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Topic: Phenylephrine

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	Phenylephrine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phenylephrine hydrochloride is an α-agonist used primarily as a decongestant, as an agent to dilate the pupil, and rarely to increase blood pressure.
		Phenylephrine is used as an eye drop to dilate the pupil to facilitate visualization of the retina.
		Phenylephrine is rarely used as a vasopressor to increase the blood pressure in unstable patients with hypotension.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phenylephrine (365 words)

	Phenylephrine HCl
		Phenylephrine is recommended to be used to treat hypotension secondary to drug overdoses or idiosyncratic hypotensive reactions to drugs such as phenothiazines, adrenergic blocking agents, and ganglionic blockers.
		Phenylephrine has been used to increase blood pressure to terminate attacks of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, particularly when the patient is also hypotensive.
		Phenylephrine is not a replacement for adequate volume therapy in patients with shock.
	www.elephantcare.org /Drugs/phenylep.htm (890 words)

	NTP: Abstract for TR-322 - Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phenylephrine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic amine recommended for use as a nasal decongestant and as a mydriatic in ophthalmic applications.
		Phenylephrine hydrochloride was nominated for toxicology and carcinogenesis studies because of a lack of previous long-term studies and because two other sympathomimetic agents (soterenol hydrochloride and mesuprine hydrochloride) produced mesovarial leiomyomas in Sprague-Dawley rats.
		In the 2-year studies, the approximate amount of phenylephrine hydrochloride consumed per day was 24 mg/kg for low dose rats, 50 mg/kg for high dose rats, 133 mg/kg for low dose mice, and 270 mg/kg for high dose mice.
	ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=0707E8FE-A033-C702-57CF9698DCB64235 (825 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Phenylephrine (Nasal) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phenylephrine (fen-ill-EF-rin) is used for the temporary relief of congestion or stuffiness in the nose caused by hay fever or other allergies, colds, or sinus trouble.
		However, it is not known whether phenylephrine passes into the breast milk.
		There is no specific information comparing use of nasal phenylephrine in the elderly with use in other age groups.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202460.html (1188 words)

	Phenylephrine
		Phenylephrine is for injection or infusion into a vein, or injection into a muscle or under the skin.
		PHENYLEPHRINE (Neo-SynephrineÂ®) acts as a decongestant to relieve nasal congestion (stuffiness) in patients with colds and sinus problems.
		Phenylephrine nose drops, spray or jelly are only for use in the nose.
	www.stjohn.org /HealthInfoLib/swArticle.aspx?26,482 (2094 words)

	Phenylephrine Drug Information
		Ophthalmic phenylephrine (fen-ill-EF-rin) in strengths of 2.5 and 10% is used to dilate (enlarge) the pupil.
		Ophthalmic phenylephrine in the strength of 0.12% is used to relieve redness due to minor irritations of the eye, such as those caused by allergy, dust, smoke, wind, and other irritants.
		This is especially important when this medicine is used in children or in patients with heart disease or high blood pressure, since high doses of this medicine may cause an irregular heartbeat and an increase in blood pressure.
	www.drugs.com /cons/Phenylephrine.html (1613 words)

	Liposomal VIP attenuates phenylephrine- and ANG II-induced vasoconstriction in vivo -- Ikezaki et al. 275 (2): 588 -- ...
		Liposomal VIP attenuates phenylephrine- and ANG II-induced vasoconstriction in vivo
		Suffusion of phenylephrine and ANG II elicits a significant, concentration-dependent decrease in arteriolar diameter from
		significant and reversible attenuation of phenylephrine- and ANG
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/2/R588 (3693 words)

	phenylephrine nasal - [Medication]
		Phenylephrine nasal is used to treat congestion associated with allergies, hay fever, sinus irritation, and the common cold.
		You may not be able to use phenylephrine nasal, or you may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment if you have any of the conditions listed above.
		Phenylephrine nasal is available over the counter under many different brand and generic names in nasal spray and nasal drop formulations.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/multum/d04186a1.htm (1138 words)

	MINIMS PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE - Electronic Medicines Compendium
		Minims Phenylephrine is used to enlarge the pupil of your eye.
		Phenylephrine should not be used if you suffer from closed angle glaucoma or if your eyes are likely to develop increased internal pressure when the pupil is enlarged.
		Phenylephrine can cause the cornea to become cloudy if the surface of the cornea is damaged.
	emc.medicines.org.uk /emc/assets/c/html/DisplayDoc.asp?DocumentID=2781 (835 words)

	MedicineOnline.com Drug Information: Phenylephrine (Ophthalmic)
		This preparation is available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper use of phenylephrine for your eye problem.
		Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor.
		Older adults—Repeated use of 2.5 or 10% phenylephrine may increase the chance of problems during treatment with this medicine.
	www.medicineonline.com /druginfo/info2/Isopto_Frin/Phenylephrine_Ophthalmic (1284 words)

