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Topic: Peter the Great of Russia

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	Peter The Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Peter the Great was the fourteenth child of Alexei Mikhailovich, born on May 30, 1672, from his second marriage to Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina.
		Having ruled jointly with his brother Ivan V from 1682, with Ivan's death in 1696, Peter was officially declared Sovereign of all Russia.
		During his reign, Peter undertook extensive reforms: He created a regular army and navy, subjugated the Church to the state and introduced new administrative and territorial divisions of the country.
	www2.sptimes.com /Treasures/TC.2.3.6.html (206 words)

	Peter the Great (Peter I)
		In 1682 Peter was proclaimed Tsar at the tender age of 10.
		In 1712 Peter the Great moved the Russian capital to St. Petersburg and continued to channel all the country’s energy and resources into the construction of his European "paradise".
		Peter the Great was buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg.
	www.saint-petersburg.com /history/peter1st.asp (583 words)

	Peter the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Peter I, known as Peter the Great, was an unusually powerful and prepossessing ruler; his military achievements and westernizing reforms of the Russian government, army, and society laid the foundation of the modern Russian state.
		The war gave Russia its new Baltic coastline and proclaimed Peter as emperor of all the Russias.
		Peter's desire to strengthen Russia also speeded the trend toward the secularization and modernization of culture.
	members.aol.com /dkaplan888E/pete.htm (228 words)

	History & Culture of Russia / The Romanovs
		Peter was his father's youngest son and the child of his second wife, neither of which promised great things.
		Peter generated considerable opposition during his reign, not only from the conservative clergy but also from the nobility, who were understandably rather attached to the status quo.
		On December 25, 1761, Peter III, a grandson of Peter the Great, was crowned Tsar.
	www.geographia.com /russia/rushis04.htm (1381 words)

	Peter the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Peter the Great ruled Russia from 1682-1725, and in 1721 declared Russia an empire and himself the Emperor.
		Peter the Great was the youngest son of Tsar Alexis by his second wife.
		Peter was then chosen to rule but his older siblings staged a coup which resulted in Peter sharing the throne with his brother Ivan, under the regency of Ivan's older sister Sophia.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/history/russia/peter.html (437 words)

	Peter the Great of Russia
		Peter the Great (1672 - 1725) was proclaimed Tzar at age 10, but due to a power struggle had to rule under the patronage of his sister Sofia.
		Peter sent Russians to be educated in the West, and imported skilled labour, military and administrative experts from abroad.
		Peter was a big strong man, 2,04 meters (6' 8'' inches) tall, and unlike previous monarchs, not afraid of physical labour.
	www.didyouknow.cd /peter.htm (321 words)

	Russia Peter the Great and the Russian Empire - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current ...
		Peter was unsuccessful in forging a European coalition against the Ottoman Empire, but during his travels he found interest in waging war against Sweden, then an important power in northern Europe.
		Peter changed the rules of succession to the throne after he killed his own son, Aleksey, who had opposed his father's reforms and served as a rallying figure for antireform groups.
		Although he was a grandson of Peter the Great, his father was the duke of Holstein, so Peter III was raised in a German Lutheran environment.
	www.workmall.com /wfb2001/russia/russia_history_peter_the_great_and_the_russian_empire.html (1608 words)

	Peter the Great Biography (Ruler of Russia) — FactMonster.com
		Peter the Great was the Russian czar who transformed Russia from an isolated agricultural society into an Empire on a par with European powers.
		Peter III, king of Aragón and king of Sicily - Peter III Peter III (Peter the Great), 1239?–1285, king of Aragón and count of...
		Peter the Great - Peter the Great of Russia built St. Petersburg, and gave Russia a place among the nations of...
	www.factmonster.com /biography/var/peterthegreat.html (492 words)

	Absolutism
		Russia’s police force has always been a military one until the fall of the Soviet Union, and this was not simply a function of the development of communism in Russia.
		Another major project that Peter undertook in his demonstration of modernization was the abandoning of the old capitol at Moscow and construction of a new ultra modern one on the shores of the Baltic Sea.
		Peter disliked his oldest son intensely and felt that he would not make a good ruler, but law and custom dictated that the oldest son would automatically become the next czar upon the death of his father.
	www.clt.astate.edu /randersn/absolutism.htm (3006 words)

