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	Philippine Independent Church Summary
		The new church was in part a reaction to the restricted role for native Filipino clergy in the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines and was also, in part, an expression of Filipino nationalism and resistance to American control.
		The Philippine Independent Church, officially the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI) in Spanish, is a Christian denomination of the Catholic tradition in the form of a national church.
		During the brief interlude between independence from the Spanish and the subsequent reoccupation by the Americans, Isabelo de los Reyes and Aglipay reformed the Filipino Catholic clergy into the Philippine Independent Church, officially established in 1902.
	www.bookrags.com /Philippine_Independent_Church (874 words)

	Philippine Independent Church - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Philippine Independent Church, officially the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI) in Filipino, is a Christian denomination belonging to the Roman Catholic tradition in the form of a national church.
		During the brief interlude between independence from the Spanish and the subsequent reoccupation by the Americans, Isabelo de los Reyes and Aglipay reformed the Filipino Catholic clergy into the Philippine Independent Church, officially established in 1902.
		The new church rejected the spiritual authority of the pope and abolished the celibacy requirement from its clergy, allowing marriage among its priests.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Philippine_Independent_Church (486 words)

	Philippines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Independence for the Philippines was finally granted on July 4, 1946, after the Japanese invasion and occupation of the islands during World War II.
		The Philippines is a founding and active member of the United Nations (UN) since its inception on October 24, 1945 and is a founding and prominent member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), an active player in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Latin Union and a member of the Group of 24.
		It lies between 116° 40' and 126° 34' E. longitude, and 4° 40' and 21° 10' N. latitude, and is bordered on the east by the Philippine Sea, on the west by the South China Sea, and on the south by the Celebes Sea.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Philippines (4007 words)

	Philippine Independent Church. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		religious body that separated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1902 and rejected the spiritual authority of the pope.
		It is known popularly as the Aglipayan Church, after its founder Gregorio Aglipay.
		Another, a trinitarian group, moved toward the Episcopal Church, by which their ministers were ordained after 1948 and with which they were formally united in 1961.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ph/PhilpIndCh.html (168 words)

	Encyclopedia: Philippine Independent Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Gregory Petros VIII, Catholicos-Patriarch of Cilicia of The Armenians, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
		Bishop Aleksij (Sergiy Vladimirovich Simanskij, 1877-1970) was consecrated 28 April 1913 by Patriarch Gregorios IV of The Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East in Russia as Bishop of Tichvin.
		The Protestant Episcopal Church in the U.S.A. The Church of England was planted in North America in 1607, at the foundation of the Jamestown Colony.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Philippine-Independent-Church (8893 words)

	Philippine Independent Church — FactMonster.com
		Philippine Independent Church, religious body that separated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1902 and rejected the spiritual authority of the pope.
		The Philippines: People - People The great majority of the people of the Philippines belong to the Malay group and are known...
		Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches: Branches, Schisms, and Heresies
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/society/A0838781.html (213 words)

	Anglican Communion News Service
		Bishop Alberto Ramento of Tarlac in the Philippines, former Prime Bishop of the Philippine Independent Church, or Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI), was found stabbed to death at his rectory on the morning of October 3.
		The Rev. Winifred Vergara, missioner for Asian American Ministries in the Episcopal Church, was a priest in the IFI and remembers Ramento as "a prophetic voice in the Philippines" even after his retirement.
		On June 17, Tito Marata, provincial officer of the Rural Missionaries of the Philippines and a member of the Farmers for Agrarian Reform Movement, was gunned down by passing motorcyclists, taking the death toll of Christian activists to 17 in less than two years.
	www.anglicancommunion.org /acns/articles/41/75/acns4198.cfm (652 words)

	Religion (from Philippines) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Roman Catholicism has been strengthened by an increase in the number of Filipinos in the church hierarchy, the building of seminaries, and the increased involvement of the church in the political and social life of the country.
		It is bounded by the Philippine Sea to the east, the Celebes Sea to the south, and the South China Sea to the west and north.
		Cofounders of the church were Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino, author, labour leader, and senator, who was imprisoned during the revolution for his criticism of Spanish clergy and government officials in the...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-23732 (801 words)

	Philippine Independent Church -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Cofounders of the church were Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino, author, labour leader, and senator, who was imprisoned during the revolution for his criticism of Spanish clergy and government officials in the Philippines, …
		In 1534 the Christian church in England separated itself from the jurisdiction of the pope in Rome, and Parliament named King Henry VIII “the only supreme head of the Church of England.”; This change established a new denomination that became the mother church for many other regional and national church bodies.
		On December 25 the Soviet Union was succeeded by the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), a loose confederation of 12 of the former...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9059691 (848 words)