	Eye Care - Eye Disorders including cataracts, Lasik eye surgery, blindness, glaucoma and eye allergy
		Phenylephrine is the most common decongestant for this purpose.
		A frequent side effect of phenylephrine is dilation of the pupils.
		If phenylephrine is absorbed from the eye into the body, an increase in blood pressure may occur, although this is rare.
	www.medicinenet.com /eye_care/page2.htm (946 words)

	brompheniramine and phenylephrine - [Medication]
		Brompheniramine and phenylephrine is used to treat nasal congestion and sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses) associated with allergies, hay fever, and the common cold.
		Brompheniramine and phenylephrine is in the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby.
		Brompheniramine and phenylephrine may increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness, including antidepressants, alcohol, other antihistamines, pain relievers, anxiety medicines, seizure medicines, and muscle relaxants.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/multum/d03311a1.htm (1292 words)

	Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Systemic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phenylephrine constricts blood vessels to reduce the blood flow to swollen nasal passages and other tissues, which reduces nasal secretions and improves nasal airflow.
		Phenylephrine hydrochloride has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems if taken during pregnancy.
		It is not known whether phenylephrine passes into breast milk; caution is advised.
	www.wholehealthmd.com /refshelf/drugs_view/1,1524,498,00.html (548 words)

	Phenylephrine 2.5% and 10% in phacoemulsification under topical anaesthesia: is there an effect on systemic blood ...
		Phenylephrine 2.5% and 10% in phacoemulsification under topical anaesthesia: is there an effect on systemic blood pressure?
		Phenylephrine drops in ophthalmic surgery: a clinical study on cardiovascular effects.
		Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of 2.5% phenylephrine and 10% phenylephrine during ophthalmic surgery.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/87/4/505 (703 words)

	Phenylephrine (Ophthalmic) - MayoClinic.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ophthalmic phenylephrine may be absorbed into the mother's body.
		Children may be especially sensitive to the effects of phenylephrine.
		Repeated use of 2.5 or 10% phenylephrine may increase the chance of problems during treatment with this medicine.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/drug-information/DR202461 (1363 words)

	Topical Phenylephrine For Patients With Fecal Incontinence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The present study was conducted to assess the feasibility of using topical phenylephrine, an adrenergic agonist, in increasing the anal tone in patients with fecal incontinence.
		It was found that MRP increased with all concentrations of phenylephrine gel.
		O for placebo, 10 percent, 20 percent, 30 percent, and 40 percent of phenylephrine gel respectively.
	www.indegene.com /Gas/Jour/indJour_GUT_Sum_01-03-2001_2.asp (292 words)

	Topical Phenylephrine Risks
		The dose of phenylephrine should be administered in a calibrated syringe and should be verified by a physician.
		The medical literature suggests that the use of beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers as treatment of hypertension secondary to a vasoconstrictor may result in an unopposed alpha effect leading to worsened cardiac output and pulmonary edema.
		Hypertension and pulmonary edema associated with subconjunctival phenylephrine in a 2-month-old child during cataract extraction.
	www.wolfetory.com /education/Topical_Phenylephrine_Risks-Newsletter.htm (432 words)

	Phenylephrine (Nasal) (Neo-Synephrine; Nostril; Rhinall; Tur-Bi-Cal; Vicks Sinex) - Drugs Information, Side Effects, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		You should not use this medicine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to phenylephrine or other nasal decongestants.
		Avoid using phenylephrine if you are taking MAO inhibitors such as Marplan®, Nardil®, or Parnate®, or if you take medicine for glaucoma or depression.
		Use phenylephrine only on your doctor's orders if you are over 60 years of age, or if you are being treated for high blood pressure, heart disease, blood vessel disease, asthma, diabetes, overactive thyroid, or trouble urinating.
	www.3-rx.com /drugs/quick/phenylephrine/default.php (524 words)

	Phenylephrine-induced elevations in arterial blood pressure are attenuated in heat-stressed humans -- Cui et al. 283 ...
		Steady-state infusion of phenylephrine elicited significant and sequential increases in MAP in both thermal conditions (Fig.
		The elevation in blood pressure due to phenylephrine infusion induced significant decreases in MSNA relative to baselines in both thermal conditions (all P < 0.01), while the decrease in MSNA was similar between thermal conditions.
		The average interval between phenylephrine infusion trials was 42 min.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/283/5/R1221 (3553 words)

	Chlorpheniramine, Pyrilamine, and Phenylephrine Drug Information
		Antihistamine and decongestant combinations are used to treat the nasal congestion (stuffy nose), sneezing, and runny nose caused by colds and hay fever.
		The decongestants, such as phenylephrine, and pseudoephedrine, produce a narrowing of blood vessels.
		Phenylephrine -Studies on birth defects have not been done in either humans or animals with phenylephrine.
	www.drugs.com /cons/Chlorpheniramine__Pyrilamine__and_Phenylephrine.html (2671 words)

