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	Encyclopedia: Philippe de Vitry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Later he was prominent in the courts of Charles IV, Philippe VI and Jean II, serving as secretary and advisor.
		Philippe de Vitry was the older friend of the famous scientist and musicologist Nicole Oresme.
		Vitry is also often credited with developing the concept of isorhythm (an isorhythmic line is one which has repeating patterns of rhythms and pitches, but the patterns overlap rather than correspondâ”for example a line of thirty consecutive notes might contain five repetitions of a six-note melody, and six repetitions of a five-note rhythm).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Philippe-de-Vitry (1016 words)

	Philippe de Vitry -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		His contributions to (A technical system of symbols used to represent special things) notation, in particular notation of (The basic rhythmic unit in a piece of music) rhythm, were particularly important, and made possible the free and quite complex music of the next hundred years.
		In some ways the modern system of rhythmic notation began with Vitry, who broke free from the older idea of the (Click link for more info and facts about rhythmic modes) rhythmic modes, patterns which were repeated without being individually notated.
		Vitry wrote (Click link for more info and facts about chansons) chansons and (An unaccompanied choral composition with sacred lyrics; intended to be sung as part of a church service; originated in the 13th century) motets, but only the motets have survived.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/ph/philippe_de_vitry.htm (416 words)

	Vitry, Philippe de Music Web Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Philippe de Vitry - Biography, partial discography, and further information on the Central Middle Ages and the Ars Nova from the Here of a Sunday Morning radio program.
		Vitry, Philippe de A patriot must always be ready to defend his country against his government.
		Vitry, Philippe de Not only is the universe stranger than we imagine, it is stranger than we can imagine.
	searchmusicnetwork.com /Composition_Composers_V_Vitry,_Philippe_de.html (1692 words)

	HOASM: Philippe de Vitry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Vitry was known in his lifetime as both a poet and a composer, although little poetry, and only a handful of motets, survive; a number of his early motets appear in the Roman de Fauvel.
		In the treatise Vitry recognizes the existence of five note values (duplex longa,longa,brevis,semibrevis,and minima), codifies a system of binary as well as ternary mensuration at four levels (maximodus,modus,tempus,prolatio), and introduces four time signatures.
		The Ars novais transmitted in four manuscripts, which appear to represent Vitry's work as formulated by his disciples; only the last ten of its twenty-four chapters--those that address mensural rhythm and notation--are original.
	www.hoasm.org /IID/Vitry.html (203 words)

	- Classical Music Dictionary - Free MP3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Philippe de Vitry was one of the most prominent figures in medieval music.
		Vitry was the author of an important music theory text, Ars Nova, which has been taken up as the name of that entire period of music history.
		Vitry's music provides much of the new technical means which would lead to the increased melodic invention and cosmopolitan subtlety of the following generations of composers, from Machaut to Guillaume Dufay.
	www.karadar.it /Dictionary/vitry.html (280 words)

	Ivars Peterson's MathTrek -Medieval Harmony
		Philippe de Vitry (1291-1361) was one of the most prominent figures in medieval music.
		In many ways, de Vitry's interests and accomplishments reflected the Pythagorean view that music is a subdivision of arithmetic, as shown, for example, in the simple mathematical relations between pitch and length of a string (see Circles of Dissonance, Nov. 24, 1997).
		De Vitry focused on pairs of harmonic numbers that differ by 1: 1, 2; 2, 3; 3, 4; and 8, 9.
	www.maa.org /mathland/mathtrek_1_25_99.html (677 words)

	Classical Net - Basic Repertoire List - de Vitry
		In the Ars Nova, Vitry is primarily concerned with expanding the rhythmic resources offered to composers; he introduces new rhythmic schemes, along with a new mensural notation which was to play an important role for more than a hundred years after his death.
		In this regard, he prefigures Machaut in the use of isorhythm (a single rhythmic figure continually repeated by a voice), though his use of isorhythm is more isolated in that it is used at certain points in the motet in order to articulate phrases and structural elements, rather than as a pervasive.
		Vitry was a singular genius who found new modes of expression that would not be fully refined until many years after his death.
	www.classical.net /music/comp.lst/vitry.html (719 words)

