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Topic: Peter Waage

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1833 in science

	Anthroposophy and its Defenders
		Although Waage has nothing to say about the article’s main topic, the systematic collusion between organized anthroposophy and the so-called "green wing" of German fascism, he does raise several issues that lie at the core of that collusion.
		Waage reminds readers of Humanist that Steiner "at the end of the century was involved in ‘the Association Against Anti-Semitism’." Indeed, Steiner was a friend of Ludwig Jacobowski, an employee of the Verein zur Abwehr des Antisemitismus (Society for Protection Against Antisemitism).
		Waage believes that Steiner "cannot justly be called a racist" and that anthroposophy’s peculiar philosophy of root-races constitutes "a sound anti-racist view." To support these claims Waage tells us that "already in 1909" Steiner "stopped using" the terms "root race" and "Aryan." Waage seems to be rather confused about the chronology here.
	www.stelling.nl /simpos/anthroposophy_criticism.htm (3258 words)

	Institute for Social Ecology - The Janus Face of Anthroposophy
		Waage’s grasp of the research on Hess is tenuous at best; he considers Ilse Hess a credible source regarding her husband, a position that is rejected by historians but shared by neo-Nazis.
		And Waage’s laughable contention that J. Hauer was the source of our arguments regarding Hess shows that Waage has no idea who Hauer was: a crackpot whose obvious incompetence prevented him from ever achieving any position of influence even in a regime run by crackpots.
		Waage’s own self-conception as a non-anthroposophist is rather undermined by his peculiar insistence that critics of anthroposophy must adopt a properly reverential attitude toward Steiner before they dare to assess his public activities.
	www.social-ecology.org /article.php?story=20031202115622271 (5728 words)

	Anthroposophy and its Defenders, part II
		Waage seems to have misunderstood Anthroposophy and Ecofascism as a version of the guilt by association argument: if some anthroposophists were Nazis and some Nazis were anthroposophists, this simpleminded reasoning goes, then the two groups must be identical.
		Waage writes that "Steiner himself was the victim of an attempted assassination by the Nazi movement in 1922" as proof that Steiner was a conscientious opponent of Nazism.
		Waage does not seem to have reflected on the fundamental divergence between his own position, which is ethically incoherent, and the position staked out in the Dutch report, which is empirically incoherent.
	www.waldorfcritics.com /active/articles/anthroposophy_nazism.htm (3825 words)

	Chemical kinetics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Analysing the influence of different reaction conditions on the reaction rate gives information about the reaction mechanism and the transition state of a chemical reaction.
		Peter Waage developed the law of mass action in 1864 that stated for the first time that the speed of a chemical reaction is proportional to the quantity of the reacting substances.
		Kinetics deal with the experimental determination of reaction rates from which a rate law and reaction rate constant are derived.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chemical_kinetics (476 words)

	Peter Normann Waage Answers Allegations
		In response to Peter Staudenmaier and Peter Zegers, the apops have struck back with their own Peter, namely Peter Normann Waage from the leading left wing daily Dagbladet.
		Below are English renditions of our own Peter's responses to the attacks from Dan Dugan's two Peters.
		"The decisive question is not how many Peters you have," saith Uncle Taz, " but whether or not their gunpowder is dry." As far as we can see, Staudenmaier and Zegers are all wet, and so is their gunpowder.
	uncletaz.com /waage (113 words)

	Anthroposophy and its Defenders. Notes
		Waage cited this very same volume in his reply to the article; its contents seem to have escaped his notice.
		That Waage should adopt this attitude himself is both unsettling and revealing.
		Waage describes the authors, Wolfgang Ullmann and Jörn Rüsen, as "non-anthroposophists." This claim is questionable in the case of Rüsen, who serves on the Advisory Board of the anthroposophist Novalis Institute.
	www.waldorfcritics.com /active/articles/anthroposophy_notes.htm (2571 words)

	CHEMICAL ACTION - LoveToKnow Article on CHEMICAL ACTION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Besides the already mentioned fundamental law of chemical combination, that of constant and multiple proportions, there is the law of chemical mass-action, discovered by Guldberg and Waage in 1867, which we will now develop from a kinetic standpoint.
		Guldberg and Waage exressed this in the form the active mass of a solid substance is constant.
		Following Berthollets idea, two Norwegian investigators, C. Guldberg and Peter Waage, succeeded in formulating the influence of the reacting masses in a simple lawthe law of chemical mass-action already defined.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CH/CHEMICAL_ACTION.htm (7959 words)

