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	Philadelphia Nativist Riots - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Philadelphia Nativist Riots (also known as the Philadelphia prayer riots of 1844 and the Bible Riots) were a series of riots that took place May 3 and July 4, 1844.
		The riots involved conflicts between nativists and recent Irish Catholic immigrants.
		The rioting spread from Irish areas of Philadelphia to more central areas and led to significant property destruction, particularly of churches, and numerous injuries, including a handful of documented fatalities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Philadelphia_Nativist_Riots (280 words)

	Nativism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nativism is a hostile and defensive reaction to the flux of immigration.
		Nativist outbursts occurred in the Northeast from the 1830s to the 1850s, primarily in response to a surge of Irish Catholic immigration.
		American nativist sentiment experienced a resurgence in the late 20th century, this time directed at 'illegal aliens,' largely Mexican resulting in the passage of new penalties against illegal immigration in 1996.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nativism (921 words)

	Nativism Info - Bored Net - Boredom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In the south, during Reconstruction and again in the 1920s, nativist Ku Klux Klan members were as intolerant of Catholics as of fls.
		Nativist sentiment experienced a revival in the 1880s, in response to new waves of immigation.
		It was involved in several anti-Catholic riots in the late 19th century, including the Philadelphia Nativist Riots.
	www.borednet.com /e/n/encyclopedia/n/na/nativism.html (412 words)

	Travel in Philadelphia - Pennsylvania - USA -Culture-WorldTravelGate.net®-
		Philadelphia was the nation's theatrical centre until well after the Revolution, its stages having hosted the greatest players of Europe and America.
		Philadelphia still has innumerable small, endowed charities of Quaker origin to provide the poor with coal or food--as well as one of the oldest and strongest municipal commissions on human relations.
		During the early national and antebellum periods, many fl leaders came from or centred their activities in Philadelphia, and the free fl community there was intensely involved in many efforts to abolish slavery, assist fugitive slaves, and advance the general social and economic well-being of fls.
	www.americatravelling.net /usa/pennsylvania/philadelphia/philadelphia_culture.htm (1358 words)

	Receiving Erin's Children: Philadelphia, Liverpool, and the Irish Famine Migration, 1845-1855, by Matthew J. Galllman. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Philadelphia, long a major trading port, had by the 1840s emerged as a leading industrial center even as it was losing ground commercially to New York City.
		Philadelphia's Irish were most concentrated in the industrial areas of Kensington and Southwark, north and south of the city.
		Philadelphia's Irish developed a multitiered associational world, including elite clubs, literary societies for the upwardly bound, friendly societies for those who were closer to the edge, and volunteer fire companies, which attracted a range of classes, including many working-class immigrants.
	uncpress.unc.edu /chapters/gallman_receiving.html (6741 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄:::
		Nativism is a hostile and defensive reactionary reaction to the flux of immigration.
		Nativist sentiment experienced a revival in the 1880s, led by Protestant Irish immigrants hostile to Catholic immigation.
		American nativist sentiment experienced a resurgence in the late 20th century, this time directed at 'illegal aliens,' largely Mexico Mexican resulting in the passage of new penalties against illegal immigration in 1996.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Nativism.html (1030 words)

	BIBLE RIOTS: When Christians Killed Each Other Over Religion in Public Schools
		The jury, stacked with nativists, declared that the riots were caused by the "efforts of a portion of the community to exclude the Bible from our public schools" and blamed hotheaded Irish for disrupting ARP meetings.
		Philadelphia was not the only city plagued by Catholic-Protestant strife during this period, although no other city had such violence.
		Finally, the Bible riots show that mandatory religious exercises have no place in public schools, which are expected to serve children from all different religious backgrounds.
	members.tripod.com /~candst/boston3.htm (3109 words)

	The Philadelphia Bible Riots
		The rise of the Nativist movement in the United States was a backlash against the large tide of Irish and German immigrants.
		One person, recalling the riots, recounted that when there appeared to be a mob approaching the church he was in on one Sunday, the Mass continued, but the male members of the congregation slipped out of the pews, and gathered at the back of the church, handing out clubs.
		The Philadelphia Riots would prove to be another bump in the road to acceptance that the Irish would endure.
	www.aoh61.com /history/bible/phila_bible_riots.htm (966 words)

	AOH in America
		Rioting in Irish Kensington was one thing, but rioting in elite Philadelphia was another, especially when the Mayor was stoned as he tried to calm the mobs.
		Thousands of enraged nativists marched on Southwark a day after they had shown their strength with a gigantic July 4 parade; a parade that was very pro-American, very anti-Irish, and very anti-Catholic.
		Tyrone-born Bishop John Hughes told the Nativist Mayor James Harper that he was sending Irish volunteers to defend the churches and that, if one Catholic church was burned, "New York would be another Moscow." "Dagger-John" was known to be a man of his word and no churches were burned.
	www.aohoc.com /aohamerica.htm (2696 words)

