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Topic: Phase change material

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	Phase Change Material - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Phase Change Material (PCM) is a substance with a high heat of fusion which, melting and solidifying at certain temperatures, is capable of storing or releasing large amounts of energy.
		Phase change materials perform best in small containers, which therefore are usually divided in cells.
		The packaging material should conduct heat well; and it should be durable enough to withstand frequent changes in the storage material's volume as phase changes occur.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phase_change_material (313 words)

	Phase change material with inhibitor and a method of making the same - Patent 6784356
		Additionally, because of insolubility of magnesium hydroxide in the phase change material and the relative densities of magnesium hydroxide and the phase change material, the clumps promptly settle to the bottom of the chamber where the magnesium hydroxide is relatively inactive, thus further reducing what buffering advantage might be otherwise obtained from the hydroxide.
		In this phase change material, the aqueous material necessary to substantially reduce the density change during phase transformation may be substantially provided by the hydrated sodium tetraborate, or by the hydrated sodium tetraborate and such additional aqueous material as is necessary to density-stabilize the phase change material.
		All of the phase change materials were prepared by combining: a) a composition of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and lithium nitrate at or near a composition of 83.7:16.3 by weight percent, b) a tetraborate inhibitor, and c) a sufficient amount of water to density-stabilize the phase change material.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6784356.html (4360 words)

	Material
		Fissile material Fissile material is composed of [1] uranium-233 uranium-235 [1] plutonium-239 plutonium-241 [1] [1] "Fi...
		Material safety data sheet A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a...
		Material scattering Material scattering : Of an scattering that is attributable to the intrinsic properties of the mater...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/material.html (464 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040195604
		The portion of the phase-change material layer extending into the recess of the first electrode may be a tapering tip of a vertical part of the phase-change material layer that contacts the first electrode at the contact area.
		A phase-change material layer is disposed in the second opening and on the second insulation layer and a second electrode is on the phase-change material layer.
		Forming a phase-change material layer includes forming a second insulation layer on the first electrode layer, patterning the second insulation layer to have a second opening exposing the recessed slope part of the first electrode layer and forming a phase-change material layer on the second insulation layer to fill the second opening.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20050055982".PGNR.&OS=DN/20050055982&RS=DN/20050055982 (7406 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Phase change materials may be repeatedly converted between solid and liquid phases, and utilize their latent heat of fusion to absorb, store and release heat or cool during such phase conversions.
		The use of neat phase change material is desirable because it results in the largest ratio of volume of phase change material to total volume of the pellet.
		Depending on the properties of the phase change material selected, it may be necessary for the phase change material to be in the liquid state in order to crimp the tubing material.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/06195.010125&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5353 words)

	Phase-change memory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phase-change memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory based on a phase change material who's resistance changes depending on the mechanical phase of the material.
		Chalcogenides are similar to the material in writable CD-RW and DVD-RAM disks, although the changes in phase result in electrical changes as opposed to optical ones.
		In practice the high power needed to heat the material is roughly the same as that needed for Flash, Samsung notes that it takes about 0.8mA for 50ns to RESET a cell to zero, and 0.4mA for 100ns to SET it to one.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ovonic_Unified_Memory (866 words)

	Interface Material - Phase Change Interface Materials from Thermaflo
		Standard phase change materials are typically a polymer/carrier filled with a thermally conductive filler, which changes from a solid to a high-viscosity liquid (or semi-solid) state at a certain transition temperature.
		Due to this composite structure, phase change materials are able to withstand mechanical forces during shock and vibration, protecting the die or component from mechanical damage.
		Phase change materials are usually pre-applied by the heat sink manufacturer to the heat sink.
	www.thermaflo.com /ifmat_phase.shtml (361 words)

	Heat of fusion phase change generator - US Patent 6624349 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		If two conductors of different materials such as copper and iron are joined at their ends forming two junctions, and one junction is held at a higher temperature than the other junction, a voltage difference will arise between the two junctions.
		The heat required to be removed from a material to produce a phase change from a liquid to a solid is called the heat of fusion or latent heat.
		A phase change material in the generator provides a thermal energy source and the thermal energy is converted into electric energy with a thermoelectric module.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6624349.html (3712 words)

	CoolSport-Frequently Asked Questions
		Phase change material products, on the other hand, are unaffected by humidity.
		The purpose of phase change material cooling technology is to maintain a comfortable core temperature and prevent that temperature from increasing.
		Water changes into a solid at a specific temperature: 32ºF. But phase change material Cool Packs change into their solid form at 62º F. Since water changes into its solid form at such a low temperature, it loses more of its cooling ability to ambient (surrounding) temperature.
	www.coolsport.net /faq.html (909 words)