	Peter Staudenmaier's Anthroposophy and Ecofascism
		In his article Anthroposophy and Ecofascism Peter Staudenmaier, who claims for himself the status of an honest and thorough scholar, gives an overview of Rudolf Steiner, anthroposophy and anthroposophists during the Nazi era that few scholars of Rudolf Steiner or his era would recognize.
		Staudenmaier, joined by Peter Zegers, wrote several rebuttals (Anthroposophy and It's Defenders, The Janus Face of Anthroposphy, and The Art of Avoiding History), raising new points and asserting the validity of their argument.
		Lest this become a "he said, she said" debate, I have in my analysis attempted to go back to the original sources as much as possible, both those Staudenmaier cites, and further sources I think are relevant.
	www.defendingsteiner.com /refutations/anthroposophy-and-ecofascism.php (989 words)

	Peter Staudenmaier on why he does not selectively read Rudolf Steinter
		My complaint about Waage is that he simply ignores the stuff in Steiner that he doesn't like.
		Your complaint about Waage is that, in your estimation, he does not integrate all of Steiner's work into his understanding of Anthroposophy.
		Waage chooses to ignore the parts you focus on, you choose to ignore all the parts about the sanctity and independence of the individual over all ties of race, gender, class and nationality that Waage values.
	www.danielhindes.com /Staudenmaier/staudenmaier-01.php (1505 words)

	Historisk tidsskrift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		According to Waage the 14th century Renaissance in Europe occurred mainly because of the influence from Islamic science and philosophy.
		Waage also maintains that the culture of Christian Europe in the Middle Ages was characterized by lack of interest in wordly matters and that this period deserves the designation the "dark ages" as far as science and philosophy are concerned.
		However, the picture drawn by Waage in his book is reductionistic and proves to be an oversimplification.
	www.uit.no /ht/sum/981-1.html (289 words)

	Peter Staudenmaier
		Peter Staudenmaier's grasp of philosophy is not very firm, as this thread will show.
		If you deny that such measurement is possible, then it is either because you find an unbridgable gap between Reality and human reason (the Kantian stance) or you deny the very existence of an objective Reality (the relativist position).
		That isn't what I accuse Waage of, but in any case, you can easily see from my postings to this list that I take both the 'good' sides and the 'bad' sides of Steiner's work into account.
	www.danielhindes.com /Staudenmaier/staudenmaier-34.php (871 words)

	ChemTeam: Studies Concerning Affinity
		The source of this translation is a facsimile of the Norwegian original that appeared in 1964 as part of the proceedings of a symposium (2) commemorating the centennial of the law of mass action.
		This lecture to the Academy of Sciences in Christiania (Oslo) was followed by two others in 1864 "Experiments for Determining the Affinity Law" (4) and "Concerning the Laws of Chemical Affinity" (5).
		In order to expand their potential audience, Guldberg and Waage published a pamphlet in French, "Studies in Chemical Affinity" (6), in 1867.
	dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us /webdocs/Chem-History/Concerning-Affinity.html (3239 words)

	Physical Chemistry
		In 1863, the Norwegians chemists Cato Maximillian Guldberg (1836-1902) and Peter Waage (1833-1900) published a pamphlet dealing with the direction of spontaneous reactions.
		Unfortunately, Guldberg and Waage published in Norwegian, and their work went unnoticed until 1879, when it was translated into German.
		In the meantime, an American physicist, Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839-1903), was systematically applying the laws of thermodynamics to chemical reactions.
	www.3rd1000.com /history/physical.htm (5629 words)

	ChemTeam: Equilibrium Constant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In 1864, Peter Waage and Cato Maxmilian Guldberg (both of Norway) published the modern meaning of the equilibrium constant.
		Waage and Guldberg had a different way of writing it.
		If we maintain that for a given chemical process two opposing forces are in effect, one which strives to form new substances and one which strives to restore the original compounds from the new, it is enlightening that, when in the chemical process these forces become equally large, the system is in equilibrium.
	dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us /webdocs/Equilibrium/Equilibrium-Constant.html (425 words)

