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Topic: Pharyngeal consonant

Related Topics

Epiglottal consonant

Dorsal consonant

Uvular consonant

Glottal consonant

Linguolabial consonant

Coronal consonant

Interdental consonant

Velar consonant

Consonant

Flap consonant

Dental consonant

Alveolar consonant

Labiodental consonant

Alveolar

Retroflex consonant

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Voiceless pharyngeal fricative
		A pharyngeal consonant is a type of consonant which is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
		Postalveolar (or palato-alveolar) consonants are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue between the alveolar ridge (the place of articulation for alveolar consonants) and the palate (the place of articulation for palatal consonants).
		Glottal consonants are consonants articulated with the glottis.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Voiceless-pharyngeal-fricative (3276 words)

	Epiglotto-pharyngeal consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An epiglotto-pharyngeal consonant is a newly reported type of consonant, articulated with the epiglottis against the back wall of the pharynx.
		This contrasts with the pharyngeal consonants, where the root of the tongue contacts the back wall of the pharynx, and prototypical epiglottal consonants, where the aryepiglottal folds contact the epiglottis.
		Epiglotto-pharyngeal consonants have been reported (and videotaped) in one language, the Formosan language Ami of Taiwan, which has an aspirated stop and, apparently, a fricative as phrase-final allophones of its (ary)epiglottal consonants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Epiglotto-pharyngeal_consonant (198 words)

	Consonant - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The word consonant comes from Latin meaning "sounding with" or "sounding together", the idea being that consonants don't sound on their own, butonly occur with a nearby vowel, which is the case in Latin.
		Consonant letters in the English alphabet areB, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Z, and sometimes Y— the letter Y stands for the consonant [j] in "yoke" but for the vowel [i] in "myth", for example.
		The phonation method of a consonant is whether or not the vocal cords are vibrating during articulation of a consonant.
	www.world-knowledge-encyclopedia.com /?t=Consonant (589 words)

	Institute of Phonetic Sciences,
		That the jaw accommodates the pharyngeal consonant position, and not the vowel position, suggests that the temporal pattern governing the syllable(s) is controlled by the jaw.
		Mechanical constraints on the jaw movement owing to pharyngeal articulation are significantly affecting the structure of the Arabic language, both at the prosodic and the segmental level.
		Consonants in a given sequence are selected according to their compatibility to preserve the temporal aspects of the syllable structure.
	www.fon.hum.uva.nl /Proceedings/Proceedings24/Proc24_artikelElgendy.html (2687 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pharyngealization
		A mathematical model of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing can be used as an adjunct tool for clinical evaluation of the effects of changing bolus volume, bolus properties, and/or forces without exposing the individual to uncomfortable procedures and excessive radiation.
		The inherent difficulty of the pharyngeal bolus transport is its complex and moving geometry.
		Movements of the anterior pharyngeal wall are currently "lumped" together with the posterior pharyngeal wall motion to represent a peristaltic pharyngeal wall action.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pharyngealization (262 words)

	Epiglottal consonant - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		An epiglottal consonant is a consonant that is articulated with the aryepiglottal folds (see larynx) against the epiglottis.
		On several occasions, when supposedly pharyngeal consonants were actually measured, they turned out to be epiglottals.
		It is likely that several of the Salish or Wakashan languages of British Columbia reported to have "pharyngeals" actually have epiglottals, and the same may be true of some of the languages of the Caucasus.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Epiglottal_consonant (341 words)

	Ilya Writing
		In the cases of vowel pairs the first vowel is a spread vowel, where the corners of the mouth are held far apart, and the second is a rounded vowel, where the lips are held in an "o" shape.
		With consonant pairs, the first is unvoiced (no vocal cord vibration), the second is voiced, said exactly the same way, but with the vocal cords vibrating.
		Pharyngeal Consonant, the root of the tongue is retracted toward the back of the throat.
	homepage.mac.com /pfhreak/ilya/writing/letters.html (548 words)