	Phase change compositions - Patent 4617332 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Structural elements incorporating phase change materials are more desirable than elements which store only sensible heat because they have a higher capacity to store energy and they absorb and release a large quantum of energy over a very narrow temperature range.
		Furthermore, as contrasted with a sensible heat storage material which absorbs and releases energy essentially uniformly over a broad temperature range, a phase change material absorbs and releases a large quantum of energy in the vicinity of its melting/freezing point.
		A cementitious phase change composition was prepared by adding octadecane to an aqueous slurry of gypsum in an amount of 10 parts octadecane per 90 parts gypsum.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4617332.html (2975 words)

	Phase Change Materials
		Phase change materials work because they are designed to maintain the midpoint of a narrow temperature range.
		One phase change material used in fleece jackets, for example, stays between about 27 °C and 38 °C when worn-or around 32 °C, which feels comfortable next to the skin.
		The phase change material can run through these thermal cycles indefinitely, easily outlasting the life expectancy of the garment.
	www.technologyreview.com /articles/02/03/visualize0302.asp (457 words)

	Building America Industrialized Housing Partnership - Wallboard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The PCM wallboard development work, thus far, has experimentally shown that the concept is workable on a large scale, that phase-change material can be successfully integrated and distributed within a building with a significant thermal storage effect.
		The ratio of PCM wallboard thermal storage to standard wallboard thermal storage was determined to be an average of 2.1.
		The PCM wallboard development work, thus far, has shown that the concept is workable on a large scale, that phase-change material can be successfully integrated and distributed within a building with a significant thermal storage effect.
	www.fsec.ucf.edu /Bldg/baihp/pubs/pre2000/wallboard (4339 words)

	Background on Optical Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Phase change optical media uses the reflected light from amorphous and crystalline regions as information signals.
		Erasing the amorphous phase or creating a crystalline phase is done by heating the amorphous phase material above the glass transition temperature, but holding it below the melting point for enough time to allow the material to change into a crystalline state.
		The laser used for phase change optical media can be simple, because the polarization of light does not need to be preserved as does for magneto-optic media.
	www.engr.sjsu.edu /eallen/MATE152/CaseStudies/OpticalStorage/writing.htm (643 words)

	packexpo.com : the industry's most popular packaging directory
		These refrigerant materials are called "phase change materials" because they undergo a phase change from solid to liquid at constant temperature.
		Since the phase change materials in use today hold temperatures at 0°C (the freezing / melting temperature of water) refrigerated bags are placed between the frozen phase change materials and the product to prevent freezing.
		The design takes advantage of the fact that when a material undergoes a phase change from solid to liquid or liquid to solid, an enormous amount of energy is required.
	packexpo.com /html/articles/145.html?...&article_id=145 (1022 words)

	Latent thermal storage
		Latent heat storage uses a phase change material as a storage medium.
		While undergoing phase change - freezing, melting, condensing, or boiling - a material absorbs or releases large amounts of heat with small changes in temperature.
		PCMs have two important advantages as storage media: they can offer an order-of-magnitude increase in heat capacity, and for pure substances, their discharge is almost isothermal.
	www-epb.lbl.gov /thermal/pcm.html (928 words)

	(WO 2003/023875) PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL MEMORY DEVICE [Repub: 18.03.2004] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The interior of the cup-shaped phase change material (18) may be filled with a thermal insulating material (22).
		As a result, heat losses upwardly through the phase change material (18) may be reduced and adhesion problems between the phase change material (18) and the rest of the device (10) may likewise be reduced in some embodiments.
		Chemical mechanical planarization may be utilized to define the phase change material (18) reducing the effects of phase change material dry etching in some embodiments.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/23875.040318 (249 words)

	Phase Change Material Home Page
		Phase change materials can be incorporated into a thermal storage system in order to store daytime solar energy to provide space heating.
		is actively involved in research into the use of phase change materials for cooling and heating.
		is a member of a team which has started a program to investigate the use of phase change materials for storage of heat for water and space heating.
	freespace.virgin.net /m.eckert (1494 words)

	CoolingZone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thermal Phase Change Material PCM-250 is a solid at room temperature, which melts at typical operating temperatures (above 50°C) to provide complete wet-out of the interface for optimum heat transfer.
		The new thermal phase change material is easily processed at temperatures greater than 50°C, and the non-tacky surface at room temperature does not attract contaminants.
		Dow Corning thermal phase change materials are designed around silicone/organic polymers made from functionalized siloxanes and organic materials, along with thermally conductive fillers (such as aluminum oxide).
	www.coolingzone.com /cgi-bin/Members/view_release?id=156 (570 words)

