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Topic: Phase distortion synthesis

Related Topics

Casio CZ synthesizers

Frequency modulation synthesis

FM synthesis

Granular synthesis

Wavetable synthesis

Synthesizer

Physical modelling synthesis

Yamaha AN1x

Native Instruments

Yamaha DX7

Digital sampling

Bessel function

Casio

Wendy Carlos

Keytar

	Phase distortion synthesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phase distortion synthesis is a synthesis method introduced 1984 by Casio in its CZ range of synths, and similar to Frequency modulation synthesis in the sense that they are both build on phase modulation.
		Other phase distortion patterns that are supported on the CZ range are impulse, half-sine and double impulse.
		The phase transforms are all assembled from piecewise linear functions under binary logic control and shows characteristic sharp knees (and for some transforms, even sudden jumps) as they move from minimum to maximum, where the frequency counters accumulator wraps around and starts over.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phase_distortion_synthesis (598 words)

	Frequency modulation synthesis - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Complex (and proper) FM synthesis using analog oscillators is not generally feasible due to their inherent pitch instability, but FM synthesis (using the frequency stable phase modulation variant) is easy to implement digitally.
		As a result, FM synthesis was the basis of some of the early generations of digital synthesizers from Yamaha, with Yamaha's flagship DX7 synthesizer being ubiquitous throughout the 1980s.
		FM synthesis is a form of "distortion synthesis" or "nonlinear synthesis".
	frequencymodulationsynthesis.quickseek.com (691 words)

	Recording Institute Of Detroit Audio RecordingTerms Glossary
		Phase Cancellation - The energy of one waveform decreasing the energy of another waveform because of phase relationships at or close to 180 degrees.
		Phase Distortion Synthesis - A method of altering a wave shape to add harmonics by a phase shift while a cycle is being formed.
		Phase Lock - 1) In the control of tape machines, a method of keeping machines synced together by sensing phase differences in the playback of pilot tunes by the two machines and adjustment of speed to eliminate the phase difference.
	www.alexandermagazine.com /passv3/glossary/pglospt.asp (13428 words)

	History of the Music Synthesizer -- Analog to Digital
		physical modelling synthesis, synthesis wherein the sound is generated according to the physics of the instrument, has superseded subtractive synthesis for accurately reproducing natural instrument timbres, the subtractive synthesis paradigm is still ubiquitous in synthesizers with most modern designs still offering low-order lowpass or bandpass filters following the oscillator stage.
		FM synthesis is fundamentally a type of additive synthesis and the filters used in subtractive synthesizers were typically not used in FM synthesizers until the mid-1990s.
		Physical modelling synthesis is the synthesis of sound by using a set of equations and algorithms to simulate a physical source of sound.
	www.edinformatics.com /inventions_inventors/music_synthesizer.htm (2991 words)

	A short introduction to PD synthesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Block Structure of a typical Analog Synthesizer, and that of a Phase Distortion Synthesizer.
		The first picture shows what happens if the phase angle of a cosine wave is read from 0 to 2pi in a linear way and at a fixed speed: the output is still a cosine wave.
		Now, the more the phase angle is distorted, the more the resultant wave resembles a sawtooth wave (pic.
	www.algomusic.nl /PDSynthesis.html (804 words)

	Synthesizer
		One of the easiest synthesis systems is to record a real instrument as a digitized waveform, and then play back its recordings at different speeds to produce different tones.
		FM synthesis is fundamentally a type of additive synthesis and the filters used in subtractive synthesizers were typically not used in FM synthesizers until the mid-
		synthesis is the synthesis of sound by using a set of equations and algorithms to simulate a physical source of sound.
	www.mp3.fm /Synthesizer.htm (2737 words)

	Phase distortion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phase distortion: Distortion that occurs when (a) the phase-frequency characteristic is not linear over the frequency range of interest, i.e.
		, the phase shift introduced by a circuit or device is not directly proportional to frequency, or (b) the zero-frequency intercept of the phase-frequency characteristic is not 0 or an integral multiple of 2π radians.
		See also: Audio system measurements, Phase distortion synthesis
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phase_distortion (99 words)

