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	Philip II
		Philip II Philip II Philip II of Macedonia ruled from 359-336 B.C.E. Without the military and political efforts of Philip, Alexander would never have been as successful as he was.
		Philip had several political and military innovations that helped make Macedonia the power that it was at the time of his assassination in 336 B.C.E. Philip increased the size of the group of Royal Companions, the hetairoi, giving more people positions of power and more of a sense of belonging to the kingdom.
		Philip's military zenith was at the battle at Chaeronea in August of 338 B.C.E. Philip's army was greatly outnumbered by the Athenian and Theban forces, yet his phalanxes overwhelmed the Athenians and Thebans.
	wso.williams.edu /~junterek/philip.htm (732 words)

	Philip II of Macedonia
		Philip II of Macedonia (382-336 BC), king of Macedonia (359-336 BC), son of Amyntas II was born in Pella, the capital of ancient Macedonia.
		Philip II was a hostage in Thebes, from 370 BC to 360 BC.
		Philip's League of Corinth (337 BC) was intended to maintain and perpetuate a general peace (koine eirene); it was not a league at all, for it did not have the word symachia in it.
	www.mymacedonia.net /history/philip.htm (2087 words)

	Philip II of Macedon -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This battle made Philip tagus of (A fertile plain on the Aegean Sea in east central Greece; Thessaly was a former region of ancient Greece) Thessaly, and he claimed as his own Magnesia, with the important harbour of Pagasae.
		Philip was elected as leader ((additional info and facts about hegemon) hegemon) of a army in invasion against (An empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC) Persian Empire.
		Philip rebuked Pausanias because Attalus was one of his top (A general officer of the highest rank) generals and the (The brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt) uncle of his latest wife.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/ph/philip_ii_of_macedon1.htm (1398 words)

	History - Hellenistic: Philip (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Philip II of Macedonia reigned from 359-336 B.C.
		Philip's military zenith was at the battle at Chaeronea in August of 338 B.C. Philip's army was greatly outnumbered by the Athenian and Theban forces, yet his phalanxes successfully overwhelmed them.
		Philip wanted his march into the theater to be triumphant, and so he asked his bodyguards to stand back and out of the way to show to his people that he had nothing to fear.
	www.archaeonia.com /history/hellenistic/philip.htm (739 words)

	Macedonia FAQ: Philip II of Macedonia
		Philip II of Macedonia (382-336 BC), king of Macedonia (359-336 BC), son of Amyntas II and Eurydice was born in Pella, the capital of ancient Macedonia.
		In this moment of crisis, Philip persuaded the aristocrats to recognize him as king in place of his infant nephew, for whom he was now serving as regent after the loss of the previous king in the field.
		Philip showed that he had never intended to put Alexander's position as crown prince in jeopardy, by taking trouble to be reconciled with Alexander.
	faq.macedonia.org /history/philip.html (2236 words)

	King Philip II
		King Philip II Philip II (of Macedonia) (382-336BC), king of Macedonia (359-336BC) and father of Alexander the Great, born in Pella.
		From 367 to 365, Philip was a hostage in Thebes, and during that period he observed the military techniques of Thebes, then the greatest power in Greece.
		Philip was next requested by the Thebans to interfere in the sacred war against Phocis.
	www.angelfire.com /il/AlexanderTheGreat/Philip.html (450 words)

	Macedonia for the Macedonians
		Philip II of Macedonia (382-336 BC), king of Macedonia (359-336 BC), was born in Pella, the capital of ancient Macedonia.
		Philip II, the Macedonian "barbarian" was a hostage in Thebes, from 367 to 365, then the greatest power in Greece.
		Philip's army was greatly outnumbered by the Athenian and Theban forces, yet his phalanxes overwhelmed the Athenians and Thebans.
	www.makedonija.info /philip.html (1292 words)

	Philip of Macedon
		Philip II was a hostage of the Greeks at Thebes, between 368 and 365 BC.
		Philip ascended on the Macedonian throne in the most difficult times; the country was virtually at the brink of collapse, its neighbors ready to put an end to its existence.
		Macedonia and Greece were conquered in 167/145 BC, Seleucid Asia by 65 BC, and Cleopatra VII, the last Macedonian descendent of Ptolemy committed suicide in 30 BC, and Egypt was added to the Roman Empire.
	www.ancientmacedonia.com /PhilipofMacedon.html (3378 words)

