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	Philip Armour and the Packing Industry
		Philip Armour built Chicago's largest meatpacking company and was an important philanthropist.
		Armour purchased land west of the stockyards in 1872 and built a large pork plant.
		Armour Institute (1893), later changed to Illinois Institute of Technology, taught engineering, architecture, and library science to high-school graduates at nominal cost.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/1724.html (283 words)

	American Experience \| Chicago: City of the Century \| People & Events
		Philip Danforth Armour was born in 1833 on the family farm in upstate New York.
		A study in 1911 determined that the average weekly wage at Armour was $9.50, whereas the living wage for a family of five was $15.40.
		His favorite charities were the Armour Mission, established by his brother and offering a kindergarten, library, and free medical care, and the Armour Institute, providing technical education, often on scholarship, for fl and white boys, and trade courses for girls.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/chicago/peopleevents/p_armour.html (665 words)

	Home
		Armour was born on a family farm in Oneida, New York in 1833.
		Armour said that the big deals were usually made early, “before the boys with polished nails show up” [5].
		Armour throughout his life had a blinded view of himself in contrast to how others saw him through his actions.
	www.wright.edu /~johnson.156/philip.htm (816 words)

	PHILIP DANFORTH ARMOUR... - Online Information article about PHILIP DANFORTH ARMOUR...
		Armour, Plankington and Co., pork packers, whose headquarters were at Milwaukee.
		Of this firm, the name of which was changed to Armour and Co. in 187o, he became the head in 1875, and thereafter the business made such rapid progress that in 1901 as many as 11,000 hands were employed.
		Armour's private fortune was supposed to exceed $50,000,000.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /APO_ARN/ARMOUR_PHILIP_DANFORTH_1832_190.html (480 words)

	Philip Danforth Armour Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Philip Armour was born on May 16, 1832, at Stock-bridge, N.Y. His father was a farmer of Scotch-Irish and Puritan origins.
		Armour blazed trails in two ways: his companies owned and operated their own freight cars, forcing special, lower carload rates from the carrier railroads; and he aggressively entered English, German, and French markets, breaking down local resistance to American hog and beef products.
		Armour was attacked because he operated family-owned companies rather than publicly owned ones and because he got his working capital from local (Chicago and Kansas City) banks and his investment capital from the plowing back of profits.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/philip-danforth-armour (630 words)

	Philip Danforth Armour - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		PHILIP DANFORTH ARMOUR (1832-1901), American merchant and philanthropist, was born in Stockbridge, New York, on the 16th of May 1832.
		He also obtained a large interest in the firm H. Armour and Co., which was founded by his brother, Herman Ossian Armour (1837-1901), and which, starting as a grain commission business, in 1868 established also a large pork-packing plant.
		Besides contributing to many charitable enterprises, Armour founded the Armour Institute of Technology at Chicago in 1892 and the Armour Flats in Chicago, built for the purpose of supplying at a low rental good homes for working men and their families.
	www.1911ency.org /Philip_Danforth_Armour (307 words)

	Philip Armour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Phillip Armour, who at the age of 20 walked from his home—a farm near Stockbridge, New York—to California and arrived there six months later, tried his hand as a ditching contractor, decided that was too much work—even after earning $8,000 in five years—and opened a meat market, carving up hogs and cattle in Placerville.
		Armour took his profits from his California business and established a plant in Milwaukee.
		The Armour packing industry became the foremost meat supplier in the country.
	www.sierrafoothillmagazine.com /armour.html (93 words)

	A Bio. of America: Industrial Supremacy - Transcript
		Armour had come up the hard way, leaving his home in Oneida, New York at age nineteen for the gold fields of California, where he dug sluice ways for miners.
		By staying in business through ruthless cost cutting, Armour claimed he was doing the only two things he could do for American workers: providing them jobs and affordable, mass-produced meat for their families.
		What Armour ignored, or chose to put out of his mind, was that he ran a business that treated its workers like industrial slaves.
	www.learner.org /biographyofamerica/prog14/transcript/page04.html (1226 words)

	eoa : East St. Louis, Illinois: "Hog Capital of the Nation"
		Philip Armour was a Chicago industrialist who mechanized the processing of hogs in a time before refrigeration.
		Philip Armour and his colleague Gustavus Swift were true founders of some of the great modern business practices that remain in use today around the globe.
		Armour promptly gave his pastor $1 million to establish a manual training school to be known as the Armour Institute of Technology and open to all, regardless of social class.
	www.eco-absence.org /esl/petraitis.htm (3741 words)

