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Topic: Philosophical anthropology

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	Anthropology
		Anthropology was dominated in the latter 19th century by a linear conception of history, in which all human groups were said to pass through specified stages of cultural evolution, from a state of "savagery" to "barbarism" and finally to that of "civilized man" (i.e., western European man).
		Philosophical Anthropology is the discipline that seeks to unify the several empirical investigations of human nature in an effort to understand individuals as both creatures of their environment and creators of their own values.
		Philosophical anthropology has been used in the last sense by 20th-century antihumanists for whom it has become a term of abuse; antihumanists have insisted that if anthropology is to be possible at all it is possible only on the condition that it rejects the concept of the individual human subject.
	www.crystalinks.com /anthropology.html (3702 words)

	title
		Traditional philosophical concerns such as the apparent conflict between 'free will', determinism, and moral responsibility, the nature of consciousness, the origin of language, the basis of value, and the like are also clearly relevant to such matters.
		While many thinkers from earliest times have in their philosophies dealt with problems which might be described as appropriate to philosophical anthropology, it is generally accepted that as a clearly identifiable autonomous branch of philosophy philosophical anthropology dates back only to the early twentieth century.
		The growth of philosophical anthropology may be seen in part as an attempt to address both this fragmentation of knowledge and the 'human condition'.
	my.cybersoup.com /hbarbet/ver_page1.html (803 words)

	Japanese philosophy
		Anthropology is to study not some favoured aspect of man, but man as such, man as a whole biological, acting, thinking, etc. being.
		The term 'philosophical anthropology' (in contrast to the empirical sciences of 'physical' and 'cultural' anthropology) was used by Scheler to describe his enterprise at a time when his allegiance to phenomenology was waning.
		Philosophical anthropology should, he argues, show how all the 'works of man - language, conscience, tools, weapons, the state, leadership, the representational function of art, myths, religion, science, history, and social life - arise from the basic structure of human nature'.
	scottmacleod.com /anthropology/anthropologyphilosophical.htm (436 words)

	20th WCP: The Nature and Possibility of Philosophical Anthropology
		While philosophers may claim to have a unique aim and method in their investigation of human experience, it by no means is a topic unique to philosophy.
		Anthropology in the strict sense of the designation, on their view, must be philosophical.
		Philosophical anthropology, as a special area of a unique discipline, should be held suspect.
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/Anth/AnthKim.htm (2743 words)

	philosophical anthropology -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The word anthropology was first used in the philosophical faculties of German universities at the end of the 16th century to refer to the systematic study of man as a…
		Philosophical anthropology must thus take the phenomenon of religious experience seriously, in a way that empiricist anthropology does not.
		The word anthropology is derived from two Greek words: anthropos meaning “man” or “human” and logos, meaning “thought” or “reason.” Anthropologists investigate the whole range of human development and behavior, including biological variation, geographic distribution,...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9108541?&query=philosophical (788 words)

	Work of Sartre and other existentialists (from philosophical anthropology) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The philosophical problem arising from the difficulty of providing adequate justification for such a belief has been discussed within the British philosophical tradition and also by the existentialists, and...
		Anthropology can be characterized as the naturalistic description and interpretation of the diverse peoples of the world.
		Brief biography of this French existentialist philosopher, novelist, playwright, and literary critic, who was awarded Nobel Prize for literature in 1964, and he declined the award in protest of the values of bourgeois society.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=15069 (885 words)

	PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND EVANGELIUM VITAE by William E. May
		This mentality—and the philosophical anthropology on which it is based—“no longer considers life as a splendid gift from God, something ‘sacred,’ entrusted to man’s responsibility, and thus also to his loving care and ‘veneration.’” (no. 22).
		It is instructive to note that many champions of this anthropology, used to justify abortion and euthanasia, explicitly compare the right of persons, i.e., consciously experiencing subjects, to control birth by the use of contraceptives with the right to choose death for themselves.
		As we have seen, the dualistic anthropology at the heart of the culture of death claims that only those members of the human species with incipient autonomy and at least minimal exercisable cognitive capacities can be properly regarded as persons.
	www.christendom-awake.org /pages/may/philanthropol.htm (3975 words)

