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Topic: Pharnaces

	Pharnaces II of Pontus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pharnaces II was the son of the great Mithridates, a famed enemy of the Roman empire.
		Pharnaces decided to seize the opportunity and, with the forces under his disposal, and against little opposition, made himself the ruler of Colchis and lesser Armenia.
		Pharnaces himself fled quickly back to the Bosporus, where he managed to assemble a small force of Scythian and Samaritan troops, with which he was able to gain control of a few cities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pharnaces_II_of_Pontus (626 words)

	Pharnaces (1)
		Pharnaces was the son of Arsames, who belonged to the minor branch of the Persian royal family, the Achaemenids; king Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid empire, was a very distant relative.
		Pharnaces was succeeded as chief economic official by Aspathines.
		Pharnaces had a son Artabazus, who was appointed satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia (northwest Turkey) in 477 and founded a local dynasty that was to rule the satrapy until the fourth century.
	www.livius.org /pha-phd/pharnaces/pharnaces.html (619 words)

	CHAPTER THREE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		With the use of intrigue and surprise, Pharnaces I was suddenly in possession of Sinop in 183 B.C. The annexation of the colonies followed.
		(19) Pharnaces II of Crimea, desiring his ancestral kingdom of Pontus, sailed across the Black Sea and was welcomed in Sinoph he defeated the Roman legion under Calvinus and become master of Pontus.
		Pharnaces fled to Sloop where he tried to hold out against Domitius Calvinus whom Caesar had sent to pursue him.
	www.tuslogdet4.com /sinop/ancient/chap03.htm (2105 words)

	Pharnaces II of Pontus - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Pharnaces II of Pontus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pharnaces II of Pontus - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Pharnaces II of Pontus.
		Pharnaces II of Pontus (63 BC - 47 BC), was the king of Pontus and son of the great Mithridates VI.
		Pompey had defeated Mithridates VI in 64 BC and gained control of much of Asia Minor, but Pharnaces II attempted to take advantage of the Roman civil war to retake territory for his kingdom.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Pharnaces-II-of-Pontus.html (188 words)

	Artabazus - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Artabazus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The elder Artabazus, son of Pharnaces, was one of the generals in Xerxes' invasion of Greece, in charge of the reserve forces guarding the route back to Asia, and responsible for suppressing a revolt in Potidaea.
		He was either succeeded by his son Pharnbazus, who is mostly unknown, or by his grandson Pharnaces, who is known to have been satrap at the outset of the Peloponnesian War.
		Pharnaces was in turn succeeded by his son, another Pharnabazus, who is well known from his rivalry with Tissaphernes and wars against the Spartans.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Artabazus.html (307 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 241 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For some time Pharnaces appears to have remained contented with the limits thus assigned him ; and we know no events of his reign during this period, except that he entered into extensive relations, both hostile and friendly, with the surrounding Scythian tribes.
		Pharnaces at first endeavoured to conciliate the conqueror by peaceful messages and offers of submission, with the view of gaining time until the affairs of Rome should compel the dictator to return thither.
		But the rapidity and decision of Caesar's movements quickly disconcerted these plans, and brought on a decisive action near Zela, in which the army of Pharnaces was utterly defeated, and he himself with difficulty made his escape with a small body of horsemen to Sinope.
	ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2575.html (971 words)

	Pharnace II
		As the war went on, many became discontent with his methods, and his son was at the center of a popular revolt of the subjects.
		The father fled to the Crimea and the son, Pharnaces II, continued the war with the Romans.
		Pharnaces was determined that the only way to be rid of the Roman presence was to attack them in the provinces of Armenia, Cappadocia and Galatia.
	www.ancientroute.com /people/Pharnace2.htm (125 words)

	CaesarAlexB - Books - b r a y d e n . o r g
		Hither he commended all the fascines to be brought, employing the servants of the army for that purpose, that the soldiers might not be called off from the works; because the valley, which divided the eminence, where he was intrenching himself from the enemy, was not above a mile wide.
		Great numbers being slain, and many crushed by the flight of their own troops, such as had the good fortune to escape were nevertheless obliged to throw away their arms; so that having crossed, and got upon the opposite ascent, they could not, being unarmed, derive any benefit from the advantage of the ground.
		Pharnaces himself escaped, with a few horse; and had not the attack on the camp given him an opportunity of fleeing without pursuit, he must certainly have fallen alive into Caesar's hands.
	www.brayden.org /twiki/bin/view/Books/CaesarAlexB (4644 words)