	Know-Nothing movement - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In the South the party was not nativist, and allowed Catholics to join; it was the major opposition to the dominant Democratic party in the mid and late 1850s.
		In New York City, the American Party degenerated into a local political party and allegedly nativist street gang that was the principal opponent of the immigrant-based Tammany Hall.
		The events of that conflict, including the New York Draft Riots of 1863, are portrayed in the book by Herbert Asbury titled Gangs of New York, and more loosely portrayed in the movie of the same name.
	www.bharatgrid.com /mediawiki/index.php/Know-Nothing_movement (1108 words)

	2006 Annual Meeting Supplement: Philadelphia's Public Spaces: Shared, Contested, Celebrated
		Philadelphia is known as a city of neighborhoods, with all the local color and friendliness that such a sobriquet implies.
		In 1682, when Quaker William Penn conceived Philadelphia to be a "haven for those low in the world," he welcomed Native Americans, Anglicans, and of course his fellow Quakers who, within a generation, were outnumbered by non-Quakers.
		Between 1800 and 1850, Philadelphia regularly experienced race riots, political riots, and anti-Catholic and nativist riots.
	www.historians.org /Perspectives/Issues/2005/0512/supplement/0512ann10.cfm (625 words)

	Olde St. Augustine Church
		Birthplace of The Philadelphia Police Department, The Philadelphia Orchestra, and the forerunner of Villanova University.
		Kensington, an area north of the Philadelphia border (at the time) and northwest of St. Augustine was heavily dominated by the Irish.
		Nativists suggested that the Irish-Catholics had deliberately desecrated an American flag that the martyred Shiffler had been trying to defend.
	www.ushistory.org /tour/tour_staug.htm (2204 words)

	History of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Czestochowa Church, Albany, NY
		Nativist sentiment experienced a revival in the 1880s, in response to new waves of immigration.
		It produced several anti-Catholic riots in the late 19th century, including the Philadelphia Nativist Riots.
		Between 1920 and 1940 nativist "scientists" performed experiments on the corpses of Eastern and Southern European immigrants.
	www.bvmc.org /history/BVMC_History.html (1651 words)

	Nativism
		American Nativism was created in response to the surge in immigration between 1846 and 154 when about 3 million Europeans immigrated into the United States, This movement ensured that those born in America, would receive better treatment than immigrants.
		In 1849, A secret nativist society called the Order of the Star Spangled Banner, was formed as a result of the fear of immigrants.
		It was involved in several anti-Catholic riots in the late 18th century, including the Philadelphia Nativist Riots.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/n/na/nativism.html (356 words)

	Ethnic Cleansing, Philadelphia Style
		Squinting through the window of her Grays Ferry rowhouse," Matza continues causing the alert reader to wonder what he was doing in her bedroom at that hour of the night, "Annette Williams, a fl housekeeper, saw a pile of white men atop her son, Raheem, pounding the 17-year-old in the middle of the street.
		In Philadelphia at Independence Hall on July 4, 1962, a Catholic president, a Catholic governor of Pennsylvania, and a Catholic mayor of Philadelphia all bowed their heads in prayer as Archbishop Krol invoked God's blessing on what many people still considered a Protestant country.
		Focusing on Boston, Philadelphia, Detroit, and Chicago, Dr. Jones shows that Government sponsored "renewal" of American cities was not a program that failed by going sadly awry, but instead was a planned destruction of the ethnic neighborhoods that made up the human, residential heart of the cities.
	www.culturewars.com /CultureWars/Archives/cw_recent/ethniccleansing.html (7892 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		U.S. nativism arose as a reaction to the dislocations in labor supply and work opportunities occasioned by the surges in immigration after the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825.
		The debate between nativism and empiricism is the basis of all research into the development of perception.
		Nativists believe that humans are born with all their perceptual functions ready to be used...
	nativism.iqexpand.com /index.php?title=Userlogin&returnto=Nativism (1043 words)