	The Ism Book (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A theory is a systematic statement of philosophic principles, or a formulation of the apparent relationships or underlying principles of observed phenomena.
		Authoritarianism is a term used to describe the political practice or philosophical defense of the subordination by force of the wishes and aims of the individual to the interests of the state.
		Hegel was probably the first philosopher to think of history in terms of a dialectic, which is what gave Marx (1818-1883) the inspiration for his doctrine of dialectical materialism.
	www.saint-andre.com /ismbook/ismbook.html (13557 words)

	Specters of Philosophical Anthropology
		It is important to emphasise that enunciative modes are not regulated by the transcendental human subject of philosophical anthropology but by the anonymous functioning of the ensemble of their rules of formation.
		By contrast methodologies premised upon the humanist ontology of philosophical anthropology, which are either epistemologically empiricist or idealist and which deploy a representationalist concept of language, act to conflate the "concrete" and the "concrete in the mind", to conflate the real, the actual and the empirical as discursively mediated in experience.
		This paper has attempted to reckon with the specters of philosophical anthropology through the development of a CR ontology, which assumes that the existence of social reality does not depend on human consciousness of it, and a CR epistemology that privileges theoretical construction of the objects of social-historical discourse over empirical observation.
	www.arasite.org /pspage1.htm (6324 words)

	Social and Cultural Anthropology at Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base
		Each chapter introduces the central theoretical ideas in the anthropology of religion and illustrates them with specific case studies, for example: * Witchcraft in America is illustrated via Evans-Pritchard's famous study of the Azande and witchcraft in Cameroon.
		ISCA is the largest graduate anthropology department in the UK, with around 30 students registered for taught course graduate degrees at any one time, and more than 60 doctoral projects currently underway.
		Anthropology is defined as "the study of man, his origins, physical characteristics, institutions, religious beliefs, social relationships, etc." and this science may be subdivided into cultural anthropology, physical anthropology, social anthropology, and so on.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~topics/html/social_anthropology.htm (1019 words)

	A Routledge Journal: Philosophical Explorations
		Contributions are welcomed in the area of the philosophy of mind and action and related disciplines such as moral psychology, ethics, philosophical anthropology, social philosophy, political philosophy and philosophy of the social sciences.
		It has published an impressive number of first-rate papers by leading philosophers and by younger scholars on a wide range of issues, from philosophy of mind and action to social theory, ethics and politic philosophy, and in many other areas.
		Philosophical Explorations' defining aim is to publish high quality papers which exemplify analytic standards of clarity and argument but which cut across the grain of current orthodoxy and attempt to strike out in new directions.
	www.tandf.co.uk /journals/titles/13869795.asp (716 words)

	The Philosophical Roots of Anthropology
		Adams has chosen five philosophical currents whose influence has been, and is, very widespread, particularly in North American anthropology: progressivism, primitivism, natural law, German idealism, and "Indianology".
		The author argues that the influences of these currents in North American anthropology occur in a unique combination that is not found in the anthropologies of other countries.
		Without neglecting the anthropologies of other countries, this work serves as the basis for the explanation of the true historical and philosophical underpinnings of anthropology and its goals.
	csli-publications.stanford.edu /site/1575861283.html (202 words)

	Calvin's Philosophical Anthropology - Nythamar de Oliveira
		Although I recognize the impossibility of fully exploring Calvin's philosophical anthropology here, I should like to attempt at an outline of the main problems regarding his metaphorical conception of the imago Dei, in the historical context of his time.
		Thus it is primarily on the level of his theological anthropology that Calvin distinguishes himself from the humanist scholar, and his Reformation from the Renaissance of the latter.
		Although both views of Calvin's anthropology rightly emphasize the relational, responsive condition of the imago vis à vis the Word of God, it seems that the image is somehow reduced to a "spiritual" attitude of man's appropriation of the Word.
	www.geocities.com /nythamar/calvin.html (4946 words)

