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	Phacops rana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phacops rana (Eldgredgeops rana) is a species of trilobite from the middle Devonian period.
		Phacops rana and its related genus can be recognized by its large eyes (which remind some observers of a frog's eyes — the specific name rana is a reference to a common frog), its fairly large size (up to 6 inches long), and its habit of rolling up into a ball like a pill bug.
		Because of its abundance and popularity with collectors, Phacops rana was designated the Pennsylvania state fossil by the state's General Assembly on December 5, 1988.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phacops_rana (370 words)

	Open Adit™ - Phacopida (Phacops)
		Phacops is a genus of trilobites found as fossils in Silurian and Devonian rocks (between 345,000,000 and 430,000,000 years old) in Europe and North America.
		Phacops is a common and easily recognizable form, with its rounded rather than angular outline, globose head region, and large compound eyes.
		Phacops rana is one of the most common trilobite found in the Middle Devonian of North America.
	www.open-adit.com /fossil/phacops.php (360 words)

	Phacops rana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phacops rana is a species of trilobite from the middle Devonian period.
		In order to protect themselves from predators, Phacops rana, would roll into a ball with their hard exoskeleton on the outside as protection.
		The most striking feature of the morphology of Phacops and its relatives were their eyes.
	phacops-rana.ask.dyndns.dk (326 words)

	HOUSE BILL 2171 P.N. 2826 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		AN ACT 1 Designating the Phacops rana, a trilobite, as the official State 2 fossil of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
		Trilobites are so named 9 because their bodies are divided lengthwise into three parts or 10 "lobes." Phacops rana means "frog eyes" because of the large 11 holes for eyes on the fossil.
		Fossils of Phacops rana are found 12 in many parts of Pennsylvania, and, therefore, the Phacops rana 13 is selected, designated and adopted as the official State fossil 14 of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
	www.legis.state.pa.us /WU01/LI/BI/BT/1987/0/HB2171P2826.HTM (143 words)

	Pennsylvania Geological Survey: The State Fossil
		The firefly, for example is the state insect, milk is the state beverage, and the restored replica of Admiral Perry's famous flagship, the brig Niagara, is the official flagship of Pennsylvania.
		Phacops rana is a fossil organism known as a trilobite (pronounced “tri-lobe-ite”).
		Phacops rana is found in Pennsylvania's Devonian-age rocks (rocks between 405 and 365 million years old).
	www.dcnr.state.pa.us /topogeo/collecting/state_fossil.aspx (593 words)

	rana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phacops rana are best known for their self-defense mechanism and their elaborate eyes.
		In order to protect themselves from predators, Phacops rana would roll into a ball with their hard exoskeleton on the outside as protection, much like the pill bug of today does.
		The slightest amount of sediment would trigger their senses and the Phacops rana would be hidden in a tiny shelter.
	www.ma.iup.edu /courses/ls499/trilobite/phacops-rana.html (190 words)

	Mahantango Formation: Trilobites - Eldredgeops (Formerly Phacops) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Eldredgeops rana rana: A three-incher from Carbon County, PA.
		Eldredgeops rana rana: Eldredgeops was formerly known as Phacops.
		rana rana generally represents the arthropodic "rabbit" of the Middle Devonian seas from West Virginia to New York.
	mahantango.012webpages.com /arthropoda/trilobita/eldredgeops/eldredgeops.html (157 words)

	Pennsylvania State Fossil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Trilobites were arthropods -- relatives of modern insects and crustaceans -- and as such, had a segmented body, jointed appendages, and an exoskeleton.
		They were a very successful group throughout the Paleozoic Era, and went extinct at the close of that time in an event that wiped out over 90% of the species on earth.
		Because of its abundance and popularity with collectors, Phacops rana was designated the Pennsylvania state fossil by the General Assembly on December 5, 1988.
	www.statefossils.com /pa/pa.html (232 words)

	abstracts2_e
		Earlier, Miller and Clarkson (1980) were able to reconstruct three main stages of the post-ecdysially developing lenses in the schizochroal compound eye of the Devonian trilobite Phacops rana milleri Stewart 1927.
		Using an empirical quadratic function fitted on to the variation of focal length versus lens thickness, a probable series of change of form of the developing lens in Phacops rana milleri is reconstructed computationally.
		Figure 10}: Computational reconstruction of probable changes of form of the post-ecdysially developing lens in {\em Phacops} {\em rana} {\em milleri} as a function of the lens thickness $a$ using function $L(a)$ described by (19) and represented in Figure 9 with parameters $(q_1,q_2,q_3)$ of Table 1.
	angel.elte.hu /~poma/abstracts/abstract_computational.html (864 words)

