Where results make sense

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   PR   |   Contact us

Madagascar's Battle for Independence The PSD was led by Philibert Tsiranana, a well-educated Tsimihety from the northern coastal region who was one of three Malagasy deputies elected in 1956 to the National Assembly in Paris. Consistent with Tsiranana's firm commitment to remain attached to Western civilization, the new regime made plain its intent to maintain strong ties to France and the West in the economic, defense, and cultural spheres. Tsiranana's position was further strengthened by the broad, multiethnic popular base of the PSD among the côtiers, whereas the opposition was severely disorganized. www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/madagascar.htm   (1703 words)

worldsurface.com - sustainable tourism for backpackers and independent travellers Tsiranana was elected president of the republic, and he was instrumental in obtaining its independence on June 26, 1960. Under his regime, successive development plans were inspired, according to Tsiranana, by a “grassroots socialism” and were aimed at improving the lot of the peasantry. Tsiranana was reelected in January 1972, but political and labour unrest and his own poor health led him to appoint Major General Gabriel Ramanantsoa as prime minister with full powers of government. www.worldsurface.com /browse/static.asp?staticpageid=144   (1255 words)

Madagascar. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) On Oct. 14, 1958, the country—renamed the Malagasy Republic—became autonomous within the French Community and Tsiranana was elected president. Under Tsiranana (reelected in 1965 and 1972), an autocratic ruler whose PSD controlled parliament, government was centralized, the coastal peoples (côtiers) were favored over those of the interior (especially the Merina), and French economic and cultural influence remained strong. Ramanantsoa freed political prisoners jailed by Tsiranana, began to reduce French influence in the country, broke off relations with South Africa, and generally followed a moderately leftist course. www.bartleby.com /65/ma/Madagasc.html   (1851 words)

Chronology   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) Tsiranana practiced a moderate, pragmatic socialism and maintained strong ties with France. Tsiranana's regime provided the basis for the formation of a privileged class which cut across Merina-cotier lines. The opposition was dissatisfied with the deterioration of the economy, with the president's continued subservience to French interests, and with the government's authoritarianism. www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/data/madmerinchro.htm   (2042 words)

The Anthropological Niche of Douglas W. Hume: Madagascar: Historical Overview Philibert Tsiranana is re-elected as president of Madagascar, but opposition forces not happy with Tsiranana's leadership begin to gain strength Strong opposition of the Tsiranana lead government culminated with the revolt in 1972 of more than 400 students and the arrival of 50,000 Malagasy demonstrators in Antananarivo who "demanded Tsiranana’s resignation, a revision of the Accords with France and the removal of French troops" (Gow 1984:683). As a result of this revolt, the government was handed to Tsiranana’s army commander, General Gabriel Ramantsoa, who eventually saw the to changes that had been the subjects of revolt (Gow 1984:683). members.aol.com /archaeodog/madagascar/mad_history.htm   (1612 words)

Richard Ratsimandrava - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In 1972 President Gabriel Ramanantsoa established a military government to replace the independence government of Philibert Tsiranana, and Ratsimandrava was appointed Minister of the Interior. In this position, he was able to manipulate the army, which led to the ousting of Ramanantsoa on February 5, 1975. The event nearly plunged the country into civil war between supporters of the military government and former President Tsiranana. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richard_Ratsimandrava   (162 words)

PHILIBERT "PHILIBERT" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "an abundant brightness". "PHILIBERT" is a common misspelling or typo for: Hilbert. "PHILIBERT" is used about 2 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/PH/PHILIBERT.html   (508 words)

General strike in Madagascar   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) When independence was granted in 1960 the new government, led by Philibert Tsiranana, still maintained close economic and political ties with France. In a situation of economic stagnation and falling living standards, the strike was widely supported by workers, public servants, peasants and the unemployed. Tsiranana declared a state of emergency and turned power over to the army to restore law and order. www.wsws.org /articles/2002/feb2002/mad-f05.shtml   (827 words)

politics of madagascar - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com In an effort to decentralize administration, the constitution calls for the six provinces (faritany) to become autonomous. Madagascar's first President, Philibert Tsiranana, was elected when his Social Democratic Party gained power at independence in 1960 and was reelected without opposition in March 1972. The unrest continued, and Tsiranana's successor, Gen. Gabriel Ramanantsoa, resigned on February 5, 1975, handing over executive power to Lt. Col. www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/politics-of-madagascar   (822 words)

Madagascar   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) Madagascar became independent as the Malagasy Republic in 1960, under Philibert Tsiranana, who established one-party rule. Tsiranana maintained friendly relations with the racialist regime in South Africa. Popular demonstrations in 1972, forced Tsiranana to hand power over to Gen. Gabriel Ramanantsoa. www.worldhistoryplus.com /m/madagascar.html   (379 words)