	Conspiracy and Death (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pharnaces, king of the Cimmerian Bosporus (the Crimea), had been a client of Pompey’s.
		Caesar arrived in late July in the vicinity of Pharnaces’ forces near the Pontic town of Zela.
		It is no exaggeration to say that nothing like them had ever been seen in Rome; the magnificent representation of his victories and the citywide festivities connected with them would be show-stopping demonstrations of the power that he had won.
	heraklia.fws1.com /conspiracy (4488 words)

	Veni Vidi Vici (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Despite the fact that Pharnaces was the only eastern king who remained neutral in the Roman civil war (as all other in the east had declared for Pompey) Caesar rebutted that only Pharnaces attacked Roman citizens, plundering and killing as he took advantage of the situation.
		Pharnaces took advantage and sought to delay Caesar as long as possible, hoping he would decide other matters were more urgent, but Caesar had lost patience.
		Pharnaces managed to escape with some cavalry but his entire army was slaughtered or captured in the overwhelming Roman victory.
	www.unrv.com /fall-republic/veni-vidi-vici.php (939 words)

	3954b AM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pharnaces, the son of Mithridates the king of Pontus and king of Bosphorus Cimmerius, heard that there was civil war among the Romans.
		Pharnaces was frightened by the approach of Caesar and sent ambassadors to treat for peace.
		Pharnaces, of his own accord in an uneven place attacked the Romans as they were fortifying their camp and terrified them.
	bennieblount.org /Online/Ussher/13.htm (22860 words)

	The Battle of Nicopolis - 47 BC (DBA Battle Scenario)
		In 47 BC, Pharnaces, the son of Mithdridates VI, invaded Cappadocia, Bithynia, and and lesser Armenia, threatening Rome's territories and allies in Asia Minor at a time when Julius Caesar was otherwise occupied in Egypt.
		Employing ambassadors in an unsuccessful attempt to delay Domitius, Pharnaces retired from Cappadocia to the vacinity of Nicopolis in lesser Armenia.
		Withdrawing to the city, Pharnaces prepared the field for the coming battle, digging two deep trenches at right angles to his battle line to protect its flanks.
	www.fanaticus.org /DBA/battles/nicopolis47bc.html (711 words)

	Life of Gaius Julius Caesar
		Pharnaces was simply able to role over the weak Asia kingdoms and provinces of Cappadocia, lesser Armenia, Pontus, and allied cities belonging to Bithynia.
		Pharnaces had noted this and asked Caesar for himself to submit in peace to the dictator of Rome.
		Pharnaces camped on a hill 3 miles from the town of Zela, where his father had defeated the Romans 20 years before.
	www.geocities.com /caesarkevin/caesar9.html (4482 words)

	Pontic (DBA 58) by Anu Arora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Behind the veil of the dust cloud, Pharnaces had ordered his scythed chariots and Galatian mercenaries to charge; the horsemen suddenly moved to the flanks of the Roman line to pin down their meager cavalry and, by the time the Romans spotted the chariots and Galatians, it was too late open ranks.
		For the remainder of his days as a general, Pharnaces utilized the same deployment: three lines of infantry, the flanks of the first line entrenched, with cavalry on the far side of either of the flank trenches.
		Pharnaces campaign of 61-57 BC made use of an army that fell back upon the gimmicks of Mithridates' original force.
	www.fanaticus.org /dba/armies/dba58.html (1704 words)

	history3.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mithridates was forced to flee to the Crimean where, while attempting to reorganize his army, the troops mutinied under the leadership of his son, Pharnaces, in 63 B.C. Upon hearing of the revolt, Mithridates committed suicide after ordering the death of his sisters and wives by his chief eunuch.
		To win the favor of the Romans, Pharnaces sent the mutilated and virtually unrecognizable body of his father as a peace offering across the sea to Sinop.
		Caesar advanced into Syria, meeting Pharnaces near Zela on August 2, 47 B.C. Pharnaces was defeated and the victory of the Romans was announced by Caesar in his famous dispatch: "Vini, vidi, vici", or "I came, I saw, I conquered".
	www.tuslogdet4.com /sinop/priest/history3.htm (2187 words)

