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	Romania Petru Groza's Premiership
		Groza named Communists to head the army and the ministries of interior, justice, propaganda, and economic affairs.
		Groza named one National Peasant and one National Liberal minister, but he denied them portfolios and FND ministers hopelessly outnumbered them in the cabinet.
		Groza's government claimed the support of almost 90 percent of the voters.
	www.country-studies.com /romania/petru-groza's-premiership.html (909 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia
		Petru Groza (December 7, 1884 - January 7, 1958), nicknamed The Red Bourgeois by his political adversaries, was a leading political figure in interwar Romania who eventually became Premier of the state's coalition government from 1945 to 1952.
		Groza's prominent position within the National Democratic Front afforded him the opportunity to succeed as premier when, in January,1945, the government under General Nicolae Rădescu met stern opposition from notable Romanian communists Ana Pauker and Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej due to Rădescu's alleged failure to adequately deal with "fascist sympathizers".
		Groza flatly rejected the request, and relations between the two figures remained tense over the next few years, with Groza and the King differing on the persecution of war criminals and in the awarding of honorary citizenship of Romania to Stalin, in August 1947.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Petru_Groza (1903 words)

	Chronology
		March 6, 1945 - Forced by Soviet threats and tanks in Bucharest, a pro-communist government led by Petru Groza had to be accepted by the Romanians.
		With Soviet support, Petru Groza refused to resign and continued as premier.
		The King was forced by Petru Groza, with Soviet backing, to sign an abdication document or face a bloody civil war..
	home.att.net /~cdsabau/Mihai/english/cronologieen.html (2686 words)

	WORLD ENCYCLOPAEDIA - Romania - Petru Groza's Premiership (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Groza named Communists to head the army and the ministries of interior, justice, propaganda, and economic affairs.
		When Groza refused to step down, the king retaliated by retiring to his summer home and withholding his signature from all legislative acts or government decrees.
		Groza named one National Peasant and one National Liberal minister, but he denied them portfolios and FND ministers hopelessly outnumbered them in the cabinet.
	encyclopaedic.net /world/romania/25.php (1042 words)

	Communist Romania
		The Yalta Conference had granted the Soviet Union a predominant interest in Romania, the Paris Peace Treaties failed to acknowledge Romania as a co-belligerant, and the Red Army was sitting on Romanian soil.
		The king was not happy with the direction of this government, but when he attempted to force Groza's resignation by refusing to sign any legislation, Groza simply chose to enact laws without bothering to obtain Michael's signature.
		On November 8, 1945, an anti-communist demonstration in front of the Royal Palace in Bucharest was met with force, resulting in numerous arrests, injuries, and an undetermined number of deaths.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/c/co/communist_romania.html (2185 words)

	[No title]
		The key positions in the Groza government were occupied by communists: Teohari Georgescu was Minister of the Interior, Patrascanu Minister of Justice, and Gheorghiu-Dej, the General Secretary of the Communist Party at that time, occupied the post of Minister of Labor and Economy.
		It must be admitted, nonetheless, that under the Groza regime certain important national-minority cultural institutions were established, a start was made in organizing the literary life of the minorities, and minority representatives were elected to the nationality Secretariat of State and the Romanian Council of State and Council of Ministers.
		The greatest improvement that the Hungarians in Romania achieved under the Groza government was the opening of the Hungarian Bolyai University in Cluj, on the basis of a decree of June 1, 1945.
	www.hungarian-history.hu /lib/minor/min07.htm (5268 words)

	The Return to Romania and Communism
		Vasinski requested that King Mihai dismiss General Radescu from his post, and replace him with Petru Groza, the President of the Ploughmen's Front, a left-wing agrarian party.
		Thus, Petru Groza became the Prime Minister of Romania on March 6, 1945.
		He was the principal facilitator in the rise to power of the Communist Party and in the establishment of the new dictatorship under Soviet control.
	www.nizkor.org /hweb/people/c/carmelly-felicia/return-to-romania.html (847 words)

	Meister Éva, Meister Róbert: PRIME MINISTERS OF Romania 1939- 1990, Cold War History Research Center, Csaba Bekes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		GROZA, Petru (Chairman of the Council of Ministers) March 6 1945 - November 30 1946
		GROZA, Petru (Chairman of the Council of Ministers December 1 1946 - December 29 1947
		GROZA, Petru (Chairman of the Council of Ministers) December 30 1947 - April 14 1948
	www.coldwar.hu /html/en/finding_aids/prime_rom.html (577 words)

