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Topic: Phiomorpha

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	Hystricognathi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The lack of infraorbital plate to which to anchor the masseter lateralis and the relative size of the infraorbital foramen distinguishes hystricognathi from the Sciuromorpha.
		There are 18 families within the Hystricognathi, divisible into a dual classification of infraorders, the Phiomorpha and the Caviomorpha.
		The Caviomorpha are mostly native to South America, with a few species in North America, while the Phiomorpha occur in the Old World.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hystricognathi (226 words)

	Baruch Undergrad. Honors [2000]: Marcin, R. Comparative: Cranial Anatomy of Rattus...
		They have a large infraorbital foramen with medial masseter passing through it and originating anteriorly on the rostrum.
		Both of these characters are shared with Old World porcupines and other hystricomorphs, which have been grouped in the Suborder Phiomorpha.
		Both phylogenetic and paleogeographic data were taken into consideration when Caviomorpha were named a distinct clade or branch that is separated from the Old World hystricomorph clade.
	newman.baruch.cuny.edu /digital/2000/honors/marcin_2000/marcin_2000.htm (5529 words)

	Cospeciation Symposium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The evolutionary relationships among the subgroups Phiomorpha and Caviomorpha within the Hytricognathi have generated considerable debate.
		Two hypothesis are conflicting: (i) Phiomorpha is the sister-group of Caviomorpha with both lineages originating from a common ancestor in Africa, or (ii) the Hystricognathi are polyphyletic with the Caviomorpha originating from a North-American ancestor.
		Some arguments in support of the monophyly of the Hystricognathi rely on the pinworm nematode genus Wellcomia Sambon, 1907.
	taxonomy.zoology.gla.ac.uk /~rdmp1c/sa/cospeciation.html (1540 words)

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