	Interdental consonant Information
		Interdental consonants are produced by placing the blade of the tongue against the upper incisors.
		This differs from a dental consonant in that the tip of the tongue is placed between the upper and lower front teeth, and therefore may articulate with both the upper and lower incisors, while a dental consonant is articulated with the tongue against the back of the upper incisors.
		The most commonly occurring interdental consonants are the non-sibilant fricatives (sibilants may be dental, but do not appear as interdentals).
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Interdental_consonant (309 words)

	Consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The word consonant comes from Latin and means "sounding with" or "sounding together", the idea being that consonants don't sound on their own, but only occur with a nearby vowel, which is the case in Latin.
		Since the number of consonants in the world's languages is much greater than the number of consonant letters in any one alphabet, linguists have devised systems such as the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to assign a unique symbol to each possible consonant.
		Consonant letters in the English alphabet are B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Z, and usually Y: The letter Y stands for the consonant [j] in "yoke" but for the vowel [ɪ] in "myth", for example.
	www.vacilando.org /_cliextra/baghdadmuseumorg/includepage.php?title=Consonant&action=edit (703 words)

	Epiglotto-pharyngeal consonant - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An epiglotto-pharyngeal consonant is a newly reported type of consonant, articulated with the epiglottis against the back wall of the pharynx.
		This contrasts with the pharyngeal consonants, where the root of the tongue contacts the back wall of the pharynx, and prototypical epiglottal consonants, where the aryepiglottal folds contact the epiglottis.
		Epiglotto-pharyngeal consonants have been reported (and videotaped) in one language, the Formosan language Ami of Taiwan, which has an aspirated stop and, apparently, a fricative as phrase-final allophones of its (ary)epiglottal consonants.
	en.wikilib.org /wiki/Epiglotto-pharyngeal_consonant (176 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Artery = ascending pharyngeal, ascending palatine, descending palatine
		}} The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the neck and throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and cranial, or superior, to the esophagus, larynx, and trachea.
		The superior wall consists of the inferior surface of the soft palate and the uvula.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=pharynx (367 words)

	Palatal consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).
		Consonants with other primary articulations may be palatalised, that is, accompanied by the raising of the tongue surface towards the hard palate.
		For example, English [S] (spelled sh) has such a palatal component, although its primary articulation involves the tip of the tongue and the upper gum (this type of articulation is called palatoalveolar).
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Palatal (118 words)

	Pharyngeal consonant
		A pharyngeal consonant is a type of consonant which is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
		Pharyngeals are known primarily from two areas of the world: in North-Africa/Mideast (in the Semitic, Berber, Cushitic, Circassian, and Dagestanian families) and in British Columbia (in the Wakashan and Salish families).
		In Finnish, a weak pharyngeal fricative is the; realization of /h/ next to the vowel /a/, but since this is mere allophony, it is transcribed as /h/.
	www.ekenjy.co.za /wiki/Pharyngeal_consonant (335 words)

	Voiceless pharyngeal fricative: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The voiceless pharyngeal fricative is a type of consonant (consonant: A speech sound that is not a vowel) al sound, used in some spoken (spoken: speech:...
		It is an oral consonant (oral consonant: an oral consonant is a consonant sound in speech that is made by allowing air to...
		It is a central consonant (central consonant: more facts about this subject), which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative (238 words)

	Voiceless pharyngeal fricative - TheBestLinks.com - Consonant, Fricative consonant, Glottis, International Phonetic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Its place of articulation is pharyngeal which means it is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx
		It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the center of the tongue, rather than the sides.
		The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.html (228 words)

	The world's top consonant websites
		The word consonant comes from Latin meaning "sounding with" or "sounding together", the idea being that consonants don't sound on their own, but only occur with a nearby vowel, although this conception of consonants does not reflect a modern linguistic understanding of consonants, which defines consonants in terms of vocal tract constrictions.
		Since the number of consonants in the world's languages is much greater than the number of consonant letters in most alphabets, linguists have devised systems such as the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to assign a unique symbol to each possible consonant.
		The place of articulation is where in the vocal tract the articulators of the consonant act, such as bilabial, alveolar, or velar.
	dirs.org /wiki-article-tab.cfm/consonant (602 words)