	::Peter the Great::
		Peter the Great was born in 1672 and he died in 1725.
		His self-given title was Peter the Great though he was officially Peter I. Peter the Great is credited with dragging Russia out of the medieval times to such an extent that by his death in 1725, Russia was considered a leading eastern European state.
		Peter the Great’s sheer physical presence seemed to indicate the way his rule would go.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /peter_the_great.htm (517 words)

	Russian Peter the Great, Peter the Great of Russia, Peter the Great Russia, pictures of Peter the Great, Peter the ...
		As a child of the second marriage of Tsar Aleksey, Peter at first was relegated to the background of Russian politics as various court factions struggled to control the throne.
		Under Peter, the army drafted soldiers for lifetime terms from the taxpaying population, and it drew officers from the nobility and required them to give lifelong service in either the military or civilian administration.
		The best illustration of Peter's drive for Westernization, his break with traditions, and his coercive methods was his construction in 1703 of a new, architecturally Western capital, St. Petersburg, situated on land newly conquered from Sweden on the Gulf of Finland.
	www.russiansabroad.com /russian_history_30.html (1029 words)

	AllRefer.com - Russia - Peter the Great and the Russian Empire - The Era of Palace Revolutions \| Russian Information ...
		Under Peter, the army drafted soldiers for lifetime terms from the taxpaying population, and it drew officers from the nobility and required them to give lifelong service in either the military or civilian a dministration.
		The best illustration of Peter's drive for Westernization, his break with traditions, and his coercive methods was his construction in 1703 of a new, architectu rally Western capital, St. Petersburg, situated on land newly conquered from Sweden on the Gulf of Finland.
		Russia's greatest reach into Europe was during the Seven Years' War (1756-63), which was fought on thre e continents between Britain and France with numerous allies on both sides.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/russia/russia20.html (1732 words)

	Harvard Gazette: Celebrating 'City on the Neva'
		Moving Russia's capital from Moscow to the cold, marshy banks of the Neva was part of Peter's Herculean effort to modernize Russia.
		Peter changed all this by forcing aristocrats and civil servants to move to cold, damp, decentralized St. Petersburg where the different branches of government were situated at great distances from one another.
		Peter employed architects from France and Italy to design the city, giving it a spacious, classical appearance very different from the typically Russian character of Moscow.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/2003/05.01/11-stpetersburg.html (675 words)

	Russian geography and history: Imperial Russia
		Peter the Great concentrated on achieving a window on the West, wresting the Baltic region from Sweden in 1721.
		Peter was deeply impressed by the advanced technology, warcraft, and statecraft of the West.
		Russia's great power status obscured the inefficiency of its government, the isolation of its people, and its economic backwardness.
	www.guidetorussia.org /geopolitics/imperial-russia.shtml (2738 words)

	[No title]
		Peter the Great was inspired by what he saw in western Europe on his travels.
		Invite students to demonstrate their knowledge of Peter the Great by adopting his persona\emdash writing in the first person as if they were Peter the Great.
		Peter sensed a large gap in his background and knowledge and set out to fill that gap by learning everything he could about the world beyond Russia's borders.
	school.discovery.com /lessonplans/programs/peter/peter.rtf (1658 words)

	Russian Lacquer Box - Peter the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Emperor Peter I Alekseevich (1672-1725), better known now as Peter the Great, was a son of the second tsar of the Romanovs, Aleksey Mikhailovich from his second marriage with Natalya Naryzhkina.
		In particular, Russia finished the 21 year "North" war against Sweden, a result of which was the return to Russia of some lands captured by Sweden at the beginning of the 17th century.
		Peter established several professional schools, the first Russian museum and public library, the Petersburg Academy of Science with a connected university and high school.
	www.lacquerbox.com /TSPG.HTM (824 words)

	Catherine the Great
		The Death of the Empress and the Reign of Peter III
		When Peter Ulrich was ten years old, his father died, and the claims to the throne of Sweden passed to his son.
		Peter was now 14 years old and it was time to look for a bride for him.
	members.tripod.com /~Nevermore/CGREAT.HTM (593 words)

	Amazon.com: Peter the Great- Part 1: Books: Robert K. Massie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In reading the biography of Peter, a great deal of insight is also gained into the society and politics of 17th-18th century Russia and Europe, which in the hands of any other historian might be written in a dry and abstract manner.
		Peter's virutes, his generosity, his energy, his intellectual curiousity, his personal loyalty, his desire to build his nation, his zest for manual labor, his lack of personal pretentiousness, are matched by his weaknesses, his irascibility, his wild carousing, his ruthlessness and his savagery.
		There are chapters on the overhaul of the Orthodox church that Peter imposed, on the reform of the bureacracy (and the creation of the later infamous table of ranks), the spread of education and the westernization of Russian society.
	www.amazon.com /Peter-Great-Part-Robert-Massie/dp/0786102667 (2154 words)