	King Philip II of Macedonia by Kris Baker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		King Philip II was the youngest son of King Amyntas III of Macedonia and Queen Eurydice, but the deaths of his brothers (Kings Alexander II and Perdiccas III) put him closer in line to rule Macedonia than he ever thought possible.
		Philips' and Alexanders' conquests made Macedonia the dominant world power, and their palace was full of philosophers, art, literature and musicians.
		Philip was an intelligent thinker, born leader, and taught military tactics to his son.
	www.vkn.com /newsletters/july2004/king_philip.html (685 words)

	Hellenistic Greece: Philip of Macedon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Philip lived a good life in Thebes and was well-integrated into the politics and military.
		The Persian Wars still festered in the Greek memory, and the Spartan invasion of Persia in 379 BC showed Philip that it was possible to defeat the mightiest empire known to humanity.
		So in 337, Philip announced the the League would attack Persia as revenge for the wars, and in 336 he stood poised to prosecute his mighty invasion of the Persian Empire, but an assassin's sword ended his great campaign.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/GREECE/PHILIP.HTM (384 words)

	Philip II, Greece, ancient history
		Philip II led a very aggressive policy, conquering places like Amphipolis, Potidea, Pydna and Crenides, which was renamed Philippi.
		Philip knew to take advantage of the hostilities between the Greek city states, and when Thebes asked for help against the Phoceans, he gladly obliged After defeating Phocis in 356 Philip got the right to participate in Greek politics as a member of the Amphictyonic League instead of Phocis.
		Philips supposed tomb in Vergina was discovered and excavated by the Greek archeologist Andronicus in 1977.
	www.in2greece.com /english/historymyth/history/ancient/philip.htm (474 words)

	Macedonia FAQ: Philip II of Macedonia
		Philip II of Macedonia (382-336 BC), king of Macedonia (359-336 BC), was born in Pella, the capital of ancient Macedonia.
		Philip II was a hostage in Thebes, from 367 to 365, then the greatest power in Greece.
		Philip's army was greatly outnumbered by the Athenian and Theban forces, yet his phalanxes overwhelmed the Athenians and Thebans.
	faq.macedonia.org /history/11.2.html (1120 words)

	AllRefer.com - Philip II, king of Macedon (Ancient History, Greece, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		By 348 Philip had annexed the Chalcidice (now KhalkidhikI), including Olynthus, and was involved in a war over Delphi between Phocis and its neighbors.
		Philip's consolidation of his kingdom and his reduction of Greece to relative peace made possible the campaigns of his son, Alexander the Great.
		Philip was the true founder of Alexander's army and trained some of his best generals, e.g., Antigonus Cyclops, Antipater, Nearchus, Parmenion, and Perdiccas.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/Philip2-Mac.html (407 words)

	~Who Were Buried In Tomb II At Vergina~
		It is known that Philip II lost his right eye at the sige of Methone in 354 (Prag 1990, 239) and it was therefore concluded that the skeleton must belong to him.
		The head believed to be Philip II shows the scarring over the right eye attributed to the arrow wound and is thus easily identifieable, and the head believed to be Alexander bears a resemblance to many other portraits found of him, specifically the Lysippan portrait types (Adams 1980, 69).
		Philip II had won the Olympic chariot races in 356, 352 and 348 BCE (Antikas 2002, 46), and it therefore seems appropriate that Alexander would have had the team sacrificed near his father’s tomb (Hammond 1978, 337).
	www.angelfire.com /poetry/the_power_of_words/vergina.html (2069 words)

	Chemistry - Philip II of Macedon
		Philip II of Macedon (Macedonia) (382 BC - 336 BC), King of Macedon (ruled 359 BC - 336 BC), was the father of Alexander the Great (Alexander III of Macedon) and Philip III of Macedon.
		In 347 BC Philip advanced to the conquest of the eastern districts about the Hebrus, and compelled the submission of the Thracian prince Cersobleptes.
		Philip rebuked Pausanias because Attalus was one of his top generals and the uncle of his latest wife.
	www.chemistrydaily.com /chemistry/Philip_II_of_Macedon (954 words)

	[No title]
		Philip met the end of his life on the day of celebration of the new marriage of daughter Cleopatra to Alexander brother of Olympias,.
		It was not Philip’s new wife that had upset Olympias, it was the fact that he publicly rejected her to be with Cleopatra, maybe going as far as divorcing her.
		Philip knew that this would be too lowly of a marriage for the future king of Macedonia; he stopped the marriage and punished Alexander by exiling four of his friends.
	www.skidmore.edu /academics/classics/courses/2003spring/hi361f/laird.doc (6105 words)