	CS4117: Synthesis Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Phase modulation was also used with analog synthesizers, but the limited accuracy of analog oscillators and the difficulty of building oscillators with negative frequency support hindered the analog implementations.
		Phase modulation, in general, means modulating the instantaneous phase of a carrier.
		Phase distortion modulation was originally used by Casio in its CZ-series synthesizers as a way to circumvent Yamaha patents.
	www.csis.ul.ie /ccmcm/cs4117/synth0.htm (10093 words)

	Sequencer Creative Effects Masterclass
		Overdrive and distortion effects are similar in character to the distortion that occurs within a guitar amplifier, though in the case of the guitar amplifier, the necessary top cut filtering is provided by the speaker, which is designed to have a limited high-end response.
		Phase Distortion is quite different again, as it uses a modulated delay line as its engine, where the modulation source is a resonant low-pass-filtered version of the input signal.
		Distortion is capable of a wide range of effects from a soft crunch up to cone-bending overload, but I find the Soft, Crunchy, and Dirty algorithms (with Drive settings of 50 percent or less) more practical with most sounds than the Wracky and Evil algorithms, which tend to mangle things beyond recognition.
	www.soundonsound.com /sos/sep03/articles/sequencer.htm (4944 words)

	Casio CZ synthesizer - JnanaBase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Casio made programmable synthesizers very affordable in the mid-1980s with their CZ series of Phase distortion synthesizers.
		All of the CZ synthesizers utilized Phase distortion to somewhat simulate an analog filter.
		Each DCF (what Casio called the phase distortion part of the sound which determined how many harmonics a given sound had) was also modulated by a dedicated 8-stage envelope generator.
	www.jnanabase.org /index.php/Casio_CZ_synthesizer (1089 words)

	Sound Synthesis
		One way to do this is to simply add various amplitudes of the harmonics of a chosen pitch until the desired timbre is obtained, called additive synthesis.
		Another way is to start with geometric waves, which are rich in harmonic content, and filter the harmonics to produce a new sound- subtractive synthesis.
		Modern sound synthesis makes increasing use of MIDI for sequencing and communication between devices.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/audio/synth.html (615 words)

	Casio CZ-230S, phase distortion vs. FM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The "cello" otherwise fades brighter and dull again and has a strange phasing texture; it rather resembles a muffled circular saw or high pitched motorbike since it fades way too bright in the middle of its "meow"; the bass range drones nicely sonorous and woody while high notes resemble a mosquito.
		Possibly there is even a sound editor for the phase distortion synthesizer hidden somewhere, which Casio considered unbearable for the customer by the lack of the instructive matrix display found on other CZ synthesizers.
		If you intend to buy a phase distortion synthesizer for sound reasons, avoid to concentrate yourself on Casio CZ-101 unless you urgently want midsize keys, since it is usually sold way overpriced and is technically inferior to most fullsize CZ models, those e.g.
	users.informatik.haw-hamburg.de /~windle_c/TableHooters/Casio_CZ-230S.html (4401 words)

	Global Positioning System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They discovered that, due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the signal being transmitted by Sputnik was higher as the satellite approached, and lower as it continued away from them.
		The phase difference error in the normal GPS amounts to a 2-3 m ambiguity.
		Many automobiles that use the GPS combine the GPS unit with a gyroscope and speedometer pickup, allowing the computer to maintain a continuous navigation solution by dead reckoning when buildings, terrain, or tunnels block the satellite signals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Global_Positioning_System (4657 words)

	Ex Astris Scientia - Treknology Encyclopedia L-Z
		Phase shifts are frequently created in Star Trek using either an interphase cloaking device (TNG: "The Next Phase", "The Pegasus"), a phase discriminator (e.g.
		Usually phase shift seems to be an essentially temporal displacement, while the interphase generator might be based on a spatial shift or parallel space.
		According to his theory, a subspace field generator produces a subspace distortion that is counterbalanced by subspace itself, so the actual subspace field is the resulting field of both.
	www.ex-astris-scientia.org /treknology2.htm (9115 words)