	History of the Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo
		His most famous student is Peter Waage (1833-1900) who took over his position in 1862.
		Gleditsch is the one in the middle.) The laboratory was administratively split into two departments in 1881, and Waage tought the realists while Hiortdahl tought the medicin students and the farmascists.
		The building also contained the metallurgic laboratory which was moved to Trondheim when NTH was established.
	www.kjemi.uio.no /english/Dep_of_chem/history.html (610 words)

	Partisan Review
		Nowhere in his book, indeed, did LeBor serve up a single positive word about Western freedoms, Western individuality, Western sexual equality, or Western protections for the rights of minorities; instead there was simply an unwavering insistence on the virtue and piety of fundamentalist Muslims and the greed and decadence of their Western oppressors.
		Nor did Waage, Lebor, or anybody else pay much heed to the problems posed by European Muslims’ views on homosexuality–views that Muslim leaders have been less and less shy about advertising.
		Apparently, such views don’t disturb the likes of Waage and LeBor–at least not enough to affect their conviction as to Islam’s overall value to the West.
	www.sullivan-county.com /id4/bawer.htm (5209 words)

	New Myths about Rudolf Steiner
		In Humanist no. 2/00, the editors published the article "Anthroposophy and Eco-Fascism," written by Peter Staudenmaier.
		In Humanist no. 4/00, Staudenmaier and Peter Zegers respond to my answer, and the editor wants to publish another response by Staudenmaier/Zegers in the next issue.
		The editors of Humanist have, you see, found Staudenmaier's attack against Steiner and anthroposophy so important that they have gone through the trouble of translating it from English.
	uncletaz.com /waage/waagenglish2.html (3702 words)

	S&I History
		Mass action is the effect of the mass of the reacting chemicals on the time it takes for the reaction to reach equilibrium.
		Norwegians Cato Guldberg and Peter Waage suggested the concept long before it was demonstrated.
		They formulated a mathematical expression (similar to the equilibrium constant expression) for the effects produced by the mass on the equilibrium of a reaction.
	hilltop.bradley.edu /~rbg/S&I.html (3683 words)

	On the repeated untruthfulness of Peter Staudenmaier's writings on Rudolf Steiner and anthroposophy
		The main criticism in English on the Internet for an alleged anti-Semitism and racism in anthroposophy can be found in a number of articles by a Peter Staudenmaier.
		In one article; "Anthroposophy and its Defenders", written by Staudenmaier in cooperation with a Peter Zegers in the Netherlands, they allegedly refer to Steiner's description of two right wing personalities at the end of the 19th century as part of their "argumentation" that Steiner was, as they write, an "enthusiastically active pan-German nationalist" and anti-Semite.
		For a comment on the confused way Staudenmaier projects a hierarchical view of the relation between races, dominant during the first part of the 20th century in the West, on anthroposophy, see here.
	hem.passagen.se /thebee/comments/PS/Staudenmaier.html (4032 words)

	Music for Flute and Harp [CT]: Classical CD Reviews- Feb 2001 MusicWeb(UK) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Embossed on the front cover are the words "Recommended by Yehudi Menuhin", and, on the final page of the booklet, the complete testimonial duly signed by the great man. Quite how Menuhin came to be involved with the recording or artists we do not know.
		The musicians are new to me, Peter Verduyn Lunel being Dutch and having played with, amongst others, the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra and Netherlands Ballet Orchestra, whilst Elisabet Waage is Icelandic and divides her time between Iceland where she plays with the Icelandic Symphony Orchestra and Holland.
		The suitably "watery" textures of the music are well exploited by Lunel and Waage with some particularly limpid flute playing which admirably captures the spirit of the music.
	www.musicweb-international.com /classrev/2001/Feb01/FluteandHarp.htm (519 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		One way to predict which direction is favored in a reversible chemical reaction is to look at the concentrations of the reactants compared to the concentrations of the products.
		Two Norwegian chemists, Cato Maximilian Guldberg and Peter Waage proposed the Law of Mass Action as a general description of the equilibrium condition.
		Guldberg and Waage mathematically compared the ratio of products to reactants and took into consideration the coefficients of each in the balanced chemical equation.
	www.alexandria.k12.mn.us /jefferson/class/science/keq.htm (521 words)