	Philip II of Macedonia
		Philip II (382): king of Macedonia* (360-336), responsible for the modernization of his kingdom and its expansion into Greece, father of Alexander the Great.
		Philip was now at an age to understand what he saw, and learned a lot about warfare, about city life, and the importance of Persia, a Theban ally.
		Shortly before Philip set out to the Paeonians, king Artaxerxes II Mnemon of Persia died and was succeeded by his son Artaxerxes III Ochus, an energetic man whose main aim was to reconquer Egypt.
	www.livius.org /phi-php/philip/philip_ii.htm (1046 words)

	Old World Contacts/Armies/Philip II of Macedon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Philip II of Macedonia ruled from 359-336BCE, laying the foundations for the military and political achievements of his son, Alexander.
		Philip introduced numerous innovations to the Macedonian army and established alliances with the Balkan peoples that provided both himself and Alexander with the organisation and resources necessary to carry out such conquests.
		Philip made several political and military innovations that contributed to the expanded power of Macedonia.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/oldwrld/armies/philip2.html (427 words)

	Philip of Macedon Philip II of Macedonia Biography
		The Thracians were already in possession of eastern Macedonia, the strongest Greek military power of Thebes continuously intervened in the internal Macedonian politics, the Greeks colonies on the edge of Macedonia, particularly Olynthus, were obstacle to Macedonia's economy and presented a military danger, and the invasions of the Illyrians put north-western Macedonia under their occupation.
		Philip II was a hostage of the Greeks at Thebes, between 368 and 365 BC.
		Philip ascended on the Macedonian throne in the most difficult times; the country was virtually at the brink of collapse, its neighbors ready to put an end to its existence.
	www.historyofmacedonia.org /AncientMacedonia/PhilipofMacedon.html (5131 words)

	Philip II of Macedon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Philip II (382 BC - 336 BC), King of Macedon (359 BC - 336 BC) Olympionike, was the father of Alexander the Great (Alexander III of Macedon) and Philip III of Macedon.
		Coin with likeness of Philip II Born in Pella in 382 BC, he was King Amyntas III of Macedon and Queen Eurydice's youngest son, but the deaths of his elder brothers Kings Alexander II of Macedon and Perdiccas III of Macedon allowed him to take the throne in 359 BC.
		Two years later, in 336 BC, when he was about to embark on an invasion of Persia, Philip was assassinated by a servant/lover named Pausanias.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/ph/philip_ii_of_macedon.html (344 words)

	PHILIP II OF MACEDONIA
		Philip, the youngest son of the Macedonian king Amyntas II, was born in Pella, the capital of Macedonia.
		In his early youth, he was a hostage in the powerful city Thebes from 367 to 365 B.C. During that period, Philip observed much of the military techniques from the foremost leaders.
		In 359 B.C, his brother was killed in a battle and Philip then at the age of 23 became king of Macedonia.
	www.cybermacedonia.com /fil2mak.html (245 words)

	Greece Philip II of Macedonia - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Macedonia had not followed its southern neighbors in the evolution of the polis, but had retained a chiefdom form of society in which local headmen still wielded considerable power.
		In a period of twenty-five years, however, Macedonia became the largest empire yet in antiquity, solely as a result of the genius of Philip II and his son, Alexander.
		A man of exceptional energy, diplomatic skill, and ruthlessness, Philip totally reformed the Macedonian army when he came to power in 359 B.C. Wielding this new weapon, he conquered all the peoples of the southern Balkans, culminating in the defeat of Athens and Thebes in 338.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/greece/greece_history_philip_ii_of_macedonia.html (206 words)

	Olympias -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		She declined his request until 317, when Antipater's son Cassander established Philip II's half-witted son Philip III (Arrhidaeus) as king of Macedonia.
		Philip was wise, no doubt, to build on the foundation of the earlier practice of the Greeks themselves and also to refrain from organizing them in any permanent alliance that would have recalled too much the unpalatable experiences of the past.
		He was born in 356 BC at Pella in Macedonia, the son of Philip II and Olympias (daughter of King Neoptolemus of Epirus).
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9057059?tocId=9057059 (801 words)

	Macedonia
		Philip II, who ruled from 359 to 336 BC, led the kingdom into a period of growth and expansion.
		Philip conquered the Greeks in 338 BC and unified the Greek city-states and
		From 367 to 365, Philip was a hostage in Thebes, and during that period he observed the military techniques of
	www.siamidis.com /macedonia.htm (1978 words)

	Coins, Coins: Ancient, Greek - Best Book Auctions
		/VESP\ Philip II of Macedonia AR Fifth Stater 2.3 gm.
		AAH Celtic Silver tetradrachm of Philip II /VESP\ Abdera, Thrace, AR Obol.
		AAH Philip II Macedon, AE 18 359-336 B.C. AAH Alexander the Great AE Heracles 336-323BC
	greek.coins-ancient.coins.jacqueline-tag.com (278 words)

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