areas, and they are therefore suited to more advanced students.
	wjmll.ncl.ac.uk /issue03/coveney_trudgill (1020 words)

	The Vocabula Review - July 2003 - Professor Trudgill Is Puzzled - Mark Halpern
		Trudgill, in emphasizing formal credentials rather than the ability to which they presumably testify, is in danger of joining the scarecrow.
		Trudgill tells us that I betray my amateurishness again in my "approach to polysemy"; I apparently believe, he says, that there should be one word for every meaning, and one meaning for every word.
		Trudgill's peroration is the usual linguists' cant to the effect that anyone trying to establish standards in matters of usage must despise those who fail to meet those standards, and that this is very like contempt for those of other races, religions, sexual orientation, and so on.
	www.vocabula.com /2003/VRJULY03Halpern.htm (2876 words)

	Peter Trudgill - Penguin UK Authors - Penguin UK
		Peter Trudgill was born in Norwich in 1943, and attended the City of Norwich School.
		Peter Trudgill is the author of: Accent, Dialect and the School; English Accents and Dialects (with Arthur Highes); International English (with Jean Hannah); Applied Sociolinguistics; Dialects in Contact; On Dialect; Language in the British Isles; Dialectology (with J. Chambers); The Dialects of England; and numerous other books and articles on sociolinguistics and dialectology.
		Peter Trudgill is the Honorary President of the Friends of Norfolk Dialect society, and a Fellow of the British Academy.
	www.penguin.co.uk /nf/Author/AuthorPage/0,,1000032791,00.html (260 words)

	Estuary English
		When you have studied Peter Trudgill's explanation and Paul Coggle's comments, you should be able to form an educated view.
		The sociolinguistics of modern RP Peter Trudgill; Professor of English Linguistics; University of Fribourg
		What we know about the geographical diffusion of linguistic innovations, moreover, indicates that there is no way in which the influence of London is going to be able to counteract the influence of large centres such as Liverpool and Newcastle which are at some distance from London.
	www.eriding.net /amoore/lang/estuary.htm (2502 words)

	XplanaZine
		Linguistics professor Peter Trudgill addressed this process of change in an essay exploding the language myth that the meanings of words shouldn't be allowed to change.
		Trudgill offers as one example the process by which disinterested has, in some English-speaking subcultures, become synonymous with uninterested.
		Trudgill, Peter, "The Meanings of Words Should Not Be Allowed to Vary or Change," in Language Myths, Laurie Bauer and Peter Trudgill, eds.
	www.xplanazine.com /archives/2005/04/change_hapens.php (586 words)

	SILEBR 2005/001 — Review of “The vocabulary of World English”, “World Englishes”, and ...
		Trudgill and Hannah begin by identifying Standard English as that which is normally written and spoken by “educated” speakers of the language.
		Furthermore, Trudgill and Hannah and Gramley imply, and Melchers and Shaw explicitly state, that regional accent/pronunciation is not important.
		In spite of the fact that the Trudgill and Hannah volume is in its fourth edition I find it to be the most uneven of the three books.
	www.sil.org:8090 /silebr/2005/silebr2005-001 (2893 words)

	Norfolk England Dialect Orthography
		This is a very salient feature of the Norfolk dialect for speakers of other forms of English, and, not surprisingly, outsiders trying to represent the local dialect in writing make attempts to indicate this pronunciation.
		Hughes, A. Trudgill (1966) English accents and dialects: an inytroduction of varieties of English in the British Isles.
		Trudgill, P. (1974) The social differentiation of English in Norwich.
	www.norfolkdialect.com /trudgill.html (2168 words)

	Amazon.fr : Language Myths: Livres en anglais: Laurie Bauer,Peter Trudgill (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In this book Laurie Bauer and Peter Trudgill have invited nineteen respected linguists from all over the world to address these "language myths"--showing that they vary from the misconceived to the downright wrong.
		Laurie Bauer is a Reader in Linguistics at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, and the author of many books and articles on word formation, international varieties of English, and language change in current English.
		Peter Trudgill is Professor of English Language and Linguistics at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
	www.amazon.fr /Language-Myths-Laurie-Bauer/dp/0140260234 (465 words)

	Trudgill Books (Used, New, Out-of-Print) - Alibris
		In this new, revised and extended edition, Trudgill includes phonetic symbols along with the orthographic representations of speech sounds.
		Peter Trudgill demonstrates that all dialects are structured, grammatical systems and that all dialects have rules and norms, the text also discusses the relationship between regional and social variation in language and explains why and how different varieties of language develop.
		It is designed to introduce students to basic methods of corpus analysis, with a clear progression from the use of concordances in analysing individual texts, to more...
	www.alibris.com /search/books/author/Trudgill (870 words)

