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Topic: Petrov Defense

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	Federal Bureau of Investigation - FBI History - Famous Cases
		Petrov then suggested that the engineer should request a transfer to another area of the Grumman plant where he would be in a position to have access to a much larger variety of engineering data.
		Petrov instructed the engineer in the camera's operation and told him to use both the camera and the copying machine until he was certain he could operate the camera correctly.
		Petrov told the engineer that during the first three months of this new system, the drop-off points for the plaster bricks would be somewhere on Long Island.
	www.fbi.gov /libref/historic/famcases/petrov/petrov.htm (2465 words)

	stanislav petrov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Petrov was later investigated for his conduct during the incident.
		It is Petrov's belief that the investigators made him a scapegoat for the false alarm.
		Colonel Petrov was taken to the hospital for stress and later discharged from the military.
	www.star-cs.com /peterstar/petrov.html (1520 words)

	Scoop: Douglas Mattern: Five Minutes to Save the World
		Petrov to New York City to film interviews, his speech in the United Nations, which was held in Dag Hammarskjold Auditorium, and at other famous landmarks in the Big Apple to complete the film.
		Petrov believed in his gut and hoping with all that is sacred, that contrary to what the high tech equipment was reporting, this alarm was an error.
		Petrov explaining how he had morally prepared himself for the kind of decision he was forced to make on that fateful September night in 1983.
	www.scoop.co.nz /stories/HL0601/S00221.htm (1755 words)

	Stanislav Petrov - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stanislav Petrov was the officer on duty at the Serpukhov-15 bunker near Moscow on September 26, 1983, a time when the Cold War was at a peak.
		Petrov's dilemma was this: if he was disregarding a real attack, then the Soviet Union would be devastated by nuclear weapons without any warning or chance to retaliate, and he would have failed in his duty.
		Petrov is now a pensioner, spending his retirement in relative poverty in the town of Fryazino.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stanislav_Petrov (1698 words)

	BBC News \| Europe \| 'How I stopped nuclear war'
		Petrov's orders were to pass the information up the chain of command, to the then General Secretary, Yuri Andropov.
		Petrov's decision to disobey procedure was intuitive; "The thought crossed my mind that maybe someone had really launched a strike against us.
		Once a promising, twice-decorated young officer, Petrov took early retirement from the army and later suffered a nervous breakdown.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/198173.stm (372 words)

	Global Disaster Averted by a Forgotten Hero of Our Time
		For several minutes Petrov held a phone in one hand and an intercom in the other as alarms continued blaring, red lights blinking, and the computers reporting that U.S. missiles were on their way.
		In the midst of this horrific chaos and terror, the prospect of the end of civilization itself, Petrov made an historic decision not to alert higher authorities, believing in his gut and hoping with all that is sacred, that contrary to what all the sophisticated equipment was reporting, this alarm was an error.
		Petrov’s superiors were reprimanded for the computer error, and in the Soviet system, all in the group were automatically subjected to the same treatment.
	www.commondreams.org /views03/0923-11.htm (1094 words)

	WASpage
		Petrov’s promotion to the first line and the reunion of the Russian line as the Capitals second line has left Dainus Zubrus skating on the checking line with Chris Simon and Kevyn Adams.
		The defense is as strong as ever at this point with the resigning of Bryan McCabe.
		With a little shuffling in the defensive pairings, the Capitals have continued to play good defense and have increased their offensive role on the team.
	www.geocities.com /rokhedhockeynews/WASpage.html (1133 words)

	Petrov's Defence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Though this symmetrical response has a long history, it was first popularized by Alexander Petrov — a Russian chess player of the mid-19th century.
		In recognition of the early investigations by the Russian masters Petrov and Carl Jaenisch, this opening is called the Russian Game in some countries.
		The ECO codes for Petrov's Defence are C43 (for 3.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Petrov's_Defence (427 words)

	AWC - Nuclear Weapons Campaign Update
		Petrov is scheduled to accompany the film crew to the U.S. in September for interviews and lectures.
		Petrov's story is a reminder that conditions have not significantly changed since his heroic action in 1983.
		Colonel Petrov was eventually dismissed from the Army on a small pension and his health destroyed by the terrible stress of the incident.
	www.worldcitizens.org /award.html (910 words)

	The man who saved the world
		Petrov reasoned that a computer error had occurred, since the United States was not likely to launch just one missile if it were attacking the Soviet Union â” it would launch many simultaneously.
		Petrov still felt that the computer system was wrong, but there was no other source of information with which to confirm his suspicions.
		Petrov's dilemma was this: if he was disregarding a real attack, then the Soviet Union would be devastated by nuclear weapons without any warning or chance to retaliate, and he would have failed in his duty.
	help.lockergnome.com /general/man-saved-world-ftopict49602.html (978 words)