	AllRefer.com - Philip Danforth Armour (Food And Cooking, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Philip Danforth Armour[Ar´mur] Pronunciation Key, 1832–1901, American meatpacker, b.
		Stockbridge, N.Y. Armour's Chicago meatpacking plants introduced new principles of large-scale organization, as well as refrigeration, to the industry.
		He is said to have been one of the first to notice the tremendous waste in the slaughtering of hogs and to take advantage of the resale value of waste products.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/Armour-P.html (213 words)

	More on Philips
		Philips is organized in a number of business units: Philips Consumer Electronics, Philips Semiconductors, Philips Lighting, Philips Medical Systems and Philips Domestic appliances and personal care.
		Philips introduced the compact audio cassette tape, which was wildly successful, though their attempt at a standard for video cassette recorders, the V2000, was unsuccessful in the face of competition from the Betamax and VHS standards.
		ASM Lithography is a spin-off from a division of Philips.
	www.eduhistory.com /philips.htm (414 words)

	Illinois Institute of Technology - Archives
		Little did she realize that she was laying foundation for Armour Institute of Technology.
		We must go back now to Plymouth Church, where Philip D. Armour is listening to a sermon by Frank W. Gunsaulus, a young man in his thirties, a silver-tongued orator and pastor of a large and wealthy Chicago church, declaring what he would do if he had a million dollars.
		Gunsaulus and Armour were not sure, despite the sermon, what kind of school they wanted to build.
	archives.iit.edu /history/armour/pg2.html (257 words)

	ARMS AND ARMOUR (Lat. ... - Online Information article about ARMS AND ARMOUR (Lat. ...
		According to another hypothesis, the Homeric poems are true descriptions of a single age, or, in other words, the weapons of the Homeric age were far more diverse and elaborate than is supposed by Reichel.
		The hastati and the principes are both heavily armed, but the round shield has given way to the oblong (scutum), except for one-third of the hastati who bore only the spear and the light javelin (gaesa).
		To understand the development of English arms and armour it is well for us to consider carefully the fashion of these things at the time of that landmark of history, the Norman fifth-Conquest.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /APO_ARN/ARMS_AND_ARMOUR_Lat_arma_from_t.html (6232 words)

	Mini Biographies of Scots and Scots Descendants - Armour, Philip Danforth
		The Armours arrived in the Colonies from Scotland during the middle of the eighteenth century before the American Revolution.
		Philip Armour was educated at Cazenovia Academy in New York and then worked on the family farm.
		He built low cost rental apartments for his workers and founded the Armour Institute of Technology which is now known as the Illinois Institute of Technology.
	www.electricscotland.com /WEBCLANS/minibios/a/armour_philip.htm (257 words)

	Forums > thesis for soc?
		Philip Armour helped build the meat packing industry by creating regeration systems that is still used today in transportation and food storage at cold temperatures, and revolutionized...
		Philip Armour’s invention of the meat packing industry changed American society because he helped build systems that could transport and store foods that required cold temperatures in better ways used today.
		Philip Armour, the inventor of the meat packing industry, changed American society by improving systems that transport and store perishable foods.
	www.createblog.com /forums/lofiversion/index.php/t68677.html (1136 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / THE FORGOTTEN FOUR HUNDRED: CHICAGO’S FIRST MILLIONAIRES
		Armour also drove his production chiefs to find new ways for utilizing the by-products of the assembly-line slaughter, so that soap, glue, fertilizer, buttons, and brushes were as much products of the packing industry as hams and steaks.
		Meanwhile he had already given generously to the Armour Mission, a charitable and vocational-training institute under religious leadership and he was one of the founders of the city’s Orchestral Association.
		Armour’s benevolence was genuine, and so was his acceptance by the mass of his fellow citizens.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1987/7/1987_7_34.shtml (5404 words)

	American Experience \| Chicago: City of the Century
		Armour bought smaller niche businesses that made use of unwanted animal parts dumped into the Chicago River or buried on the prairies.
		Armour's drive to reduce factory waste made him more money, and it also helped clean up Chicago's polluted waterways.
		Yet in the rush to use everything, in those days before government inspection, some unwanted items -- bacteria, dead rodents, sawdust, dirt -- inevitably found their way into the processed meat, bringing pollution to the public in another form.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/chicago/sfeature/sf_made_08.html (128 words)

	Illinois Institute of Technology - Archives
		The story of the founding of Armour Institute of Technology does not begin with the opening of its doors in September, 1893.
		It goes back to a mission Sunday school in which Joseph F. Armour, a merchant of considerable means, was interested and to which he contributed liberally for its support.
		When Joseph F. Armour died, in 1881, he left a bequest of $100,000 to be used by his brother, Philip D. Armour, in establishing a Sunday school for the people of the community.
	archives.iit.edu /history/armour/index.html (266 words)