	Pharnaces II - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Pharnaces II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He allied himself with the Roman military leader Pompey against Julius Caesar in the civil war, but was defeated by Caesar at Zela 47.
		In the same year Pharnaces was killed in battle against Bosporan rebels.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Pharnaces+II (119 words)

	The Green Head - Shopping : Shop - The Last King : Rome's Greatest Enemy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Through Pharnaces' eyes, we see the successive rise and fall - and back again, not once, but several times - of Mithridates' military fortunes, as he fights against leading Roman politicians and generals such as Lucullus, Sulla and Pompey.
		Your vantage point of Mithridates is given by his bastard but favoured son, Pharnaces, who worships and strives to emulate his larger-than-life father.
		The Roman Empire is seen from a refreshing viewpoint, clearly coloured from Pharnaces' bias, easy to discern where artist's license is taken to cleverly add psychological insight into these lesser known 'barbarians'.
	www.thegreenhead.com /emporium/index.php?Operation=CustomerReviews&ItemId=0312275390&ReviewPage=2 (1318 words)

	Pharnaces (2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pharnaces was the son of a Persian nobleman named Pharnabazus, who was satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, i.e., the northwest of what is now Turkey.
		The family belonged to the highest Persian elite: its founder was another Pharnaces, who had been mayor of the palace of his cousin, king Darius I the Great.
		Pharnaces is mentioned for the last time in 422.
	www.livius.org /pha-phd/pharnaces/pharnaces02.html (165 words)

	Mitridate, re di Ponto (Mithridates King of Pontus) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Aspasia, betrothed to Mithridates, is loved by his two sons, Pharnaces and Xiphares and reciprocates the love of the latter.
		Pharnaces conspires with the Roman Marcius against his father, but Mithridates, rumoured dead in his struggle against the Romans, returns, fearing the disloyalty of both of his sons, but reassured by Arbates of the loyalty of Xiphares.
		Pharnaces is betrothed to the Parthian Ismene, whom he rejects, and Mithridates, now about to renew his warfare against Pompey, distrusts Aspasia and imprisons both his sons when Pharnaces reveals the love of Xiphares for Aspasia, although Xiphares had honourably decided to leave Aspasia and Pontus.
	www.naxos.com /NewDesign/fintro.files/bintro.files/operas/Mitridate_re_di_Ponto(Mithridates_King_of_Pontus).htm (335 words)

	Pharnaces
		Pharnaces could readily see that opposition to Rome was futile, and therefore revolted against his father Mithridates VI.
		After things settled down, Pharnace gathered together the reins of government while Caesar and Pompey were at odds with one another.
		The victory was so easy that it gave birth to the famous remark by Caesar: "Veni, vidi, veci", (I came, I saw, I conquered).
	www.ancientroute.com /people/pharnac2.htm (74 words)

	IRANIAN ART & ARCHAEOLOGY: ACHAEMENID DYNASTY ACHAEMENID DASCYLIUM - (The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies - ...
		In the late 460s he commanded troops in Achaemenid campaigns against Egyptian and Cypriote rebels (Diodorus, 11.74.6, 11.77.1-4, 12.3-4), and he probably left the affairs of Dascylium in the hands of his son Pharnabazus, for in the 430s Pharnaces, son of Pharnabazus, was satrap; Pharnaces remained active through the 420s (Thucydides, 2.67, 5.1).
		Pharnaces' son Pharnabazus ruled Dascylium from at least as early as 413 until 388/7 B.C.E. (Thucydides, 8.108; Table 3).
		One group of lesser officers from a cadet branch of the house of Pharnaces produced the dynasty that ruled Pontic Cappadocia (q.v.) after 302 (Diodorus, 16.90.2, 19.40.2, 20.111.4).
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/Archaeology/Hakhamaneshian/dascylium.htm (2195 words)

	Julius Caesar
		Leaving Egypt, Caesar sailed with Legio VI to Syria, where king Pharnaces of Pontus was engaged in a bloody campaign to reclaim the old kingdom of Pontus from the Romans.
		Caesar advanced on the camp of Pharnaces near the town of Zela.
		At dawn, Pharnaces drew up his army in battle order and charged suddenly across the valley in a full-scale attack.
	www.koiosworks.com /rome/battles_zela.htm (164 words)