	Palatal Rehabilitation After Cleft Palate Surgery
		The sixth muscle, the superior constrictor, constitutes the lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls and Passavant's ridge (found in 20% of the normal population).
		All muscles are innervated by the pharyngeal plexus (Cranial Nerve X) with the exception of the tensor veli palatini (Cranial Nerve V) and the levator veli palatini (Cranial Nerve VII).
		Pharyngeal augmentation can be used in patients with mild velopharyngeal insufficiency with an anteroposterior velopharyngeal gap of less than five centimeters, provided lateral pharyngeal wall mobility is adequate.
	www.bcm.edu /oto/grand/2493.html (1448 words)

	Velar consonant - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of thetongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of theroof of the mouth, known also as the velum).
		Since the velar region of the roof of the mouth is relativelyextensive and the movements of the dorsum are not very precise,velars easily undergo assimilation, shifting their articulation backor to the front depending on the quality of adjacent vowels.
		The velar consonants identified by the International PhoneticAlphabet are:
	www.world-knowledge-encyclopedia.com /?t=Velar_consonant (161 words)

	Rendille
		When obstruent and nasal consonants would occur in preconsonantal position as the result of vowel deletion, as in (c) and (d), the obstruent/nasal and the liquid metathesize and the obstruent/nasal consonants surface in prevocalic position (Heine 1976, Oomen 1981, Sim 1981).
		Acoustic and Auditory Similarity(Hume 1997, 1998): The contiguity of a consonant to a vowel with similar perceptual cues are a motivating factor of Rendille metathesis.
		The syntagmatic contrast between a pharyngeal consonant and adjacent low vowel with respect to place of articulation is therefore relatively weak.
	www.ling.ohio-state.edu /~mcarmstr/mirror/Rendille.html (836 words)

	Place of articulation
		Pharyngeal, behind the velum (the muscles used to suppress a belch and/or other less pleasant phenomena)
		Spanish written "l" vs. "ll"; Hindi with dental, palatal, and retroflex laterals; and numerous Native American languages with not only lateral approximants, but also lateral fricatives and affricates.
		Some Northeast Caucasian languages have five, six, or even seven lateral consonants.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/p/pl/place_of_articulation.html (450 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Pharyngealization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pharyngealisation is a secondary articulation of consonants or vowels by which the pharynx is constricted during the articulation of the sound.
		Ubykh, a Northwest Caucasian language formerly spoken in Russia and Turkey, uses pharyngealisation in 14 pharyngealised consonants.
		Salishan, Sahaptian) in the Plateau culture area of North America also have pharyngealization processes triggered by pharyngeal or pharyngealized consonants that affect vowels.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Pharyngealization (258 words)

	Consonant@Everything2.com
		Every consonant in every human language can be described in a few simple parameters.
		An articulate sound which in utterance is usually combined and sounded with an open sound called a vowel; a member of the spoken alphabet other than a vowel; also, a letter or character representing such a sound.
		All the consonants excepting the mutes may be indefinitely, prolonged in utterance without the help of a vowel, and even the mutes may be produced with an aspirate instead of a vocal explosion.
	www.everything2.org /index.pl?node=consonant (286 words)

	Pharyngealisation at AllExperts
		Pharyngealisation or pharyngealization is a secondary articulation of consonants or vowels by which the pharynx is constricted during the articulation of the sound.
		Ubykh, a Northwest Caucasian language formerly spoken in Russia and Turkey, uses pharyngealisation in 14 pharyngealised consonants.
		Salishan, Sahaptian) in the Plateau culture area of North America also have pharyngealization processes triggered by pharyngeal or pharyngealized consonants that affect vowels.
	en.allexperts.com /e/p/ph/pharyngealisation.htm (204 words)

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