Madagascar - HISTORY The country gained full independence from colonial rule on June 26, 1960. Philibert Tsiranana headed the conservative regime of the First Republic, which was superseded in 1975 by a Marxist-oriented military regime under Lieutenant Commander Didier Ratsiraka. In the face of rising political dissent and socioeconomic decline that reached its height at the beginning of the 1990s, the Second Republic succumbed to the wave of democratization spreading throughout the African continent. www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/madagascar/HISTORY.html   (5034 words)

AllRefer.com - Philibert Tsiranana (African History, Biography) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com - Philibert Tsiranana (African History, Biography) - Encyclopedia Philibert Tsiranana[fElEbAr´ tsErAnA´nA] Pronunciation Key, 1910–78, president of the Malagasy Republic (now Madagascar; 1960–72). He served in the legislature of Madagascar and represented the island in the French national assembly before becoming (1958) prime minister. reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/Tsiranan.html   (170 words)

Madagascar: Political Parties   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) The 1972 uprising ended with the resignation of president Philibert Tsiranana, who had been ruling over the country since 1956 (first as president of the autonomous republic and from 1958 onwards as president of the independent republic It's "Rally for Socialism and Democracy" (Rassemblement pour le Socialism et la Démocratie - RPSD), the incarnation of the Social Demoratic Party (Parti Social Démocrate - PSD), that was legalized in 1990 as a revival of the party originally formed in 1957 by Philibert Tsirinana and is still frequently referenced under the earlier rubric. In 1997 it was led by Pierre Tsirinana, son of Philibert. fotw.vexillum.com /flags/mg}.html   (793 words)

Fear and Loathing in Madagascar... a bad year finally turns for the better The uprising was quelled with the use of Senegalese troops by the French, and around 100,000 Malagasy died, mostly in the highlands. After independence, Madagascar democratically elected a president, Philibert Tsiranana, but eventually the military took over in 1972. The north west city of Mahajanga was known to have returned a Ravalomana majority in the December election, though Ravalomanana's designated governor Pierre Tsiranana (the son of Madagascar's first post-independence president, before the military took over) had yet to be installed. www.frootsmag.com /content/madagascar/fandl   (2573 words)

Madagascar After a decade of political stability, Malagasy underwent serious unrest in the early 1970s, although Tsiranana was reelected for the second time in January 1972. In the spring, however, a student strike grew into general rioting, and Tsiranana was forced to turn power over to the army chief of staff, General Gabriel Ramanantsoa. Ramanantsoa was ousted by other elements of the military in early 1975; in June, Lieutenant Commander Didier Ratsiraka was named head of state. www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/GeogHist/histories/history/hiscountries/M/madagascar.html   (815 words)

madag.htm Unsurprisingly, Tsiranana and the PSD played on the ethnocentrism, insularity, and the linguistic and geographic unity of the islanders for support. The elected government of Tsiranana and the PSD was unable to keep the country economically stable and he resigned. He did release the country from single party rule that Tsiranana had instituted, but his attempt to institute Marxist socialism was unsuccessful. www.frontiernet.net /~mmulford/madag.htm   (4052 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) In 1958 the French government conducted a referendum on the question of independence, which was overwhelmingly supported. In 1960 the Malagasy Republic became an independent nation under President Philibert Tsiranana. In 1972 violent riots forced Tsiranana to relinquish power to Gen. Gabriel Ranamantsoa. www.paly.net /~djohnson/afprojects/madagascar1/history.html   (266 words)

Madagascar The first president of the republic was Philibert Tsiranana, leader of the Social Democratic Party, which identified itself with the cotiers. In 1972 the army, representing the Merina, took control of the government and pursued a more nationalistic line than Tsiranana. This caused resentment among the cotiers and, with rising unemployment, led to a government crisis in 1975 that resulted in the imposition of martial law under a national military directorate and the banning of all political parties. www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0019814.html   (1362 words)

Africa and Communism - Chapter 4   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) President Philibert Tsiranana is pro-Western and has taken elaborate steps to steer his country well away from Communist clutches. In his anti-Communist battle, Tsiranana is beset by acute economic problems and by growing disenchantment with the Government from the Hova tribe, the traditional rulers of Malagasy and still the most influential of the tribes. However, Tsiranana is so staunchly anti-Communist that he is likely to be able to resist any Communist advances from within or outside Malagasy. home.wanadoo.nl /rhodesia/metrochap4.html   (9942 words)

Assemblée Nationale Malagasy   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) The first legislative elections took place and lead to a majority of Social Democrates (PSD) of President Philibert Tsiranana at the Assembly. If on the constitutional level all democratic mechanisms have been set up to exercise control on the State leadership, these did never truly work because of the supremacy of the PSD which in fact ruled the country until 1972 leaving true legislative power in the hands of the President. After the bloodshed of may 1972 which obliged President Tsiranana to get dismissed in favor of General Ramanantsoa and after the referendum of October 8 th 1927, the first National Assembly and the Senat where replaced by a Popular National Council for Development (CNPD) lead by priest Fety Michel. www.assemblee-nationale.mg /en/history.php   (1036 words)