	Articles - Synthesizer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Although physical modelling synthesis, synthesis wherein the sound is generated according to the physics of the instrument, has superseded subtractive synthesis for accurately reproducing natural instrument timbres, the subtractive synthesis paradigm is still ubiquitous in synthesizers with most modern designs still offering low-order lowpass or bandpass filters following the oscillator stage.
		Chowning´s patent covering FM sound synthesis was licensed to giant Japanese manufacturer Yamaha, and made millions for Stanford during the 1980s.
		Although physical modelling was not a new concept in acoustics and synthesis, it wasn´t until the development of the Karplus-Strong algorithm, the subsequent refinement and generalization of the algorithm into digital waveguide synthesis by Julius O. Smith III and others, and the increase in DSP power in the late 1980s that commercial implementations became feasible.
	www.bowling-balls.net /articles/Synthesizer (4989 words)

	The Tom Bearden Website
		Each polarization and its dynamics involves a formation of EM longitudinal phase conjugate wavepairs and their dynamics, since all EM fields, potentials, and waves are comprised of such LW wavepairs and dynamics, per Whittaker 1903 and 1904.
		The extended phase conjugation process resulting from the time-domain pumping is applied to the nonlinear "input" 3-space mass-energy as it previously traveled through time, rather than being applied to an "input" plane wave energy in 3-space as it has traveled through space.
		When the phase angles of two transverse EM waves of the same frequency and amplitude are 180 degrees out of phase, their transverse vector components sum to zero, transforming the two waves into an oscillating stress potential in 3-space, which is a longitudinal EM wave (accompanied always by its paired time-polarized EM wave).
	www.cheniere.org /patent%20application/claim.htm (16713 words)

	Mailgate: sci.nonlinear: Re: Non linear parts of FM synthesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		> Frequency modulation synthesis (or FM synthesis) is a form of audio synthesis where the timbre of a simple waveform is changed by frequency modulating it with a modulating frequency that is also in the audio range, resulting in a more complex waveform and a different-sounding tone.
		As a result, FM synthesis was the basis of some of the early generations of digital synthesizers from Yamaha, with Yamaha's flagship DX-7 synthesizer being ubiquitous throughout the 1980s.
		Casio, in order to avoid the FM patent, developed a related form of synthesis called phase distortion synthesis, used in its CZ101 line of synthesizers.
	mailgate.supereva.it /sci/sci.nonlinear/msg01723.html (393 words)

	Keyboard Magazine - Rob Papen Blue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		With nearly every significant vintage synth available as an emulation and pretty much every form of synthesis covered, it’s safe to say that the plug-in synth market is reaching a saturation point.
		These options can deliver everything from subtle harmonic adjustments to ferocious distortion and each can be modulated from a huge assortment of sources.
		Phase Distortion: First popularized by Casio’s ’80s-era CZ-101 synthesizer, Phase Distortion synthesis modifies the shape of a waveform by interpolating its phase with that of another nonlinear function.
	www.keyboardmag.com /story.asp?sectioncode=30&storycode=12209 (1654 words)

	reveng_manifesto
		FM synthesis infiltrated popular consciousness through pop records using DX-7 preset sounds and millions upon millions of early personal computer sound cards, all using Yamaha Chipsets to generate their sounds.
		Casio's alternative (Phase Distortion Synthesis) was quite good but unfortunately it was never held in the same regard as FM and didn't sell.
		Non-musical noises: glitches, distortions, poor digital to analog conversion, clicks, low sample rates, low bit depths, the poor frequency response of the speakers built into monitors and small keyboards.
	reveng.sevcom.com /reveng_manifesto (3954 words)