	Georgetown University Press
		It displays the amazing breadth and depth of Trudgill's understanding of both the processes and the outcomes of language change and variation.
		This selection of Peter Trudgill's major works since 1988, appearing here in updated and revised form, reveals major recurring themes in his work on linguistic diversity.
		Peter Trudgill, who learned most of his linguistics at Edinburgh University, is professor of English linguistics at the bilingual University of Fribourg in Switzerland.
	press.georgetown.edu /detail.html?session=1edab145a6225f37a52a817c0d237912&cat=&id=0878403698 (424 words)

	Estuary English
		When you have studied Peter Trudgill's explanation and Paul Coggle's comments, you should be able to form an educated view.
		The sociolinguistics of modern RP Peter Trudgill; Professor of English Linguistics; University of Fribourg
		This is reproduced, with the author's permission, from Professor Trudgill's Sociolinguistic Variation and Change; Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2001; Chapter 16: The Sociolinguistics of modern RP (extract).
	www.universalteacher.org.uk /lang/estuary.htm (2469 words)

	Sfakian Dialect - Sfakia-Crete.com
		They remain, however, very proud of their local dialect.
		Peter Trudgill is Professor of English Language and Linguistics at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
		He is the author of several books on dialect and on language and society.
	www.webcam-crete.com /sfakia-crete/dialect.html (519 words)

	John Benjamins: Contributions by Peter Trudgill
		Peter Trudgill is editor/board member of the following series.
		Peter Trudgill has contributed to the following volumes.
		Trudgill, Peter, Elizabeth Gordon, Gillian Lewis and Margaret MacLagan 2000.
	www.benjamins.com /cgi-bin/t_authorview.cgi?author=14471 (196 words)

	LING 101: Introduction to Linguistics - Fall 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		These readings will be discussed on the date indicated, so they should be read prior to that date.
		"Myth 5: English spelling is kattastroffik." In Laurie Bauer and Peter Trudgill, eds.
		"Myth 1: The meaning of words should not be allowed to vary or change." In Laurie Bauer and Peter Trudgill, eds.
	wso.williams.edu /~nsanders/LING101/readings.html (129 words)

	Edinburgh University Press
		Peter Trudgill, who learnt most of his linguistics at Edinburgh University, is Professor of English Linguistics at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland.
		Peter Trudgill has been through it all - as a pioneer, a developer and an internationally renowned authority.
		For more information on Peter Trudgill click here.
	www.eup.ed.ac.uk /edition_details.aspx?id=11457 (931 words)

	Peter Trudgill - Penguin Group (New Zealand) Authors - Penguin Group (New Zealand)
		Peter Trudgill was born in Norwich in 1943, and attended the City of Norwich School.
		He has carried out linguistic field-work in Britain, Greece and Norway, and has lectured in most European countries, Canada, the United States, Colombia, Australia, New Zealand, India, Thailand, Hong Kong, Fiji, Malawi and Japan.
		Peter Trudgill is the author of: Accent, Dialect and the School; English Accents and Dialects (with Arthur Highes); International English (with Jean Hannah); Applied Sociolinguistics; Dialects in Contact; On Dialect; Language in the British Isles; Dialectology (with J. Chambers); The Dialects of England; and numerous other books and articles on sociolinguistics and dialectology.
	www.penguin.co.nz /nf/Author/AuthorPage/0,,1000032791,00.html (247 words)

	The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: )
		She held a postdoctoral fellowship at the Universityof Pennsylvania’s Institute for Research in Cognitive Science from 1993 to 1995, and has served as an expert witness in the area of text interpretation.
		PETER COLLINS is Associate Professor of Linguistics and Head of the Linguistics Department at the University of New South Wales.
		PETER PETERSON is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Newcastle, Australia.
	www.cambridge.org /uk/linguistics/cgel/authors.htm (1281 words)

	Die Roepstem - The Scots spelling system in Early Modern texts
		A basilect is the variety of the dialect which is closest to the original -- Scots -- language or dialect and farthest from RP or the standard language (Trudgill and Hannah 2002: 110, 111, 120).
		My use of both the words 'Scots' and 'Scottish English' to specify the Germanic language of Scotland here, already indicates that there is a continuum in language use in Scotland where Standard English is on the one end and Scots on the other.
		Throughout history Scots has gradually been replaced in educated usage by English (Trudgill and Hannah 2002: 91); the demise of the written national language can be followed by studying texts written as early the 16th century.
	roepstem.net /scots.html (2954 words)

	Appalachian Literature (Site not responding. Last check: )
		If it is true that, “if a child feels his language is inferior, he is less likely to be willing to use it” (Trudgill, 1975, p.
		Indeed, “the social distance between the child and the characters he reads about, symbolised by the language differences involved, would be smaller for most children if non-standard dialects were used-which might result in keener readers who were more able to identify with the characters, and thus with the activity of reading itself” (Trudgill, 1975, p.
		For a student to reject his or her dialect, he or she must want to change his or her identity in some way.
	www.ferrum.edu /applit/studyG/dialect/argue.htm (1122 words)

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