	Zettelkasten :: Armour: The Laws of Software Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Armour, Philip G. (2004): The Laws of Software Process.
		And from that starting points Armour analyses (Software) projects and which Order of Ignorance they fall into - or better - their participants.
		So I am tempted to say to Philip Armour: "Everything has been said, but not yet by everyone".
	www.artive.org /snipsnap/space/Armour:+The+Laws+of+Software+Process (319 words)

	Philip Danforth Armour - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		With his brother, Herman, he entered the grain business and built several meat packing plants in the Menomonee River Valley.
		In order to get his meat products to market Armour followed the lead of rival Gustavus Swift when he established the Armour Refrigerator Line in 1883.
		A Pullman-built "shorty" reefer bearing the Armour Packing Co. - Kansas City logo, circa 1885.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Philip_Danforth_Armour (539 words)

	TIME.com: Burnt Grain -- Apr. 25, 1927 -- Page 2
		At 20, Philip D. Armour I learned that men were finding raw gold in California.
		From Milwaukee this Armour went to Chicago where his younger brother, Herman Ossian, was in the grain commission business.
		As it was he pilloried their company as one of the vicious "trusts." It was that, for Philip D. Armour I, privately honest and eleemosynary, was in commerce ruthless.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,730471-2,00.html (629 words)

	Evening Classes at the Armour Institute of Technology, 1906-1907
		In 1874, Joseph Armour helped launch Plymouth Congregational Church's mission at 31st and State Streets.
		When he died in 1881, his estate included $100,000 for the operation of a Sunday School there, a sum matched by his brother Philip D. Armour.
		When Plymouth's minister, Frank W. Gunsaulus, announced that with a million dollars he would build a school to train people to help themselves, Philip Armour pledged the money and, in 1892, hired Gunsaulus to be the first president of Armour Institute of Technology, located at 33rd Street and Armour Avenue.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/10415.html (196 words)

	Armour Refrigerator Line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Armour Refrigerator Line (ARL, one of the Armour Car Lines) was a private refrigerator car line established in 1883 by Chicago meat packer Philip Armour, the founder of Armour and Company.
		Armour's endeavor soon became the largest private refrigerator car fleet in America.
		The Armour and Company Icehouse article at the Nebraska State Historical Society official website.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Armour_Refrigerator_Line (377 words)

	Newport of the Midwest
		As president of Armour Meat Packing in Chicago, Armour made his money in swine.
		When his son, Philip Jr., eloped with May Lester, the elder Armour gave the newlyweds a 139-acre portion of his estate.
		When the elder Armour passed away, May moved her two sons to his estate and lived there with her mother-in-law.
	www.gmtoday.com /content/LSW/2004/July/60.asp (1508 words)

	NEWCITYCHICAGO.COM: Street Smart Chicago
		Armour Swift-Ekrich (1867) Philip Armour moves to Chicago from Milwaukee and begins butchering beef and pork.
		In 1877, Swift partners with a railroad to send the first unpreserved beef from Chicago to Boston; the company introduces the refrigerated boxcar in 1881, making it possible to ship meat year round.
		By 1891, Armour is the nation's largest meat packer and controls 30 percent of Chicago's grain supply.
	www.newcitychicago.com /chicago/food-2000-02-10-87.html (561 words)

	Sea Shepherd - Sea Shepherd Featured in May Edition of Outside Magazine
		There is Peter Heller’s excellent article titled The Whale Warriors: Whaling in the Antarctic Seas in the May edition of National Geographic Adventure covering our campaign to the Southern Oceans of Antarctica to oppose illegal Japanese whaling.
		I can’t be: My ancestor and namesake was Philip D. Armour, the 19th Century Chicago meatpacker whose infamous factories inspired Upton Sinclair to write The Jungle.
		Philip article also backs up our position that the slaughter of whales is inhumane.
	www.seashepherd.org /news/media_060413_1.html (627 words)

	A Bio. of America: Industrial Supremacy - Web
		An essay on Chicago with information on Philip Armour and his legacy, and a photo of Chicago's stockyards.
		An illustrated chronology of the achievements of Armour, Swift and Eckrich, showing their role in the shaping of the meat industry.
		A descendant of the Armour family tells the family history, with photos.
	www.learner.org /biographyofamerica/prog14/web (728 words)

	Bangor Daily News
		SMYRNA MILLS - Philip Armour, 94, died Saturday, June 11, 2005, at his home in Smyrna Mills, where he had lived for the past 46 years.
		He was born March 3, 1911, at Maplehurst, New Brunswick, one of the 12 children of Samuel and Fannie (Barker) Armour.
		Philip was a member of the Smyrna Mills United Methodist Church where he had been a trustee for a number of years.
	www.bangornews.com /a/class/obituaries/obituary.cfm?id=50174 (188 words)

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