	Anti-Catholicism - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		John Jay in 1788 promoted the New York legislature to require officeholders to renounce foreign authorities "in all matters ecclesiastical as well as civil."[6].
		More significant anti-Catholicism has historically been conspicuous among the beliefs of various nativist organisations from the Know-Nothing Party to the Ku Klux Klan.
		The case of the murder of Father James Coyle had more to do with racial issues, but is a prime example of anti-Catholic violence in the US.
	arikah.net /encyclopedia/Anti-Catholicism (2878 words)

	portland imc - 2003.11.01 - Zinn quotes: history may repeat itself
		There is no complete record of the meetings, riots, actions, organized and disorganized, violent and nonviolent, which took place in the mid-nineteenth century, as the country grew, as the cities became crowded, with working conditions bad, living conditions intolerable, with the economy in the hands of bankers, speculators, landlords, merchants.
		In 1835, fifty different trades organized unions in Philadelphia, and there was a successful general strike of laborers, factory workers, bookbinders, jewelers, coal heavers, butchers, cabinet workers--for the ten-hour day.
		In May 1844 there were Protestant-Catholic riots in Kensington, a suburb of Philadelphia; nativist (anti-immigrant) rioters destroyed the weavers' neighborhoods and attacked a Catholic church.
	portland.indymedia.org /en/2003/11/274192.shtml (727 words)

	Know-Nothing Movement Encyclopedia Article @ IntAdopt.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Whig candidate in Philadelphia was editor Robert Conrad, soon revealed as a Know-Nothing; he promised to crack down on crime, close saloons on Sundays, and to appoint only native-born Americans to office.
		The collapsing second party system gave the Know Nothings a much larger pool of potential converts than was available to previous nativist organizations, allowing the Order to succeed where older nativist groups had failed.
		In spring 1855, Levi Boone was elected Mayor of Chicago for the Know-Nothings.
	www.intadopt.org /encyclopedia/Know-Nothing_movement (1315 words)

	Sample NHD Topics : Historical Society of Pennsylvania
		Â During the riots of 1844 in Philadelphia, nativist mobs attacked Catholic churches and homes in Irish neighborhoods, burning several to the ground and leaving numerous Irish families homeless.
		Nativist groups argued that they were defending themselves against an Irish mob that tried to suppress their constitutional rights to freedom of assembly and speech.
		The nativists, the Irish, and the military each took an active role in the riots and believed that they were Â taking a necessary stand.
	www.hsp.org /default.aspx?id=474 (723 words)

	List of riots - One Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		1229 - University of Paris strike of 1229 Student riot leads to closing of university for 2 years.
		1973 and 1974 - Greece: student riots and revolution at Polytechnio, military junta overthrown
		2001 - December 20 & 21 Riots (Buenos Aires,Argentina)
	www.onelang.com /encyclopedia/index.php/List_of_riots (314 words)

	PHMC: Governors of Pennsylvania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		During his second term, the imprisonment of people for debts was abolished, but he faced difficult decisions with a rise of anti-foreign prejudice.
		During "Nativist riots" in Philadelphia in 1844, mainly directed toward Irish Catholic immigrants, Governor Porter acted firmly to suppress violence.
		The new state constitution no longer allowed a third term as governor and acrimony with the assembly-including attempts to impeach him- and his own party's position against protective tariffs, which Porter favored, caused the governor to retire from politics.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /bah/dam/governors/porter.asp?secid=31 (794 words)

	All Things Augustine - Spring 2002
		The trials endured during the "Nativist riots are said to have fortified the college as an Roman Catholic, Augustinian institution.
		Living at St. Augustine’s in Philadelphia, he was president only in name, and came to Villanova to teach seminarians homiletics once or twice a week.
		The Catholics of Philadelphia were mostly poor immigrant workmen who were unable to provide a relatively expensive education for their sons.
	heritage.villanova.edu /vu/heritage/allthings/2002SPa.htm (2416 words)

	Iraq's election result: a divided nation - Page 9 - Sean Hannity Discussion
		Check out the "Nativist" riots of the mid 1800s in Philadelphia and New York, among other places.
		"Nativist" protestants were violently opposed to the presence of immigrant Irish Catholics, and there were huge riots, mayhem and outright battles between the two groups.
		Yes, it was not of the duration or on the scale of what has been going on in the Mid-East, but it cannot be denied either.
	www.hannity.com /forum/showthread.php?p=1341399#post1341399 (660 words)

	Learn more about List of riots in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Learn more about List of riots in the online encyclopedia.
		Hint: Play with putting spaces before and after your words to see the different results you get.
		1863 - New York Draft Riot (New York)
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/list_of_riots.html (166 words)

	Bible Riots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Philadelphia clergy joined a burgeoning national movement to suspend
		Philadelphia in early July, when rumors spread that Catholics were
		that the riots were caused by the "efforts of a portion of the community to
	www.auindy.org /riots.html (2720 words)

	Saint Charles Seminary - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fear that Catholics would come to dominate some of the schools and local politics led many of the most extreme Nativists to organize speaking engagements in a heavily Irish Catholic section of Kensington, then a suburb of Philadelphia.
		On May 3, Catholics in the audience of a Nativist tirade against the Pope and Catholicism, jeered and heckled the speakers.
		The Nativists left and returned with 3,000 armed men on May 6.
	www.scs.edu /history/history_2b.htm (272 words)

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