	THERMFLOW Phase change material
		T557 provides the high performance of typical phase change materials with the added benefit of improved thermal stability over conventional phase change pads.
		This new material provides the high performance properties typical of free-film phase change materials with the added benefit of easy removal.
		T558 is the same phase material as T557 which has been coated on one side of a conformal metal foil carrier.
	www.chomerics.com /products/thermflow_557_558.htm (202 words)

	DTA Services Page
		Latent heat storage, however, depends upon a change in phase of a material, such as a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas, and occurs at specific temperatures for all materials.
		When a phase change occurs in a material, it requires an unusually high quantity of energy to be transferred in order to move from one physical state to another.
		The larger the particles, the closer the phase change temperature is to that for the bulk material.
	www.deltathermal.com /technology.htm (2490 words)

	Texas Cool Vest: Technical Information
		Using phase change material technology, the Cool Packs literally pull heat from the body, while maintaining a comfortable temperature of 65ºF. The packs expand to resist bursting, absorb shock, and maintain mobility.
		The semisolid thermal energy storage material (phase change material) in the high-quality, leak-proof Cool Packs are designed to chill to 65º F. Once the material phases solid, it can be placed directly against your skin and used to cool the body.
		The phase change Cooling Packs can be quickly recharged; simply place them in ice water for 20 minutes, or in a conventional refrigerator for 35 minutes.
	www.texascoolvest.com /techinfo.html (384 words)

	Encyclopedia: Phase Change Material
		A Phase Change Material is matter which undergos a phase change at a specific temperature and gives off or takes in large amounts of energy in the process.
		In its most common usage, the term Phase change indicates that a substance has changed among the three classical phases of matter: solid, liquid and gas.
		Often a PCM or a combination of various PCMs can accurately maintain a specific temperature of a system as long as the external parts don't leave a specific range of several degrees.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Phase-Change-Material (202 words)

	Halfbakery: Phase Change Fever Blankets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		One phase change material used in fleece jackets, for example, stays between about 27 °C and 38 °C when worn—or around 32 °C, which feels comfortable next to the skin.
		The idea I'm suggesting here is really just an extended application - put these phase change materials in a blanket that's designed to keep you comfortable when you've got a fever.
		I could see this material responding to different parts of the body at different times.
	www.halfbakery.com /lr/idea/Phase_20Change_20Fever_20Blankets (384 words)

	NREL: Transferring Technologies - Microwave Impregnation of Porous Materials with Thermal Energy Storage Materials - ...
		The phase-change material in finely divided form is spread onto the surface of the porous material, after which the porous material is exposed to microwave energy for a time sufficient to melt the phase-change material.
		The melted material is spontaneously absorbed into the pores of the porous material.
		A sealing chemical may also be included with the phase-change material (or applied subsequent to the phase-change material) to seal the surface of the porous material.
	www.nrel.gov /technologytransfer/ip/data.php/patent/5202150 (201 words)

	Paraffin Phase Change Material
		I would like to model a liquid-solid phase change material used to insulate a box.
		This material is made of a wax or a paraffin.
		Re: Paraffin Phase Change Material - kim, Tue, 26 Apr 2005, 10:49 p.m.
	www.cfd-online.com /Forum/cfx_archive.cgi?read=10200 (98 words)

	pcm phase change packag... on GlobalSpec (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thermal Compounds and Thermal Interface Materials (65 companies) and thermal interface materials that use a phase change are able to absorb more heat from electronic devices or electrical components.
		Phase Converters (26 companies) Phase converters transform single-phase power into three-phase power for the operation of industrial motors, pumps, and other equipment.
		RF Phase Detectors and Comparators (15 companies) RF phase detectors and comparators are circuits or instruments that provide a DC output voltage proportional to the difference in phase between two RF signals.
	materials.globalspec.com /Industrial-Directory/pcm_phase_change_packag... (1630 words)

	Electronic Design: Phase-change material provides low thermal-resistance interface path. (Enclosures and Materials).@ ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thermflow T766 is a phase-change material that provides a low thermal-resistance interface path between hot components and heatsinks.
		This material consists of a tacky, electrically nonconductive phase-change film on one side of a highly conformable metal foil.
		This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:84264266&refid=ink_tptd_mag (195 words)

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