	The Fate of Transylvania (2)
		Although Groza trled to introduce a conciliatory policy toward the Hungarian minority, his success was limited, abuses continued, and all benefits of the autonomous position of northern Transylvania came to an end.
		By handing over all of Transylvania to the Groza government in March 1945, the Kremlin politicians played their trump card, consolidating that puppet regime and refusing to discuss boundary modification.
		This reversal of Communist policy concerning Hungary's territorial claims gave a basis for optimistic speculation, but later it became evident that the motive behind the change in Communist tactics was hope of winning the support of Hungarian public opinion.
	www.hungarianhistory.com /lib/ill/ill12.htm (3694 words)

	Death of a Plowman \| TIME
		"I am a very lucky man," said Rumania's burly, egotistical Petru Groza, "a sort of modern Midas." Born wealthy, he owned huge estates, was a director of many companies, served as a minister in the archconservative Cabinets after World War I, was a deputy in the Synod of the Rumanian Orthodox Church.
		A year later Groza helped the Communists undo the promises of Yalta for free elections by arranging an elaborately rigged election which confirmed Rumania's paltry Communist minority in power.
		Last week, at 73, Petru Groza died of intestinal cancer—the first and most unlikely front man the Communists used in their drive to sovietize Eastern Europe.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,868172,00.html (578 words)

	Comenius 1 History Project - Totalitarianism in Romania
		After 11 months of hesitation the western recognized Petru Groza's government, which had been imposed by force by the Russians and then signed the peace treaty with Romania (February 1947).
		The Anglo-Americans had not recognized Groza's government due to the fact that it did not represent the majority of the population but the communists and its allies.
		As a result of the refusal of the government to resign, an illegal refusal since the king had the constitutional right to appoint and dismiss the prime-minister, King Mihai I went on a "royal strike" refusing to sign the decrees and laws presented by the government to be approved.
	www.stevenson.ac.uk /comenius/articles/totalitarianism/ro_db/totrom_1d.htm (1666 words)

	The Return to Romania and Communism
		Vasinski requested that King Mihai dismiss General Radescu from his post, and replace him with Petru Groza, the President of the Ploughmen's Front, a left-wing agrarian party.
		Thus, Petru Groza became the Prime Minister of Romania on March 6, 1945.
		He was the principal facilitator in the rise to power of the Communist Party and in the establishment of the new dictatorship under Soviet control.
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/hweb/people/c/carmelly-felicia/return-to-romania.html (845 words)

	The Economic History and the Economy of Romania
		Vyshinsky went to King Michael and presented him with an ultimatum: Either appoint Petru Groza to replace Radescu or risk the annihilation of Romania as a political entity.
		Petru Groza as prime minister appointed Communists to head all of the major ministeries.
		Groza announced a 90 percent vote for the coalition dominated by the Communists.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/romania.htm (5915 words)

	Romania after the War (1945 - 1947)
		Because Groza refuses, it reached to ''royal strike'' when the suveran didn't want to sign the decrees of govern.
		The king hoped that through his deed to provoke Groza's resignation, but the latter gave up of king's signature.
		Under these terms, during the audience requested by Petru Groza and accorder by king Mihai, at 30th December 1947, under prim-minister's and Gheorghe Gheorghiu Dej's threatenings, the suveran is obliged to abdicate.
	media.ici.ro /history/eng10.htm (882 words)

	Post-War Romania
		After a heated exchange, Vyshinsky presented King Michael an ultimatum--either to appoint Petru Groza, a Communist sympathizer, to Radescu's post or to risk Romania's continued existence as an independent nation.
		After ridding themselves of all active political opponents, Groza and Gheorghiu-Dej met with King Michael in December 1947 and threatened him with a government strike and possible civil war unless he abdicated.
		The government soon promulgated a new constitution that incorporated complete paragraphs of the Soviet constitution and designated for the PMR a role analogous to that of the CPSU in the Soviet Union--the "leading political force" in the state and society.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/RomaPM.html (5417 words)

	The Hungarians in Transylvania:
		Stalin ordered Romania's King Michael to support Petru Groza as Prime Minister to preside over the "transition to the dictatorship of the proletariat." <7> Under Groza, minority representatives were sent to the Romanian Council of State and Council of Ministers.
		<8> Groza also supported the 1945 Nationality Statute which guaranteed rights and freedoms for national minorities.
		The agrarian reform law was designed to confiscate the land of Hungarians or Germans who had left their homes in order to escape from Antonescu or had retreated with the German Army.
	www.loyno.edu /history/journal/1994-5/Popham.htm (2538 words)