	AllRefer.com - Pharnaces II (Ancient History, Middle East, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Pharnaces II (Ancient History, Middle East, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > Ancient History, Middle East, Biographies > Pharnaces II
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Pharnaces II
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/Pharnace.html (177 words)

	The True Authorship of the New Testament (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When Cleopatra, a Piso relative, seduced Caesar it is possible that she was conspiring with her relative Pharnaces II, king of Pontus, to distract Caesar while Pharnaces prepared to wage war against Rome.
		But Caesar got wind of the activities of Pharnaces and rushed to Pontus with two legions, one of which was almost entirely composed of Jewish troops.
		Caesar turned the tables on Pharnaces that led to Caesar's assassination and the eternal hatred of Caesar by the people of Pontus, including his own wife.
	www.fargonasphere.com /piso (8226 words)

	Index of names: Ph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		183/23 ceives envoys from Eumenes, Pharnaces, and Philippus, and from Rhod
		183/23 from Eumenes, Pharnaces, and Philippus, and from Rhodes, Sparta and
		182/20 Ariarathes, Pharnaces, and Philippus, and from the Spartans and
	www.attalus.org /names/Ph.html (3123 words)

	Ravenna: Negotiating for Three Ships
		Pharnaces, Decimus’ nomenclator, stood with his master and awaited direction.
		But, I trust your eye, and you had noted less than an hour ago that she had a fine bow and that the main mast looked particularly durable.
		Pharnaces smiled and went off with haste to follow his master’s orders.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/513137 (502 words)

	Hampden Latin
		Shortly thereafter she gave birth to Caesarion, claiming he was Caesar's son.
		Caesar went to Asia Minor to mop up opposition to him - Pharnaces, king of Crimea, was a client of Pompey's and threatened Roman lands in Pontus.
		He is reported to have commented on how wonderful it was for Pompey to have built up his reputation against such poor stiffs.
	www.ha.sad22.us /BenJohnson/idesofmarch.html (1043 words)

	Index of names: Eu - Ez (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		182/20 Envoys from Eumenes, Ariarathes, Pharnaces, and Philippus, and from
		181/7_ Pharnaces in the war against Eumenes, because of the terms of the
		179/3_ Pharnaces and Eumenes agree to peace terms.
	www.attalus.org /names/Eu.html (1402 words)

	Amazon.ca: Customer Reviews Books: The Last King: Rome's Greatest Enemy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was apparent that the victors of the battles depicted in the book were the ones who did not rely on their explicit talents, but instead, those who used their cunning intellect to overcome the odds stacked against them.
		Pharnaces's fierce loyalty to his father, the King, and his sometimes conflicting loyalty to his men provides a subplot that in itself might have made a fascinating topic for historical fiction.
		There is zero character development in the entire book beyond the narrator, Pharnaces, occasionally getting mad at his father Mithridates for inexplicable reasons.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/books/0312275390/customer-reviews (1912 words)

	Stirrings in the Northern Euxine
		The lands to the north of the Euxine, nominally under the control of Pontus and King Mithridates VI, have been the source of rampant rumors.
		Pharnaces, son of Mithridates and governor of those lands, seems to be withdrawing support from his father and setting up to take over whatever is left of the Pontic kingdom after the war against the Romans is finished.
		Favonius, an envoy from Pharnaces has arrived to discuss terms of peace with Pontus, declaring Pharnaces 'King Pharnaces II of Pontus'.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/274999 (188 words)

	History Social Studies Teaching Method Page
		Pharnaces (far-na-kees) II; 63-47 B.C. Pharnaces engaged Julius Caesar in battle at Zela in 47 A.D., the same place his father had earlier defeated the Romans.
		In this battle, Pharnaces' army attached scythes or knives to the wheels of their chariots and charged the Romans up a steep hill.
		Caesar’s victory was swift, and he issued a report to Rome saying, "Veni-Vidi-Vici" or "I came, I saw, I conquered." Some say that Pharnaces looked a lot like his father.
	www.ancienthistory.com /intro.shtml (1495 words)

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