	KVR : ConcreteFX Digital
		Phase distort - each operator uses phase distortion to change waveshapes, allowing you to recreate the sound of Casio CZ synths.
		4 operators with 15 algorithms, phase distortion synthesis and waveshaping, 10 filter options, one per the four oscillators available.
		There are multiple synthesis techniques that expand upon another while not getting in the way, simplicity to complexity in ways that make 6-op FM seem almost simple but most important, the sounds are there to get and they are easy to get to.
	www.kvraudio.com /get/841.html (726 words)

	Vintage Synth Explorer - Casio CZ-101 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		PD is Casio's own take on digital synthesis from the mid-eighties and is found in all of their CZ series.
		Another 8-stage envelope section in the DCW is used to modify the Phase Angle over time (like filtering).
		Later CZ-series models like the CZ-3000 and CZ-5000 used this new Phase Distortion synthesis in more professional instruments.
	www.vintagesynth.com /casio/cz101.shtml (457 words)

	Casio CZ-5000
		Phase distortion synthesis is easier to understand the FM, but still not something I've had time to get good at, but I've got some good sounds from it.
		you will need time to learn how to edit if phase distortion synthesis is new to you, but its really about learning how to navigate through its editing menus, at least for me. the manual is a bit cryptic, ive had to read things a few times over and realise what they were talking about.
		This is a digital synth using Casio's Phase Distortion Architecture which involves modulation of a basic waveform by an 8-stage envelope (sounding something like opening and closing a filter).
	www.harmony-central.com /Synth/Data/Casio/CZ-5000-01.html (9862 words)

	[No title]
		As I indicated earlier the GR-1/09 has no synthesis engine so the sounds you get from the built in samples or from the the expansion card is all you are going to get.
		The GR-50 has samples and the LA synthesis engine but is challenging to program so it is geared more to someone inclined to smear synth guts on their face once in a while and hopefully the rewards of the effort can be your own unique sounds.
		It is based on Casio's "VX" (phase distortion) synthesis method -- same TG unit as the Casio VX-101 keyboard of a few years back.
	www.harmony-central.com /Guitar/midi-guitar-faq.txt (2308 words)

	Casio CZ101 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Not unlike FM synthesis in some ways, by changing the phase angle of a any of the supplied waveforms, you could alter the harmonic content of the selected waveform.
		With no phase distortion, you hear a sine wave but as the phase distortion is increased and the waveform's phase angle is altered, so the waveform becomes closer to the selected waveform.
		You could control the amount of phase distortion using LFOs and envelope generators that allowed you to go some way to mimicking many typical analogue sounds.
	www.hollowsun.com /donations/casio_cz101 (488 words)

	Glossary of electrical terms for the sound engineer
		The difference is described by the term phase angle.
		The energy of one waveform decreasing the energy of another waveform because of phase relationships at or close to 180 degrees.
		A method of altering a wave shape to add harmonics by a phase shift while a cycle is being formed.
	www.josaka.com /Content/Glossary-of-Terms/p.htm (4171 words)

	Official OMD Forum - Why are there so many synths? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The most common form these days is sample-based synthesis, where some built in samples are shaped using the 'synthesis' parts of the synthesizer.
		However analogue synthesis has made a come back, this is where very basic waveforms are modulated using analogue circuitry (which tend to sound better and have more of an effect than thier modern digital equivalents) and this sound is prevalent on the first 3-4 albums.
		There are many other synthesis methods (additive, FM, Phase Distortion, Vector Synthesis, Transwave etc. etc.) which have not caught on in the same way or are no longer popular but these are useful if you want to sound different.
	www.omd.uk.com /cgi-bin/ikonboard/topic.cgi?forum=4&topic=1324 (933 words)

	Digital from ConcreteFX
		It uses phase distortion, waveshaping and frequency modulation to recreate the sound of classic 80's synthesizers
		Each operator is composed of a phase distorter, a wave shaper and a multi-mode filter.
		Depending on the chosen algorithm operators can also be frequency modulated by input from other operators and also has self-feedback.
	www.concretefx.com /Digital.htm (255 words)

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