	Pennsylvania State Fossil - Trilobite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Trilobite (Phacops rana) is a common fossil in many of the early to middle Paleozoic rocks of central Pennsylvania.
		Pennsylvania's state fossil can be recognized by its large, frog-like eyes ("rana" is a reference to a common frog), its fairly large size (up to 6 inches long), and its habit of rolling up into a ball like a pill bug.
		Because of the Trilobite's abundance and popularity with collectors, Phacops rana was designated the Pennsylvania state fossil in 1988.
	www.statesymbolsusa.org /Pennsylvania/Fossil_Trilobite.html (121 words)

	GeoFact No. 05, Ohio Trilobites
		From the 1920's to the 1970's, specimens of this species were collected by the thousands from a quarry near Sylvania, west of Toledo.
		Phacops rana has an inflated glabella and large, froglike eyes, hence the specific name of rana, Latin for frog.
		Almost all Ohio specimens of Phacops rana have been collected from shales of the Silica Formation of Middle Devonian age in quarries in northwestern Ohio.
	www.ohiodnr.com /geosurvey/geo_fact/geo_f05.htm (1386 words)

	Phacops Trilobite Specimens from The Nature Source Catalog
		Phacops Trilobite Specimens from The Nature Source Catalog
		Phacops rana africanus, Devonian Age, Hamar L' Aghdad limestone, Djebel Issoumour region, Moroccan Sahara, Africa.
		This is a good specimen of the phacops.
	www.nature-source.com /phacops.htm (152 words)

	The Christian Century
		Here is the miracle of a face, very nearly the first face in the fossil record, compounded by the prodigy of mineral vision.
		His winsome face can be studied as the working of natural selection upon minute genetic variations; but it can also be contemplated as a preliminary sketch of that face, prepared before the foundation of the world, which we are born seeking—an "echo of the beatific vision," as John put it.
		Perhaps when the gates of Jerusalem open and the blessed behold the woman clothed with the sun, they will see at her feet a Phacops rana, curled up in a beatific ball.
	www.christiancentury.org /article.lasso?id=1436 (817 words)

	Pennsylvania Symbols, Symbols, Fossil: Trilobite - SHG Resources
		A water animal measuring just one to four inches, the Phacops Rana lived and left its mark Pennsylvania more than 250 million years ago.
		A science class of elementary school students brought this tiny invertebrate to the attention of the House of Representatives.
		6 Phacops rana is a specific type of trilobite, a small sea
	www.shgresources.com /pa/symbols/fossil (775 words)

	Tufts Geology - Historical/Paleo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phacops rana from the Devonian Hamilton Group of New York (top and bottom center) and the Middle Devonian of Ohio.
		Phacops is a common trilobite genus throughout the Silurian and Devonian.
		It has a semi-circular cephalon, enlarged, bumpy glabella, and large compund eyes.
	ase.tufts.edu /geology/paleo/phacops.htm (56 words)

	Phacops rana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Rana family, who usurped control of Nepal from the mid-19th century until 1951, reducing the monarch to a figurehead and ruling through hereditary government positions
		A genus of frogs (rana is Latin for frog)
		La Rana is nickname for artist Diego Rivera, because of his purportedly frog-like appearance
	www.33beat.com /Phacops_rana.html (487 words)

	Re: Could Maclurites magma and Phacops rana grazed on the same floors/reef?
		Re: Could Maclurites magma and Phacops rana grazed on the same floors/reef?
		Could _Maclurites magma_ and _Phacops rana_ be found in the same fossil strata?
		_Phacops rana_ is a type of trilobite that lived during the Devonian period (405 — 365 million years ago).
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/Dec2002/1041291738.Zo.r.html (221 words)

	Swatara Fossil Pit
		As organisms died, their hard parts were focused into lens-shaped deposits by the waves and then covered with sediment.
		Now those deposits are great places to find examples of Pennsylvania's state fossil, the trilobite Phacops rana (see drawing, left).
		When you arrive at the fossil pit, the easiest place to start looking for fossils is in the rock that has been dumped in the middle of what used to be only a gravel parking lot (see photo, right).
	jamesandbrenda.faithweb.com /swatara_fossils.htm (789 words)