	Isorhythm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ars nova composer Philippe de Vitry has been credited with the invention of the technique, but it "was neither an invention of Philippe de Vitry nor his exclusive property in the early fourteenth century." The isorhythmic construction was often varied through the use of strict or free rhythmic diminuation in the repetion of the color.
		The color of isorhythm may be compared with the tone row of the twelve-tone technique's fixed order of pitches and varied durations.
		Isorhythm and Hocket in Guillaume de Machaut's Hoquetus David By Mark A. Zobel, Paper Presented at the University of Colorado Doctoral Research Seminar on Black-Note Mensural Notation, Boulder, Colo., April 1999
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Isorhythm (289 words)

	ipedia.com: Medieval European music Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Roman de Fauvel is a satire on abuses in the medieval church, and is filled with medieval motets, lais, rondeaux and other new secular forms.
		While most of the music is anonymous, it contains several pieces by Philippe de Vitry, one of the first composers of the isorhythmic motet, a development which distinguishes the fourteenth century.
		The Goliards were itinerant poet-musicians of Europe from the tenth to the middle of the thirteenth century, hence overlapped with the troubador and trouvère; tradition.
	www.ipedia.com /medieval_european_music.html (1790 words)

	Renaissance & Baroque Chronology, Details
		January-December, 1467/8: Was a singer and valet de chambre at the court of Burgundy.
		1567: Libro quarto de madrigali a cinque voci, da lui nouamente in Germania composti...
		1668: Appointed valet de chambre in the Kapelle of the Bishop of Olmütz, at Kromeríz Castle, Moravia.
	plato.acadiau.ca /courses/musi/callon/2233/ch-comp.htm (8787 words)

	H-France Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Similarly, the historical figure of Archbishop Jean de Craon and his suspect political allegiances during the preparations for the siege of Reims inform Robertson’s discussion of motet 22 (chapter seven, esp. pp.
		The connections between Vitry and the Fauvel circle have been much debated in recent years, and currently we have no documentary evidence placing Philippe de Vitry in Paris prior to 1321, some four years after the luxury manuscript of the Roman de Fauvel, Paris, BNF fr.
		Thus, Robertson’s speculations about Machaut’s educational connections to Philippe de Vitry, and her further speculations about the possible connection between Machaut and the Fauvel compilation are probably overstated given our current knowledge.
	www.uakron.edu /hfrance/vol3reviews/cyrus.html (2390 words)

	Directory - Arts: Music: Composition: Composers: V: Vitry, Philippe de (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Philippe de Vitry · cached · Biography, partial discography, and further information on the Central Middle Ages and the Ars Nova from the Here of a Sunday Morning radio program.
		Vitry, Philippe de (1291 - 1361), France · cached · Biographical data, recommended CDs, books and sheet music, bibliography, and link to biographical essay from Dr. Estrella's Incredibly Abridged Dictionary of Composers.
		Philippe de Vitry (1291-1361) · cached · Karadar dictionary entry with life, comments on compositions and theoretical works, and links to related composers.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=865685 (137 words)

	Ars Nova -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The designation Ars Nova, as opposed to the Ars Antiqua (q.v.) of 13th-century France, was the title of a treatise written about 1320 by the composer Philippe de Vitry.
		When the influential treatise Ars Nova (“New Art”) by the composer Philippe de Vitry appeared early in the 14th century, the preceding epoch acquired its designation of Ars Antiqua (Old Art), for it was only in retrospect that the rapid developments of the century and a half from c.
		De Vitry recorded the innovations of his day,...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9009634?tocId=9009634 (917 words)

	Lloyd, Catherine (2002) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It will be argued that some of its innovations form part of the transition to ars nova, and that the current view of Fauvel as the earliest document of ars nova is therefore inappropriate.
		The approach is flexible and inclusive, and unlike existing studies the ars nova is considered from the late-thirteenth century perspective rather than that of Vitry.
		More specifically the thesis examines some late-thirteenth century motets that show early use of ordered, large-scale designs, many of which are comparable with those found in Fauvel.
	www.sun.rhbnc.ac.uk /Music/Archive/Disserts/lloyd3.html (273 words)

	Timeline 1200 to 1299
		It was a mystical interpretation of the Torah disguised as a novel.
		1218 Simon IV de Montfort (b.1160), Norman knight and leader of the crusade against the Albigenses (1202-1204), died at the siege of Toulouse.
		King Henry III was captured by his brother in law Earl of Leicester Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Lewes in England.
	timelines.ws /1200_1299.HTML (10351 words)

