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Topic: Phenakistoscope

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	Phenakistoscope
		In 1832, Belgian physicist Joseph Plateau and his sons introduced the phenakistoscope ("spindle viewer").
		The phenakistoscope uses the persistence of motion principle to create an illusion of motion.
		The phenakistoscope consisted of two discs mounted on the same axis.
	courses.ncssm.edu /gallery/collections/toys/html/exhibit07.htm (295 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Around the center of the disc a series of pictures was drawn corresponding to frames of the animation; around its circumference was a series of radial slits.
		Unlike the zoetrope and its successors, the phenakistoscope could only practically be used by one person at a time.
		The word "phenakistoscope" comes from Greek roots meaning "to cheat", as it deceives the eye by making the pictures look like an animation.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=phenakistoscope (302 words)

	EarlyCinema.com
		This device was given the name Phenakistoscope although it received other names when marketed including the Phantasmascope and the Fantoscope.
		In 1834, William George Horner proposed a more convenient device based on Plateau’s Phenakistoscope which eliminated the need for a mirror and allowed several people to view the device at one time.
		Horner’s idea was to take shape in the form of drum with an open top into which was placed a hand drawn sequence of pictures on a strip of paper.
	www.earlycinema.com /technology/zoetrope.html (522 words)

	phenakistoscope - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 11 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word phenakistoscope:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "phenakistoscope" is defined.
		phenakistoscope : The Phrontistery - A Dictionary of Obscure Words [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=phenakistoscope (186 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Phenakistoscope (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The phenakistoscope (also spelled phenakistiscope) was an early animation device, the predecessor to the zoetrope.
		One variant of the phenakistoscope was a spinning disc mounted vertically on a handle.
		Although this principle had been recognized by the Greek mathematician Euclid and later in experiments by Newton, it was not until 1829 that this principle became firmly established by Joseph Plateau.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Phenakistoscope (663 words)

	The History of The Discovery of Cinematography - 1830 - 1849 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		We believe this to be erroneous in that no facts or proof have been offered in any documentation we have seen to substantiate this.
		Plateau constructs what he called a ‘Phenakistoscope’ (he later named it a Fantoscope [not to be confused with Robertson’s Phantoscope which has been written as Fantoscope]).
		By 1832 Plateau was slowing going blind, the mistake of having looked at the sun for more than a second (suggested to have been 20 seconds), in 1829.
	www.precinemahistory.net /1830.htm (3038 words)

	Phenakistoscope
		In creating my phenakistoscope, what I was able to accomplish visually was more or less dictated by my lack of Illustrator skils.
		By the end of my first attempt, I was able to make it appear as though the figure's legs were moving, but I was unable to achieve the illusion that it was running around the perimeter of the circle.
		This was remedied by removing one of the figures, and shifting its position incrementally around the wheel.
	classes.design.ucla.edu /Winter07/24/projects/cropper/d (205 words)

	Animation Devices
		A phenakistoscope consists of a flat disk painted fl on one side, with radial slots cut into the outer edge.
		The major difference between the type of animation that can be done with a phenakistoscope and a flipbook is that the phenakistoscope has only a small number of drawings (usually eight or 12), and the movement of the sketch has to begin and end in the same position to form a smooth repeating cyclic motion.
		Phenakistoscope from Greek phainen, to show; kinein, to move; and skopos, to aim or target (now used to mean a viewing device like a telescope or microscope).
	www.west.net /~science/animate.htm (1081 words)

	Where's the pig? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Stereo-Phenakistoscope was an idea to combine the phenakistoscope with the stereoscope to create the illusion of a simple 3-Dimensional animation.
		Conceptually, the idea is very simple, basically make a stereoscope, and instead of identical static images at both ends, have 2 identical phenakistoscopes spinning.
		The end result was something that sorta works as a pair of phenakistoscopes, but not really as a stereoscope, and a pair of plastic Shrek mirrors.
	www.imagearts.ryerson.ca /ltam/school/daniels/optokinetics/index.html (191 words)

	Phenakistoscope: Definition of Phenakistoscope in Webster's Dictionary 1913 Edition - Wunder Dictionary
		Phenakistoscope: Definition of Phenakistoscope in Webster's Dictionary 1913 Edition
		A revolving disk on which figures drawn in different relative attitudes are seen successively, so as to produce the appearance of an object in actual motion, as an animal leaping, etc., in consequence of the persistence of the successive visual impressions of the retina.
		It is often arranged so that the figures may be projected upon a screen.
	websters.wunderdictionary.com /dictionary/def/english/phenakistoscope.html (79 words)