	Topical phenylephrine increases anal canal resting pressure in patients with faecal incontinence -- Cheetham et al. 48 ...
		Topical phenylephrine increases anal canal resting pressure in patients with faecal incontinence -- Cheetham et al.
		All concentrations of phenylephrine gel increased median MRP (43, 48, 54, 65, and 70 cm H
		This study therefore aimed to assess the effect of topical phenylephrine on MRP in patients with passive faecal incontinence
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/48/3/356 (2281 words)

	Minims Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
		Phenylephrine also acts on receptors in the blood vessels of the eye.
		Phenylephrine may be used with atropine to relax the eye muscles that inflame and over-contract in conditions such as uveitus.
		Phenylephrine is given as eye drops so that it may act directly where it is required.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /medicines/100001688.html (582 words)

	News - Ibopamine More Potent Mydriatic Than Phenylephrine Or Tropicamide
		Researchers from the University of Verona, Italy, enrolled 15 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 15 healthy subjects, aged between 40 and 70 years (mean 54.8), into this open prospective study.
		This mydriasis was greater than either 10% phenylephrine (4.7 to 7.9 mm) or 1% tropicamide (4.6 to 6.9 mm).
		Phenylephrine 10% produced a similar pattern of changes.
	www.docguide.com /news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256CA10001FEE5 (528 words)

	Phenylephrine Injection
		Phenylephrine belongs to a group of medicines known as sympathomimetics.
		Phenylephrine acts on alpha receptors in the muscles of the blood vessel walls, causing the muscles to contract.
		Phenylephrine may increase bloodpressure and reverse the action of many blood-pressure lowering medicines.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /medicines/100002064.html (474 words)

	AORN Journal: Patient safety first alert—epinephrine and phenylephrine in surgical settings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Epinephrine and phenylephrine previously have been identified as high-alert medications, a designation that results from the narrow margin of safety associated with their use.
		The Joint Commission has received sentinel event reports for occurrences in the OR in which side effects from nasally applied phenylephrine resulted in death, as well as reports in which the use of epinephrine in the OR resulted in adverse events or death.
		In addition to the errors reported to Medmarx and JCAHO, there are a number of documented cases of intraoperative cardiac complications resulting from the use of one of these medications, alone or in combination with other medications (eg, cocaine), during otorhinolaryngologic procedures.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FSL/is_4_77/ai_99983132 (454 words)

	Role of Nitric Oxide in the Development of Vascular {alpha}1-Adrenoreceptor Desensitization and Pressure Diuresis in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		(5 mg/kg) or infusion of phenylephrine (5 µg·kg
		curves to phenylephrine in rats with an intact (a) and impaired
		pressor response to phenylephrine, as indicated by a rightward
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/29/4/969 (3539 words)

	Evaluation of pre-emptive intramuscular phenylephrine and ephedrine for reduction of spinal anaesthesia-induced ...
		Evaluation of pre-emptive intramuscular phenylephrine and ephedrine for reduction of spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension during Caesarean section -- Ayorinde et al.
		Evaluation of pre-emptive intramuscular phenylephrine and ephedrine for reduction of spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension during Caesarean section
		Randomized trial of bolus phenylephrine or ephedrine for maintenance of arterial pressure infusion during spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section.
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/86/3/372 (2406 words)

	{beta}-Receptor agonist activity of phenylephrine in the human forearm -- Torp et al. 90 (5): 1855 -- Journal of ...
		the interpretation of studies conducted with phenylephrine (17).
		of phenylephrine in the human forearm (6, 9, 10, 15,
		Human sympathetic and vagal baroreflex responses to sequential nitroprusside and phenylephrine.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/90/5/1855 (2360 words)

	Human sympathetic and vagal baroreflex responses to sequential nitroprusside and phenylephrine -- Rudas et al. 276 (5): ...
		This study is a retrospective analysis of data published in two earlier studies (21, 30).
		Phenylephrine given before nitroprusside increased average systolic pressures by 22 ± 7 mmHg.
		phenylephrine was unrelated to the age of the subject (P = 0.17).
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/5/H1691 (4826 words)

	Promethazine and Phenylephrine
		Long-term nasal congestion and headache are treated by phenylephrine.
		Promethazine, if taken before coming in contact with the material that causes the allergy, blocks the allergic reaction by minimizing/preventing the body's reaction to the allergen.
		Phenylephrine shrinks swollen nasal tissue and opens up passages.
	www.umm.edu /altmed/ConsDrugs/PromethazineandPhenylephrinecd.html (566 words)

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