	Syllabi 2005-2006 B-KUL-W0005B Philosophical Anthropology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The main subject of this course is the relation of man to nature as formulated by contemporary philosophical anthropology - since Darwins The Origin of Species - and mainly to be characterized as naturalism.
		The aim is to familiarize the students with various conceptions of "nature" as well as of "evolution" and their ensuing implications as to the meaning, the value and the destiny of human existence.
		The second chapter deals with ensuing philosophical implications as to the problem of finality and freedom and the possibility of a science of life.
	www.kuleuven.ac.be /onderwijs/aanbod/syllabi/W0005BE.htm (202 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 90030349 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Philosophical anthropology is the philosophical study of the conditions of human existence and the issues that confront people in the conduct of their everyday lives.
		This book surveys, from a contemplative, philosophical point of view, a wide variety of human-interest issues, including happiness, luck, aging, the meaning of life, optimism and pessimism, morality, and faith and belief.
		The philosophers of Greek antiquity took philosophy to center around just this issue of intelligent living - of determining the nature of life under the guidance of reason.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/cam024/90030349.html (207 words)

	Purdue University Press - Innovation is our Pressing Mission
		The work he produced is many things at once: an epistemology or theory of knowledge, a philosophical anthropology, an ethics or metaethics, the foundation for a political theory (Rousseau), the basis for an aesthetic program (Romanticism), perhaps even a philosophy of nature.
		This book provides a practical reading guide to the thought of Plotinus, the great philosopher who was born in Alexandria in the third century a.d., lived in Rome and wrote in Greek.
		Deeply immersed in earlier Greek philosophy, especially Plato and Aristotle, Plotinus’ thought was to have an immense influence upon the theology and philosophy of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, as well as to bear a deep resonance with the major forms of Eastern mystical thought, particularly Buddhism and Hinduism.
	www.thepress.purdue.edu /series/philosophy.asp (1513 words)

	Philosophical Reflections
		Such questions tempt one to engage in a sort of philosophical anthropology, using in part the method of introspection.
		The philosophical anthropology thus consists of beliefs which are subject to the same objections as any other beliefs.
		To explain the modern cognitive orientation by philosophical anthropology tends to absolutize it and to conceal its depensability.
	www.henryflynt.org /philosophy/reflect.html (2081 words)

	Society for Linguistic Anthropology Records, American Philosophical Society
		With the assistance of Victor Golla and Bill Leap, among others, an organizational meeting was held at the annual meeting of the AAA in 1982, that attracted over 100 participants and that resulted in the appointment of an organizing committee for the new society.
		The SLA has published the Journal of Linguistic Anthropology semiannually since 1991, and since 2001 they have given out the Edward Sapir Prize for the book making the most significant contribution to the understanding of language in society.
		The Records of the Society for Linguistic Anthropology consist of 0.5 linear feet of administrative correspondence, newsletters, and minutes of the executive committee, representing the formation and earliest years of the Society.
	www.amphilsoc.org /library/mole/s/sla.htm (245 words)

	20th WCP: Philosophical Anthropology
		Anthropologie du Bo (Théorie et Pratique du gris-gris)
		The Human Nature and Freedom: Re-interpretation of the philosophical thought of Benjamin Constant
		Human Nature and the Digital Culture: The Case for Philosophical Anthropology
	www.bu.edu /wcp/MainAnth.htm (318 words)