	THE PHILIPPINES: The role of the Church
		Perhaps as a reply to the expose of the Catholic Church's financial dealings, not to mention its vast land holdings in the Philippines, it was stressed that Velarde was in the real estate business prior to his ministry.
		American Philippine specialists seem to be unaware that the way the US deals with the Philippines and the Philippine Catholic Church is a gauge by which its foreign policies will be assessed.
		A hundred years ago, in 1900, the Philippines were governed by the US through the established ruling aristocracy which was opposed by the same members of the clergy who fought the Americans.
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/Phillipines/phillipines_church122300.html (793 words)

	Ecumenical Review, The: Iglesia Filipina Independiente - Philippine Independent Church - IFI - Comments from Churches ...
		The Iglesia Filipina Independiente (Philippine Independent Church) was proclaimed on 3 August 1902 by the Union Obrera Democratica (Democratic Labour Union), the first labour federation in the Philippines.
		On 1 December 1902, Bishop Edward Herzog of the Swiss Independent Church of Berne, Switzerland, wrote in recognition to the new church that "we conserve the.
		The Unitarian convention passed resolutions for Philippine independence and admitted the IFI to the International Association of Liberal Christianity.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2065/is_3_54/ai_92136492 (1363 words)

	WOW Philippines :: Discover Philippines :: Culture :: Religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Two Filipino independent churches were organized at the turn of the century and are prominent today.
		These are the Aglipay (Philippine Independent Church) and the Iglesia Ni Kristo (Church of Christ) founded in 1902 and 1914, respectively.
		Its churches, with their unique towering architecture, are landmarks in almost all important towns, provincial capitals, and major cities.
	www.tourism.gov.ph /discover/religion.asp (165 words)

	:: Welcome to Manila Bulletin Online :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The establishment of the IFI was the capstone of the Filipino struggle to Filipinize the Catholic Church in the Philippines and to chart for themselves the religious affairs in the country.
		Colonial obscurantism and monastic dominance in the country during the 19th century were the primary reasons that moved the Filipino people to agitate and work for the establishment of a church in the Philippines that was responsive to the needs and aspirations of the Filipino people.
		Religious freedom was one of the casualties of the foreign conquest of the Philippines in the 16th century.
	www.mb.com.ph /issues/2004/08/02/OPED2004080215441.html (273 words)

	PC(USA) - News Service - Filipino bishop found stabbed to death
		MANILA — Bishop Alberto Ramento of Tarlac in the Philippines, former Prime Bishop of the Philippine Independent Church, or Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI), was found stabbed to death at his rectory on the morning of October 3.
		The Student Christian Movement of the Philippines recalled his last public speech at an Interfaith Rally on June 12, this year’s National Independence Day, when he voiced strong objections against the country’s political killings and corruption, as well as the Government’s move to amend the Philippine Constitution.
		Mervin Toquero of the National Council of Churches in the Philippines said that Ramento’s death is a big loss to the ecumenical movement in the country.
	www.pcusa.org /pcnews/2006/06505.htm (684 words)

	wfn.org \| [ENS] Philippine Independent Church deplores former Supreme Bishop's murder
		On behalf of the IFI, David "denounced in the strongest possible terms this barbaric and dastardly act against a man of the cloth within the premises of his own church," and urged the authorities to conduct a thorough and impartial investigation and bring the perpetrators of Ramento's murder to justice.
		Ramento's murder is the latest in a sequence of killings of Christian leaders in the Philippines over the past two years.
		However, statements and opinions expressed in the articles and communications herein, are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of ENS or the Episcopal Church.
	www.wfn.org /2006/10/msg00056.html (351 words)

	manila catholic churches by Philippine Website Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Cultural Heritage Offices of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila The history of the Catholic Church in the Philippines is tied up with the country's...
		CHURCHES Manila Cathedral the Philippines' main Catholic church, where you will find a large organ with 4,500 pipes, said to be the largest in Asia.
		The State Church During the time of Spanish rule, the Roman Catholic Church was the...
	www2.nfsp-philippines.org /pinoypedia/manila-catholic-churches/index.html (529 words)

	RATIONAL UNIVERSAL CHURCH
		The Rational Universal Church (Iglesya Unibersál Rasyonál) is a Rationalistic church for Freethinkers.
		The Rational Universal Church of the Philippines (Iglesya Unibersál Rasyonál sa Pilipinas) is an independent church.
		This connection was severed on March 6, 2004, and the name of the Church was changed from "Catholic Congregation Without Dogma of the Philippines" to "Rational Universal Church of the Philippines".
	www.geocities.com /cathcongphil (1780 words)