	The Moscow News
		Stanislav Petrov, now in retirement, is tired of talk about the "forgotten hero of the Cold War." He simply did his duty, he says.
		Petrov was not a regular T/O operations duty officer at the BMEWS command and control post.
		On the night of September 26, the electronic umpire apparently decided that it was time to pass the sentence and so alerted Petrov and his fellow officers to a launch: A missile had apparently been launched from a U.S. base.
	english.mn.ru /english/issue.php?2004-17-23 (1556 words)

	Important Insight - Nuclear War - Bright Star Sound
		Petrov had declared the attack warnings valid at that point, it is conceivable the Soviet leadership would have reasoned that if it were to delay its decision to launch a
		Petrov had declared the attack warnings valid, it is very likely the Soviet leadership would not have questioned the accuracy of his decision.
		Petrov was led to believe by the computer system he was monitoring that U.S. missiles were approaching the Soviet Union.
	www.brightstarsound.com /world_hero/insight.html (3167 words)

	War & Peace - Tribute to Petrov at UN
		On the night of September 26, 1983, Petrov was duty officer at Serpukhov, the Soviet Union’s main nuclear command and control center monitoring incoming signals from satellites.
		Petrov’s duty was to report the apparent attack to command headquarters to initiate an immediate counter attack.
		In the midst of the chaos created by the attack warnings Petrov, convinced that the alarm must be false, made an historic decision not to alert higher authorities.
	www.warpeace.org /article.php?story=20060117171158724 (547 words)

	Bill Geimer, Petrov's Secret, chapter 14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Corcoran and Petrov were alone in the living room of the Gaithersburg safe house.
		Petrov frowned, and with his eyes almost accused Martin of having sold out.
		Petrov put his elbows on his knees and sank his face into his hands, saying nothing.
	www.glenncourt.com /words/wwg_14.shtml (1459 words)

	Thank Stanislav Petrov Day \| Cosmic Variance
		Stanislav Evgrafovich Petrov is arguably the most influential person who ever lived, although I had never heard of him until seeing this post on Cynical-C and this tribute.
		Lieutenant Colonel Petrov was the officer on duty at the Serpukhov-15 bunker near Moscow with the responsibility of alerting Soviet command if there was any indication that the U.S. had launched a nuclear missile strike against the U.S.S.R. The response, of course, would be massive retaliation, and the deaths of many millions of people.
		Petrov’s action but failing to see the benefits you are enjoying owing to Jesus’ teaching and the consequences of His action.
	cosmicvariance.com /2006/04/15/thank-stanislav-petrov-day (6415 words)

	The Red Button & the Man Who Saved the World - a documentary film by Slawomir Grunberg - Log In Productions - ...
		By pressing the red button, Petrov would have sent the information up the chain of command to Jurij Votincev, the Commander in Chief of the Russian missile defense, and then to Jurij Andropov who was in charge of the new ‘nuclear suitcase’ and who would have undoubtedly call for a counterattack.
		Although Petrov had effectively saved the world from atomic war, he was not rewarded for his decision by the Russian army.
		Although Petrov's action was the right one at the time, according to Dr. Bruce Blair of the US Center for Defense in Washington DC, his logic was not necessarily correct because one of the US's plans was to launch just a few missiles to confuse the enemy.
	www.logtv.com /films/redbutton (1155 words)

	Stanislav Petrov Averts a Worldwide Nuclear War - Bright Star Sound
		That interview, in addition to other highlights of Stanislav Petrov’s trip to the United States, will be included in a documentary, The Man Who Saved the World, which is being produced by the Danish motion picture company Statement Film.
		Stanislav Petrov was in the United States Jan. 14-28, participating in many meetings and interviews.
		In a motion passed by the Senate in the Parliament of Australia June 23, 2004, Stanislav Petrov was commended for his actions in averting what could have become a worldwide nuclear war in 1983.
	www.brightstarsound.com (512 words)

	The Officers' Club: The Man Who Saved the World
		Petrov knew that the Russian early warning system had a history of flaws, and dismissed the alarm as a glitch.
		Petrov signalled the Soviet Rocket Forces and tenet commands: "false alarm." Petrov's gut instinct was right on the money, one of the USSR's space based warning satellites experienced a computer glitch that set off the klaxons at Serpukhov-15.
		The incident made Petrov politicaly unreliable in the eyes of the army brass, which -in the centralized Soviet system- was career ending.
	officersclub.blogspot.com /2006/02/man-who-saved-world.html (1216 words)

	The Summit in 1974: Team USSR Roster
		Vladimir Petrov obviously belongs to the list of the glorious centers in the Soviet hockey history.
		Petrov established himself as a sound 2-way forward.
		In defense, he was known for outstanding physical play equal to the level of the best Soviet blueliners.
	www.chidlovski.net /1974/74_playersru.asp?playerid=ru16 (128 words)

	Chess openings: Petrov Defense (C42)
		Morozovich also tried the Petrov twice this year with a score of (-2 in classical).
		The Petrov has a drawish reputation, largely due to the clearcut symmetry which gives White little if any advantage.
		I have a vast experience with Petrov from both sides of the board and my favorite off-beat line is 1.
	www.chessgames.com /perl/chessopening?eco=C42 (1186 words)