	KeepMedia \| Rough Guides Music: Guillaume de Machaut
		Round about the year 1320 the French composer and theoretician Philippe de Vitry wrote a treatise entitled Ars Nova (New Art) in which he claimed that the recent technical innovations in music amounted to a major break with the music of the immediate past.
		Musicologists later employed the term Ars Nova for the developments that took place in French and Italian music in the fourteenth century, designating the previous period the period of early polyphony (c.9001250) Ars Antiqua.
		Guillaume de Machaut was the outstanding Ars Nova composer, exploiting new musical techniques that make much of his work sound startlingly modern.
	keepmedia.com /pubs/RoughGuidesMusic/2001/11/01/284417?...&oliID=229 (231 words)

	Glossary: Music
		The name was coined by Philippe de Vitry in a tract, c.
		French composer, poet and theorist, de Vitry held numerous court posts before he became bishop of Meaux in 1351.
		Few of his works survive but he was instrumental in the spread of the Ars Nova, providing a name for the new musical style in an early fourteenth century tract and writing four treatises on the style.
	ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/endmiddle/glossary/musigloss.html (1703 words)

	Gaspe, Philippe Aubert de -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé was born on Oct. 30, 1786, in Quebec.
		The capital, being also the seat of the newly founded Laval University (1852), was an ideal setting for French Canada's first literary grouping, known as the Mouvement Littéraire de Québec or the Movement of 1860.
		Explore Santiago De Cuba, the second largest city in Cuba, with a diverse population and culture.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9324330 (706 words)

	Lebon, Philippe -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		During World War I the French general Philippe Pétain became known as the hero of Verdun.
		A system of harmony, based on the natural overtone series, that he published in 1722 has provided the basis for many of the harmony textbooks written since.
		Canadian novelist Philippe Aubert de Gaspé wrote the first important French-Canadian novel, Les Anciens Canadiens (1863; The Canadians of Old).
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9047553?tocId=9047553 (586 words)

	Music History Resources
		Ars nova: title of a treatise written ca.1322-23 by French composer Philippe de Vitry, Bishop of Meaux (1291-1361) 2.
		Manuscript contains a satirical poem 'Roman de Fauvel' in which 167 pieces of music are interpolated.
		Several three-part motets by Philippe de Vitry C.
	www.geocities.com /papandrew/outlines/grout04.html (772 words)

	Find in a Library: Philippe de Vitry and the Ars Nova 14th-century motets. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Find in a Library: Philippe de Vitry and the Ars Nova 14th-century motets.
		Philippe de Vitry and the Ars Nova 14th-century motets.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/79a8b4fe82647258a19afeb4da09e526.html (68 words)

	Machaut: Discography, Biography, Lyrics
		This is both a reasonably complete discography of Guillaume de Machaut written in 1998 as well as a compendium of Machaut's musical lyrics gathered in 1999.
		Guillaume de Machaut (d.1377) is one of the undisputed pinnacle geniuses of Western music, and the most famous composer of the Middle Ages.
		The remainder of the fourteenth century was an epic of wars and plagues, and one of the few periods in which the population of Europe declined, but Machaut's reputation continued to rise.
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/composers/machaut.html (4646 words)

	Philippe de Vitry Biography / Biography of Philippe de Vitry Biographies
		The following biographies focus on different aspects of Philippe de Vitry's life and work.
		All biographies listed are included in the Philippe de Vitry Biography Pass.
		Each Biography is written by a biographical expert or professional educator and is a complete resource on the individual.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-philippe-de-vitry/index.html (121 words)

	Philippe de Vitry - Classical Composers Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Vitry's surviving works are mostly secular motets, including contributions to Le Roman de Fauvel.
		Vitry wrote the important text Ars Nova, which introduced theoretical innovations in areas such as notation.
		Dutch composer and jazz musician Willem Breuker has received an "Ehrenurkunde" in Berlin, connected with the "Preis der Deutschen Schallplattenkritik".
	www.classical-composers.org /cgi-bin/ccd.cgi?comp=vitry (264 words)

	Philippe
		2004 Philippe de Broca, director, King of Hearts, dies at 69
		1974 Philippe De Rouville, Victoriaville, NHL goalie for the Pittsburgh Penguins
		1951 Philippe of Isacker, Belgian minister, dies at 66
	www.brainyhistory.com /topics/p/philippe.html (340 words)

	Sonic Glossary: Non-imitative Polyphony
		Composers from these earlier times were especially fond of combining equally independent musical parts in a non-imitative polyphonic texture.
		Here, in a 14th-century motet written by Philippe de Vitry, the practice is taken to an extreme, as three different voices with completely different sets of words and musical material interact.
		The complete independence of the lines is emphasized even further by the frequent use of different speeds in each part.
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/paul/sonic/ni_poly.html (596 words)

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