	City of Brasov
		Extraordinary pressure by Soviet authorities forced King Michael to appoint a procommunist government led by the fellow-traveler Petru Groza on March 6.
		Between the installation of the Groza government and parliamentary elections in November 1946, the Communist Party used its control of the security apparatus and other key government agencies to suppress the opposition.
		These indeed protested the communists' tactics, but, when they officially recognized the Groza government in February 1946 in return for the promise of early elections, they gave up any remaining leverage they might have had.
	www.brasov.ro /history/communist.php3 (1646 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Atâta vreme oraşul Ştei a purtat numele doctorului Petru Groza, şeful primului guvern comunist din România.
		Cum în acea prioadă la Ştei erau mii de ruşi, proaspătului oraş i s-a schimbat numele în 1958 - în Dr. Petru Groza.
		În locul lui Petru Groza, sculptorul local Adrian Sabău a realizat un altul, şi anume cel dedicat folcloristului Miron Pompiliu, după cel dintâi din curtea Şcolii Generale care îi poartă numele.
	www.stei.ro /diverse/4_bust_.htm (231 words)

	Index Gr-Gy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		On March 6, 1945, Andrey Vyshinsky, on a special mission from the U.S.S.R., forced King Mihai to accept Groza as prime minister.
		On Dec. 30, 1947, the king was obliged to abdicate.
		Groza remained prime minister until June 2, 1952, when he was elected chairman of the presidium of the Grand National Assembly (head of state).
	www.manic-raven.com /rulers/indexg4.html (13394 words)

	Index Gr-Gy
		On March 6, 1945, Andrey Vyshinsky, on a special mission from the U.S.S.R., forced King Mihai to accept Groza as prime minister.
		On Dec. 30, 1947, the king was obliged to abdicate.
		Groza remained prime minister until June 2, 1952, when he was elected chairman of the presidium of the Grand National Assembly (head of state).
	www.rulers.org /indexg4.html (15022 words)

	Cold War At A Glance
		Soviet pressure leads to the creation of a predominantly Communist goverment in Romania under the non-Communist Petru Groza.
		Romania's monarchy is taken over by the Communist Party.
		Romania has and continues to experience significant ethnic turmoil relating to ethnic minorities in Romania.
	www.geocities.com /cold_war_at_a_glance/Romania.htm (312 words)

	The End of Communism in Europe- Romania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		King Michael arrested General Ion Antonescu who the previous king had named dictator, and surrendered to the USSR (Soviet Union).
		In March 1945, a union cabinet was formed, led by Petru Groza, which had the main positions held by communists.
		In December 1947, King Michael gave up his power because of Communist pressure, leaving it to the Communists.
	www.sjr.mb.ca /MS/english/ek/8kg04/end/rom.htm (174 words)

	What Gives Romania A Bad Name?
		The communists gradually increased their ranks in the government, with Soviet support.
		A pro-communist government headed by Petru Groza took over power.
		On June 1946, Marshal Ion Antonescu was executed.
	www.georgiasouthern.edu /~mwagone2/romania.html (1304 words)

	Metcheck.com - Global Weather Forecasts - [Updated on 29 April 2007 at 6:00] - Weather Feeds - Live Data - Long Range ...
		Metcheck.com - Global Weather Forecasts - [Updated on 29 April 2007 at 6:00] - Weather Feeds - Live Data - Long Range Weather Forecasts
		Latest 48 hour Weather Forecast for Doctor Petru Groza
		Updated : 28 April 2007 : 04:31:31 PM
	www.metcheck.com /V40/AU/FREE/europe_forecast_48hrs.asp?locationID=2831 (172 words)

	Map of Dr. Petru Groza, , Romania Romania \| Multimap.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Map of Dr. Petru Groza,, Romania Romania
		View a printer friendly version of the map.
		These locations are nearest as the crow flies, but may not be nearest by road.
	www.multimap.com /wi/65681.htm (76 words)

	NationalAnthems.us Online Forum - Romania 1953-1977
		Thanks to Reinhard Popp for some information about this anthem and for the lyrics published in the Gazette as part of the decree from July 20, 1953.
		According to this decree signed by President Dr. Petru Groza, the new National Anthem of the Romanian People's Republic become effective on August 23, 1953 (national holiday).
		From the beginning of the 1970's, at first the second verse with the reference to the Soviet people was no longer sung.
	www.nationalanthems.us /cgi-bin/forum/YaBB.pl?num=1087860335 (580 words)

	Off the Beaten Path - Bucharest Travel Guide - VirtualTourist.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		While taking a stroll through the Mogosoaia garden I came upon two statues lying behind the old kitchen wall.
		One was the statue of Lenin and the other that of Petru Groza, the communist prime minister of the 1945 government.
		The statues were brought here after the 1989 revolution.
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Europe/Romania/Municipiul_Bucuresti/Bucharest-520545/Off_the_Beaten_Path-Bucharest-BR-2.html (1097 words)

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