	References
		Bohm, Peter, Deposit-Refund Systems: Theory and Applications to Environmental, Conservation, and Consumer Policy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press for Resources for the Future, 1981).
		Waage, Peter, "Use of Economic Instruments in Pollution Control Policy in Norway," in H. von Gunter Schneider and R. Sprenger, eds., Mehr Umweltschultz fhur weniger Geld (Munich: Ifo-Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung, 1984).
		Menell, Peter S. "Beyond the Throwaway Society: An Incentive Approach to Regulating Municipal Solid Waste," (1990) 17 Ecology Law Quarterly 655.
	www.wcel.org /wcelpub/4994_ref.html (4617 words)

	Bjørn Stærk blog - Modernizing Islam
		This is reflex - both on his part (is there any way one can criticize immigrant traditions that he would approve of?), and on the part of the journalist who called him for comments, knowing what he would say.
		Dagbladet's Peter Normann Waage reacts to such criticism coming from the government, and brushes the whole issue off with a summary of what he calls an an ongoing debate in Muslim communities that has led to the birth of a reformed Euro-Islam.
		If not, "but they're not all bad" is an irrelevant reply, unless Waage believes that Solberg really sees all European Muslims as traditionalists.
	blog.bearstrong.net /000532.html (2252 words)

	TROMBONE-L digest 83
		Over the years I have owned five different Bach 5Gs, and they ranged from 1.00=B2 in inside diameter to 1.03=B2.
		I have gotten so used to adjusting positions for "Song of India" that I have to really listen when I play the solo open.
		The older ones will have more variation in the rim size and profile, since the ones made on the computer-controlled machine should have no variation whatsoever.
	maillists.samford.edu /pipermail/trombone-l/2004-June/000082.html (6832 words)

	[No title]
		Apparently somewhere around high F the sound wavelength becomes so short that the length of the horn becomes a negligible factor.
		Later, Andy -----Original Message----- From: owner-trombone-l@lists.missouri.edu [mailto:owner-trombone-l@lists.missouri.edu]On Behalf Of Peter Soukup Sent: Saturday, August 05, 2000 10:19 AM To: Trombones and related issues forum.
		Roger -----Original Message----- From: Peter Soukup [mailto:psoukup@mindspring.com] Sent: Saturday, August 05, 2000 8:19 AM To: Trombones and related issues forum.
	www.trombone.org /trombone-l/archives/0008/000805_1767.txt (6769 words)

	law of mass action -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Fundamental law of chemical kinetics (the study of rates of chemical reactions), formulated in 1864–79 by the Norwegian scientists Cato M. Guldberg (1836–1902) and Peter Waage (1833–1900).
		The law states that the reaction rate of any simple chemical reaction is proportional to the product of the molar concentrations of the reacting substances, each raised to the power corresponding to the number of molecules of that substance in the reaction.
		fundamental law of chemical kinetics, formulated in the years 1864 to 1879 by the Norwegian scientists Cato M. Guldberg and Peter Waage.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9371485?tocId=9371485 (939 words)

	Equilibrium constants
		This allows chemists to use chemical equilibrium in large scale settings (industrial factors) and predicts the expected yield of products for certain equilibrium processes.
		This mathematical expression is termed an equilibrium constant expression (Law of chemical equilibrium) and was first described by two Norwegian chemists in 1864 called Cato Guldberg and Peter Waage.
		The value that is produced by this expression is given the symbol Keq or Kc.
	www.saskschools.ca /curr_content/chem30/modules/module5/lesson3/lesson3.html (301 words)

	WaWa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		WAAGE, Peter (1833-1900) Norwegian chemist, naturalist, educator, author, journalist - Norway 452-3
		WAGNER, John Peter "Honus" (1874-1955) American sportsman, baseball player.
		Born February 24, 1874 in Carnegie, Pennsylvania, he was an infielder, 1897-1917, mostly with Pittsburgh.
	www.philately.com /philately/biowawa.htm (3949 words)

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