	The NDSU Libraries: Germans From Russia
		Peter the Great propelled Russia into the beginning of the 18th century.
		Censorship was imposed throughout Russia, and Catherine attempted to slam shut the window to the West less than a century after Peter had opened it.
		Peter the Great had built the wheels and Catherine set them in motion; there was to be no turning back.
	www.lib.ndsu.nodak.edu /grhc/history_culture/history/catherine.html (930 words)

	Russia Cell Phone Promotion - Peter The Great
		Peter Alexevitch, also known as Peter the Great, is certainly one of the best known Tsars of Russia.
		Peter opened Russia to the West, regained access to the Baltic Sea and Baltic trade and moved the Russian capital to St. Petersburg.
		Peter the Great also established the Senate as an important arm of the government, boosted national trade and organized the Russian army and navy.
	www.telestial.com /view_product.php?PRODUCT_ID=LPRM-RU01& (521 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Peter the Great and the Rise of Russia, 1682-1725
		Peter the Great and the Rise of Russia, 1682-1725
		He was still tarrying at Vienna, quite full of the desire of setting out for Italy; but, fervid as was his curiosity of rambling abroad, it was, nevertheless, speedily extinguished on the announcement of the troubles that had broken out in the bowels of his realm.
		This great emperor came in a few years to know to a farthing the amount of all his revenues, as also how they were laid out.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/petergreat.html (1701 words)

	Antipas Christadelphians: The Will of Peter The Great, Czar of Russia
		In the name of the most holy and indivisible Trinity, we, Peter the Great, unto all our descendants and successors to the throne and government of the Russian nation.
		The result cannot be doubtful; Russia will be possessed of the whole of the East, and of a great portion of Europe.
		Peter The Great -- 1672-1725, Emperor of Russia
	www.antipas.org /magazine/articles/will_of_peter_the_great.html (916 words)

	Face of Russia: Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Peter the Great (1682-1725) accelerated the worldly trends of the seventeenth century and made the power of the state absolute.
		Early in his reign, Peter traveled across northern Europe to learn the skills that Russia needed to grow and prosper, and to recruit foreigners to bring these skills to Russia.
		Peter’s early focus on administrative reforms and military campaigns consolidated Russia’s position in Europe, and his changes paved the way for the assimilation of Western ideas and art during subsequent reigns.
	www.pbs.org /weta/faceofrussia/timeline/1600/1689-1725.html (114 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Catherine the Great
		Catherine II (l762-1796), a German princess who became Empress of Russia after disposing of her ineffectual husband was one of the most successful European monarchs.
		She followed Peter the Great in seeing Russia (which had been part of an Asian Empire for centuries) as European Power.
		Peter the First, by introducing the Manners and Customs of Europe among the European People in his Dominions, found at that Time such Means as even he himself was not sanguine enough to expect....
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/18catherine.html (1476 words)

	Russia's Cultural Revolution - New York Times
		But whereas Peter presided over the consolidation and expansion of empire, Gorbachev precipitated its collapse.'' Today, she adds, ''frustrated, disappointed Russians quote Peter's example to criticize the incompetence and feebleness of post-Soviet rulers,'' Yeltsin certainly included.
		Among American historians, or historical writers, two may be singled out: Eugene Schuyler, the scholar-diplomat, whose two-volume biography of Peter (1884) was the first extended study in English based on Russian sources, and Robert K. Massie, whose vast ''Peter the Great, His Life and World'' (1980), heavily indebted to Schuyler, won a Pulitzer Prize.
		We are left with a Russia, at Peter's death, that is exhausted, confused and fearful -- the lachrymose praises of an opportunistic new elite notwithstanding.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9907E5D91E3EF933A1575AC0A96E958260 (524 words)

	The Baldwin Project: The Awakening of Europe by M. B. Synge
		Peter the Great had come from the heart of his great country, Russia; he had crossed the Baltic into Sweden, and thence had reached Holland.
		Peter the Great was working away in the dockyard at Amsterdam, when one day the Duke of Marlborough visited the docks to see him at work.
		Arrived in London, Peter the Great went over the large docks at the mouth of the river Thames.
	www.mainlesson.com /display.php?author=synge&book=awakening&story=peter (893 words)

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