	Fossil collecting at Secor Metropark
		The Silica Formation of Middle Devonian age has long been known from exposures in limestone quarries in the vicinity of Sylvania, west of Toledo.
		The gray shale in the unit produces exquisitely preserved fossils, particularly brachiopods, and, most notably, a trilobite, Phacops rana.
		This fauna is the subject of Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 32, Fauna of the Silica Shale of Lucas County, by Grace A. Stewart, published in 1927 and now out of print.
	www.dnr.state.oh.us /geosurvey/oh_geol/96_fall/secor.htm (287 words)

	the trilobite Phacops rana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Strangely enough its close relatives are found 4,000 miles away in Northwest Africa.
		It is thought that a collision with Africa was the origin of the Appalachian Mountains, as they exist today.
		So the trilobite family of Phacops may not have had a very long swim at all!
	www.priweb.org /ed/earthtrips/Kashong/kg_phacops.html (113 words)

	Find in a Library: Systematics and evolution of Phacops rana (Green, 1832) and Phacops iowensis Delo, 1935 (Trilobita) ...
		Find in a Library: Systematics and evolution of Phacops rana (Green, 1832) and Phacops iowensis Delo, 1935 (Trilobita) from the Middle Devonian of North America.
		Systematics and evolution of Phacops rana (Green, 1832) and Phacops iowensis Delo, 1935 (Trilobita) from the Middle Devonian of North America.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/210ae2d248bc2ea4.html (111 words)

	18 Mile Creek in NY
		This is a flawless enrolled Phacops that I took 95% out of the matrix, with a pyratized shell 1/2" away
		Here is a plate with 3 phacops on it, although the center one is missing a head, and the lower left enrolled one is a little smooshed.
		Heres an enrolled one with the tail tucked way under, and a mangled phacops that didn't survive the trip home.
	www.fossilguy.com /sites/18mile/18_col2.htm (416 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Beautiful Morocco Phacops that was 100% Lab Prepped...
		Excellent details, including super eye facets and body details.
		This specimen is nicely arched over it's pedestal shaped matrix.
	www.indiana9fossils.com /MoroccoTrilobites/MoroccoPhacops.htm (27 words)

	Could Maclurites magma and Phacops rana grazed on the same floors/reef?
		Could Maclurites magma and Phacops rana grazed on the same floors/reef?
		I found that the fossil Maclurites is found in the floors of our state capital.
		Would it be possible to have found Phacops Rana feeding on the same floors as Maclurites magnus.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/2002-12/1041291738.Zo.q.html (108 words)

	Dr. Niles Eldredge
		Eldredge, N. Systematics and evolution of Phacops rana (Green, 1832) and Phacops iowensis Delo, 1935 (Trilobita) from the Middle Devonian of North America.
		Eldredge, N. Systematics of Lower and Lower Middle Devonian species of the trilobite Phacops Emmrich in North America.
		Two new subspecies of Phacops rana (Trilobita) from the Middle Devonian of north-west Africa.
	research.amnh.org /vertpaleo/eldridge1.html (2558 words)

	American Museum of Natural History
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		Ph.D., Columbia University, 1969 "Evolution of Phacops rana"
		A specialist in mid-Paleozoic phacopid trilobites, Dr. Eldredge, along with colleagues at Rochester and Harvard, formulated a theory challenging Darwin's premise that evolution occurs gradually.
	www.amnh.org /science/divisions/paleo/bio.php?scientist=eldredge (356 words)

	Phacops rana
		AGE - Middle Devonian (380 million years old)
		Phacops is one of the most common trilobites of the Devonian Period.
		Although several trilobites on this slab appear to be complete, the head or tail segments on most individuals are only slightly connected.
	www.priweb.org /collections/arth/tril/phacops.html (57 words)

	Pennsylvania Citizens for Science » Blog Archive » Is evolution in PA elementary schools?
		Teaching 3.3.4 D might be easily achieved using the evolution of Phacops rana, the Pennsylvania State fossil.
		It is a famous example of change over time (and it’s extinct).
		Here are some references, though I need to dig them up to make a better story.
	www.pacfs.org /wp?p=30 (248 words)

	Phacops rana norwoodensis Trilobites
		Rare Phacops rana norwoodensis Trilobite from Devonian Iowa
		Name: Phacops rana norwoodensis (Trilobites); Order Phacopida, Family Phacopidae
		Size (25.4mm=1 inch): 73 mm long (if straightened) by 25 mm wide on a 73 mm by 75 mm matrix
	www.fossilmall.com /EDCOPE_Enterprises/trilobites/trilobites-59/Trilobites-59.htm (129 words)

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