	Where's the pig? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Despite all the planning and the preparatory work and the prototypes, the stereo-phenakistoscope only sort-of works as a pair of phenakistoscopes and really doesn't work as a stereoscope.
		There isn't really much left to explain about the stero-phenakistoscope, as most of the work as in the preparing stages, and the rest of it is pretty clear to see from the stereo-phenakistoscope itself.
		The very first problem I ran into was with the phenakistoscopes themselves.
	www.imagearts.ryerson.ca /ltam/school/daniels/optokinetics/final.html (276 words)

	phenakistoscope
		Plateau lived in Belgian and studied optics, the science of light and Phenakistoscope vision.
		The Phenakistoscope is based on "persistence of vision" which describes how our eyes and brain work together.
		The human brain does not see a light until about a tenth of a second after the light is turned on.
	fog.ccsf.edu /~tbardin/html/phenakistoscope.html/phenakistoscope.html (516 words)

	Shanesite (Site not responding. Last check: )
		PHENAKISTOSCOPE- It is an early type of animation.
		It has a dark coloured paper with slots like the phenakistoscope.
		Then through the slots like on the phenakistoscope you see the motions on the two strips.
	www.smcdsb.on.ca /ffx/Animation/StudentPages/shanesite.htm (241 words)

	Pre-Cinema Toys Inspire Multimedia Artist Toshio Iwai
		This 1834 device is similar to the Phenakistoscope, but it does not require a mirror.
		The slits are cut into a cylinder which spins on a turntable, with strips of drawings on the inside base of the drum.
		I don't think this would be a trade secret - he told me the clay figures were painted with golden acrylic paint, reflected in silver paper edging the slits.
	www.awn.com /mag/issue3.11/3.11pages/morseiwai.php3 (1548 words)

	phenakistoscope
		Plateau lived in Belgian and studied optics, the science of light and Phenakistoscope vision.
		The Phenakistoscope is based on "persistence of vision" which describes how our eyes and brain work together.
		The human brain does not see a light until about a tenth of a second after the light is turned on.
	fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us /~tbardin/html/phenakistoscope.html/phenakistoscope.html (516 words)

	Googlism when is phenakistoscope
		phenakistoscope is actually one of the oldest motion picture devices
		phenakistoscope is a cardboard disk pierced around itscircumference with a number of small openings and
		phenakistoscope is a cardboard disk pierced around its circumference with a number of sm
	www.googlism.com /when_is/p/phenakistoscope (125 words)

	Early Animation Devices
		Developed in 1833 by Joseph Plateau in Brussels, the phenakistoscope is actually one of the oldest motion picture devices.
		The device consists of a cardboard disc with evenly spaced slots cut along the outside edge.
		The zoetrope is based on the same principles as the phenakistoscope.
	www.privatelessons.net /2d/sample/m01_04.html (330 words)

	Timeline of Influential Milestones and Turning Points in Film History
		The Frenchman Peter Mark Roget (famed as the author of Roget's Thesaurus) rediscovered the persistence of vision principle.
		The Belgian scientist Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau, who had studied the phenomenon of persistence of vision, developed a spindle viewer called a phenakistoscope (aka Fantascope or Magic Wheel), the first device that allowed pictures to appear to move - and considered the precursor of an animated film (or movie).
		It was a very crude, mechanical form of a motion picture 'projector' that consisted of a drum that contained a set of still images.
	www.filmsite.org /milestonespre1900s.html (829 words)

	Phenakistoscope - Qwika
		Results for Phenakistoscope 1 to 10 of 12
		that it was virtually identical to the Phenakistoscope.
		led to the spinning slits of the Phenakistoscope invented by Plateau, and the simultaneous independent...
	www.qwika.com /find/Phenakistoscope (301 words)

	The Norton Anthology of English Literature: The Victorian Age: Topic 3: Overview
		At the same time, developments in visual technology made it possible to see more and in new ways.
		Nineteenth century optical devices, creating illusions of various sorts, were invented near the beginning of the century: the thaumatrope, the phenakistoscope, the zoetrope, the stroboscope, the kaleidoscope, the diorama, and the stereoscope.
		Other inventions — such as the camera lucida, the graphic telescope, the binocular telescope, the binocular microscope, the stereopticon, and the kinetoscope — projected, recorded, or magnified images.
	www.wwnorton.com /nael/victorian/topic_3/welcome.htm (625 words)

	Definition of phenakistoscope - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Click here to search for another word in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
		Learn more about "phenakistoscope" and related topics at Britannica.com
		See a map of "phenakistoscope" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.merriamwebster.com /dictionary/phenakistoscope (30 words)

	YouTube - Milo's Phenakistoscope
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		Milo built this phenakistoscope as part of his...
		Milo built this phenakistoscope as part of his optical illusion project.
	www.youtube.com /watch?v=Ce6j0smerPs (93 words)

	Definition of Phenakistoscope
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	www.allwords.com /query.php?SearchType=3&Keyword=Phenakistoscope&goquery=Find+it!&Language=ENG (56 words)

	Panelectric Living Sinema Optical Toys
		When you spin the disk in front of a mirror while looking through the openings, the reflected figures, instead of becoming blurred as they would if you looked at the spinning circle in any other way, seem to stop rotating and perform movements.
		We teach workshops on how to make phenakistoscopes, praxinoscopes and other optical toys.
		Click here to see Sheridan Student Praxinoscopes 2001
	www.panelectric.org /toys.htm (122 words)

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