	The Story of Methodism in the Philippines: Nationalism and the Rise of the IEMELIF
		In 1907, a popularly-elected lower house – known as the Philippine Assembly – was established; and in 1913, with Wilson being elected U.S. President, the upper house – known as the Philippine Commission – came to have, for the first time, a majority of Filipino members.
		In 1909, The Methodist Episcopal Church flourished in the Philippines.
		Despite some tensions in the early years, the relationship between The Methodist Church and the IEMELIF today is most cordial, the two bodies working side by side in the National Council of Churches in the Philippines.
	www.users.drew.edu /loconer/books/deats/deats11.htm (2045 words)

	Philippine Independent Church - Definition, explanation
		The Philippine Independent Church, officially the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI) in Spanish, is a Christian denomination belonging to the Roman Catholic tradition in the form of a national church.
		Jose Burgos at the hands of the Spanish authorities, church reforms became a facet of the Philippine independence movement.
		Gomez is said to indirectly have ignited the Philippine revolution and had a profound effect on Dr. Jose Rizal.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/p/ph/philippine_independent_church.php (530 words)

	QC Independent Media Centre
		In 1980, the PPT convened a Session on the Philippines to hear the case filed by the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP) and the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) against then President Ferdinand Marcos, the U.S. government, and U.S.-controlled financial institutions, multi-national corporations and commercial banks.
		Convening in The Hague this Oct. 30 is the PPT’s Second Session on the Philippines.
		In a statement, Olalia said his election is both a tribute to the commitment and good fighting record of people’s lawyers in the Philippines and a symbol of IAPL’s resolve to help Filipinos seek an end to extrajudicial killings and human rights violations under the Arroyo government.
	qc.indymedia.org (1392 words)

	Defend the Rights of Prof. Sison Petition
		He was one of the pioneers who revived the anti-imperialist movement in the Philippines in the early 1960s.
		That is a legitimate struggle.” (1) Philippine Vice President Guingona added to this by declaring that “one needs to make a distinction between a rebel who is fighting because of hunger and perceived injustice, and a terrorist who seeks to sow terror and hatred.” (2)
		He is the chief political consultant of the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP, the revolutionary alliance to which the CPP and NPA belong) in the peace negotiations with the Government of the Republic of the Philippines.
	www.petitiononline.com /jms (881 words)

	AllRefer.com - Philippine Independent Church (Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Branches, Schisms, And Heresies) - ...
		AllRefer.com - Philippine Independent Church (Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Branches, Schisms, And Heresies) - Encyclopedia
		Philippine Independent Church, Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Branches, Schisms, And Heresies
		Philippine Independent Church, religious body that separated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1902 and rejected the spiritual authority of the pope.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/PhilpIndCh.html (267 words)

	Barnabas Ministries - Biography of Philip Weeks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Canon Weeks is a priest in the Charismatic Episcopal Church with over 25 years of experience in parish ministry prior to starting Barnabas Ministries in 1980.
		He was ordained in the Episcopal Church as a deacon on the Feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, 1965.
		On July 15, 1998 he was received into the Charismatic Episcopal Church by the Most Reverend Dale F. Howard and installed as a Canon for the International Development Agency, the missionary arm of CEC.
	www.inetusa.com /barnabas/barnabas-weeks-bio.html (457 words)

	Women of Philippine Independent Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		They were asked to help in cleaning and decorating the church, washing and taking care of the vestments and leading the prayers.
		The Approval of the new church Constitution on October 3, 1977 changed the status of the women.
		The Women of the Philippine Independent Church will keep the Spirit of Gregorio Aglipay burning because they will strive and continue to work as one Body with One Vision and One Mission with the Good Lord guiding them.
	ifi.ph /wopic.htm (795 words)

	Manila Bulletin: Philippine Independent Church Foundation Day.(Opinion/Editorial)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		TODAY is the 99th year of the Philippine Independent Church or Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI).
		The IFI is one of the lasting results of the 1896 Philippine revolution.
		The establishment of foreign rule in the Philippines had denied them the freedom to profess the religion of their own choice.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:76926486&... (207 words)

	Military circles militants in Mindoro church standoff - Apr. 17, 2004
		She said they also wanted to expose the death of 7-year-old Ariel Artocilla who was allegedly caught in the crossfire and died from a bullet that had come from the military side.
		She said their group decided to stay and sleep inside the church after they arrived in the area at night.
		He said the incident was actually part of their pursuit operations against NPA rebels who reportedly abducted and later released Pola Mayor Alex Aranas and 12 of his companions.
	www.inq7.net /nat/2004/apr/17/nat_9-1.htm (610 words)

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