	GROUP C : Victory by Danes nothing to spit at
		Instead of passing the ball crisply out of defense, the Bulgarians nervously booted it anywhere and did not have a serious attack for 40 minutes.
		Martin Petrov ran through the Danish defense but rolled the shot tiredly at Sorensen.
		As Lucilio Batista waved the third yellow card, Petrov, the Bulgarian captain, spoke to him and was sent off.
	www.iht.com /articles/2004/06/19/danes_ed2_.php (585 words)

	The chess games of Alexander Petrov
		Alexander Dmitrievich Petrov was born on the 12th of February 1794.
		He learnt to play at the age of four and was St. Petersburg's best player by the age of twenty.
		An example of this is the Damiano defense.
	www.chessgames.com /perl/chessplayer?pid=31644 (580 words)

	TIME.com: Career In Crisis -- Sep. 27, 1954 -- Page 1
		The Petrov spy case, now being unfolded before a three-man Royal Commission in Australia, has produced few sensations about major Soviet espionage in Australia.
		As unfolded before the Royal Commission, Petrov's story and documents did not show any major betrayal of Australian military secrets, but it did imply that a web of fellow travelers had been spun into embarrassingly high corners of the late Labor government.
		Petrov had been provided with some "very confidential" information in a paper called Document J, prepared in part with information provided by Herbert Evatt's two private secretaries.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,820327,00.html (725 words)

	SovLit.com - "Interplanetary Chess Congress" by Ilf & Petrov
		Ilf was born on 15 October 1897 and Petrov on 13 December 1903, both in Odessa.
		Petrov's older brother was the writer Valentin Kataev.
		Petrov, the son of a teacher, also began as a news correspondent, although he worked briefly as a criminal investigator.
	www.sovlit.com /chess.html (3863 words)

	Learn more about List of chess openings in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		C73= Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defense, Richter variation
		C76= Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defense, Fianchetto (Bronstein) variation
		C79= Ruy Lopez, Steinitz defense deferred (Russian defence)
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/list_of_chess_openings.html (316 words)

	Chess Openings - Chess opening moves for the Beginner - Site Map
		Describes the objectives of the chess opening in a general sense, including the pawn structure, development of the pieces, control of the center of the board and safety of the king.
		Describes the Dragon variation of the Sicilian defense, it is a very sharp opening that results in a fl fianchetto along the kings side diagonal.
		Describes the Najdorf Variation of the Sicilian Defense is one of the most complex and respected of all chess openings.
	www.chess-openings.info /Site_Map.html (1520 words)

	WebRoots Library U.S. Miscellaneous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Although Petrov previously had said he did not require any confidential material, at this point he mentioned that any confidential information the engineer could provide would be "worth more." Future meetings between Petrov and the engineer continued on a almost monthly basis.
		Petrov, unaware of his impeding arrest that evening, promised to give the engineer his walkie- talkie unit at their next meeting.
		It might be noted, however, that at the time of his involvement in this case Vonsiatsky had made most of his guns available for police and civilian defense use.
	www.webroots.org /library/usamisc/fbicase7.html (14059 words)

	[No title]
		The penultimate game of the Kramnik-Shirov World Chess Council candidates final for the right to face Kasparov in October, an event that may not occur because of funding difficulties, was another study in the art of the draw.
		As Kramnik once more chose the Petrov Defense, Shirov was more than content to play for the draw as he was leading in the match, and draws were a safe way to maintain his advantage.
		The Petrov has a reputation as a drawing opening, and positions such as this show why.
	www.michess.org /archives/articles/draper/md_008.htm (641 words)

	Kasparov contra el Mundo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		My opinion on as the best answer against Kasparov is to choose 1..e5, to raise him with the Spanish opening, or a Petrov defense.
		The selection of the Sicilian defense (1..c5) is possible also, but this enters completely the preferences of the Champion, who frequently uses it with fl pieces.
		To raise to the World-wide Champion the Pirc defense to him, seems to me a serious mistake, because it leads to a fight where Black is restricted and with lack of space.
	www.ajedrez-de-estilo.com.ar /ade/notas/move1en.htm (376 words)

	Chessville - Instruction - Openings - The Study of the Opening Part Three, by Diego Acosta and Tony Hahn
		As it can be seen the student narrowed the study of his defense against 1.e4 into digestible chunks.
		Such an approach is entirely valid but you have to consider that the lines to be prepared will increase accordingly (i.e., Italian and Scotch openings among the many will be possible for White) and you will have to keep that in mind when pursuing such a demanding undertaking.
		As he could see, even in the French defense there are options from as early as the second or third move that mesh with the personality of the players accordingly.
	www.chessville.com /instruction/StudyOfTheOpening_PartThree.htm (2150 words)

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