Deafening silence on a horrifying repression, by Philippe Leymarie   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) The French, particularly the socialists, tried to present themselves as the defenders of the "oppressed" Malagasies against their upper-class exploiters. This was the ideological justification for the French support for Padesm, initially an anti-nationalist movement and subsequently a model for President Philibert Tsiranana’s impending social democratic party, which allowed France to keep Madagascar in its fold during the First Malagasy Republic (1958-1972). This was severely repressed by Philibert Tsiranana, the first president of the independent republic. mondediplo.com /1997/03/02madagascar   (1296 words)

Minorities At Risk (MAR)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) The PSD (Social Democratic Party), a cotier-supported party, emerged as the dominant political force by 1959 when its leader Philibert Tsiranana was elected president. An anti-government revolt emerged when the security forces killed thirty-four protestors in May. President Tsiranana handed over power to General Ramanantsoa who was to govern for a five-year transitional period. Ramanantsoa was a Merina who drew his support from the plateau area which was populated by the Merina and the Betsileo. www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/data/madmerin.htm   (1002 words)

Kumm - Global Facts   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) A pliable government, acceptable to the French, under Philibert Tsiranana, acceeded to power at the time of independence in 1960. In 1972 Tsiranana had to resign in the face of repeated rebellion in the country-side. The following year the government was taken over by a military officer, Admiral Didier Ratsiraka, who stayed in power for seventeen years and brought Madagascar closer to the Eastern bloc. www.imfmetal.org /kumm/index.cfm?n=326&c=1798&l=2   (440 words)

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Tsiranana, Philibert @ HighBeam Research   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Tsiranana, Philibert @ HighBeam Research TSIRANANA, PHILIBERT [Tsiranana, Philibert], 1910-78, president of the Malagasy Republic (now Madagascar; 1960-72). Our archive contains millions of documents from thousands of sources and goes back over 23 years. www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Tsiranan&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf   (125 words)

Madagascar   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) In 1885 the French forced the Merina kingdom to accept a protectorate and in 1886 they made Madagascar a colony, which ment abolishing the Merina monarchy. In 1958 the country became the Malagasy Republic, a self-governing member of the first presedent, Philibert Tsiranana,, was democratic. The French influence was on the government and economy had remained strong until 1972, when Tsiranana was forced out of office by military leaders. tps.dpi.state.nc.us /connectafrica/madagascar/history.html   (279 words)

Redemption Madagascar underwent a peaceful transition to independence in 1960, although the colons, as the French settlers were called still had alot of influence. Philibert Tsiranana, the first president and a Merina, gradually became more oppressive. His voilent repression of a revolt in the country's south in 1972 lead to his resignation to his army commander, General Gabriel Ramantsoa. groups.msn.com /Redemption/mdgscr1.msnw   (1270 words)

Resources on the Tsimihety Probably the first European to see Madagascar was Diogo Dias, a Portuguese...led by Philibert Tsiranana (a Tsimihety), gained predominance in Madagascar. Madagascar - (măd´´găs´cär), officially Democratic Republic of Madagascar,...led by Philibert Tsiranana (a Tsimihety), gained predominance in Madagascar. The PSD was led by Philibert Tsiranana, a well-educated Tsimihety from the northern... www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/african/Tsimihety.html   (991 words)

MSN Encarta - Archive Article - 1962: Malagasy Republic Cross references refer to Archive articles of the same year. President Philibert Tsiranana, who celebrated his fiftieth birthday in 1962, continued to bring his republic more prominently into the African scene. At his invitation UNESCO held its first Conference of Higher Education in Africa in the republic's capital of Tananarive in September 1962. encarta.msn.com /sidebar_1741578284/1962_Malagasy_Republic.html   (162 words)

Winne.com - Report on Madagascar, A thousand hills & thousand of wills In May 18, 1972, considering the events, the first President of the Republic, Mr. Philibert Tsiranana, stepped down and gave his full powers to the Army's Chief of Staff, General Gabriel Ramanantsoa. May 1972 would remain the symbol of a new birth in the collective memory. www.winne.com /madagascar/cr00english.html   (690 words)

iqexpand.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) Presidents of Madagascar, 1959-present Philibert Tsiranana: 1 May 1959 - 11... Presidents of Madagascar, 1959-present Philibert Tsiranana: 1 May 1959 - 11 October 1972... Presidents of Madagascar, 1959-present Philibert Tsiranana: 1 May 1959 11 October... list_of_presidents_of_madagascar.iqexpand.com   (407 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   Press   |   Contact us   Copyright © 2005-2007 www.factbites.com Usage implies agreement with terms.