	George Herbert Mead [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		In addition to his well- known and widely appreciated social philosophy, Mead's thought includes significant contributions to the philosophy of nature, the philosophy of science, philosophical anthropology, the philosophy of history, and "process philosophy." Both John Dewey and Alfred North Whitehead considered Mead a thinker of the highest order.
		Another way of putting this is to say that the primary qualities of an object are those which are subject to precise mathematical calculation, whereas the secondary qualities of the object are those which are rooted in the sensibility of the perceiving organism and which are therefore not "objectively" quantifiable.
		Philosophically, the Romantic analysis of the subject- object relation arose in relation to what Mead calls "the age-old problem of knowledge: How can one get any assurance that that which appears in our cognitive experience is real?" ( Movements of Thought in the Nineteenth Century 80).
	www.iep.utm.edu /m/mead.htm (19418 words)

	Right Reason: The Possibility of a Philosophical Anthropology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In a comment on my last post, Dom Eggert makes a point that touches on the critical question of whether there is such a thing as a philosophical enquiry into experience, as opposed to a psychological enquiry, or a personal confession.
		Analytical philosophers have tended to believe that they can say something about the concepts used to describe our condition — maybe not giving definitions of ‘love’, ‘desire’, ‘shame’, but nevertheless exploring the contours of usage in a way that will display the concepts expressed by those terms.
		And it seems to me that there is a distinctively philosophical approach to human experience that delivers universal and objective truths about our condition, and which gives the premises from which the moral philosopher must begin.
	rightreason.ektopos.com /archives/001337.html (2159 words)

	HUMANISM AND NATURE
		Two movements, philosophical anthropology and humanistic naturalism might be considered.
		Philosophical anthropology is largely a German movement, originating in the 1920s, and since then absorbing existentialism and phenomenology.
		To the philosophical anthropologist, truth is that which pragmatically helps us to understand ourselves and select a meaningful future.
	www.hawaii.edu /powerkills/DPF.CHAP35.HTM (3373 words)

	Vivante (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Founded by the Study Group on Anthropology of Music in Mediterranean Cultures of the International Council for Traditional Music.
		Professor of Anthropology at Kansas State University, with interest in African ethnomusicology.
		These are authentic replicas of the best pieces in the Anthropology Museum in Mexico City and other Museums around the world.
	vivante.com /search.php?input1=anthropology&input2=&input3=&...&p=2 (733 words)

	cultural and social anthropology resources
		__ While the anthropology of death may not be the cheeriest of subjects, it is an important one.
		A Field Statement on the Anthropology of Religion..
		.__ "Almost as old as the field of anthropology itself are anthropological attempts to analyze what has been thought to be a genuine cultural universal: religion." Paper about the subject which covers aspects ranging from ancestor worship to definitions of ritual.
	www.archaeolink.com /cultural_social_anthropology_index.htm (1302 words)

	Human Evolution; A Philosophical Anthropology; Mary Maxwell
		This book is both an introduction and an original contribution to a study of the major evolutionary events, from the orgin of life to the emerence of the human mind.
		Assuming no background of the reader in biology, anthropology, or psychology, the author coordinates state-of-the-art evidence to argue for the naturalness of human evolution.
		Throughout the text, the author balances the scientific material with a questioning, philosophical approach, and the reader will find an invitation on virtually every page to become engaged in whatever intellectual puzzles may arise.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/cup/catalog/data/023105/0231059469.HTM (220 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Philosophical Papers: Volume 1, Human Agency and Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Charles Taylor has been one of the most original and influential figures in contemporary philosophy: his 'philosophical anthropology' spans an unusually wide range of theoretical interests and draws creatively on both Anglo-American and Continental traditions in philosophy.
		A selection of his published papers is presented here in two volumes, structured to indicate the direction and essential unity of the work.
		The volumes jointly present some two decades of work on these fundamental themes, and convey strongly the tenacity, verve and versatility of the author in grappling with them.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0521317509 (369 words)

	Guide to Philosophy on the Internet (Suber) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For philosophers not on this list, try the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, and/or the Hippias search engine.
		The Australasian Branch of The Philosophical Society of England.
		Society for the Advancement of Philosophical Enquiry and Reflection in Education (SAPERE).
	www.earlham.edu /~peters/philinks.htm (2166 words)

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