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Topic: Phonemic awareness

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	Phonemic Awareness - Pre Reading Skills - Reading Skills Pyramid - Time4Learning
		Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words are made up of sounds which can be assembled in different ways to make different words.
		Once a child has phonemic awareness, they are aware that sounds are like like building blocks that can be used to build all the different words.
		Phonemic Awareness overlaps and is often confused with phonological awareness.
	www.time4learning.com /readingpyramid/awareness.htm (431 words)

	Phonemes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The awareness of these larger sublexical skills are viewed by Bruck (1992), Goswami and Bryant (1990) Tunmer and Hoover (1993) as prerequisites to initial reading acquisition, their difficulty level lying between that of syllable awareness and phoneme awareness (Bowey et al., 1992; Bowey and Francis, 1991; Bruck and Treiman, 1990; Kirtley et al., 1989).
		Awareness at the level of the phoneme has particular significance for the acquisition of reading because of its role in the development of the alphabetic principle - that the written word is simply a means of codifying the sound properties of the spoken word.
		Individual phonemes are more difficult to specify because their acoustic values vary with the phonemes that precede and follow them in a word (a phenomenon called co-articulation), whereas syllables have relatively constant values in a word and hence are more readily recognized.
	www.margaretkay.com /Phoneme%20Awareness.htm (3536 words)

	Phonemic Awareness
		Techniques that target phoneme awareness most frequently involve direct instruction in segmenting words into component sounds, identifying sounds in various positions in words (initial, medial, final), identifying words that begin or end with the same sound, and manipulating sounds in a word such as saying a word without its beginning or end sound.
		Specific words targeted for phoneme awareness should be selected from material used in the class, such as a story or picture book that was just read and discussed, the immediate environment, words fitting a thematic unit being taught, or discussions about a field trip.
		Awareness of the initial sound in a word can be done by showing the children a picture (dog) and asking the children to identify the correct word out of three: "Is this a /mmmm/-og, a /d/d/d/-og, or a /sssss/-og.
	www.literatureforliterature.ecsd.net /phonemic_awareness.htm (2692 words)

	The Partnership for Reading -- Explore the Research -- Phonemic Awareness Instruction
		Phonemic awareness is the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds in spoken words.
		Phonemic awareness instruction is most effective when children are taught to manipulate phonemes by using the letters of the alphabet.
		Phonemic awareness instruction can help all types of students learn to read, including preschoolers, kindergartners, first graders who are just starting to read, and older, less able readers.
	www.nifl.gov /partnershipforreading/explore/phonemic.html (442 words)

	Learning Logic Publishing
		Phonemic awareness is the understanding that spoken words are made up of a series of discrete sounds.
		The challenge in teaching phonemic awareness is finding ways for children to discover individual sounds, their sequence in words and then manipulate them.
		Knowing that phonemic awareness is critical in learning to read and spell, Maureen Pollard starting developing her own innovative literacy resources based on this research.
	www.learninglogic.com.au /phonemic.html (555 words)

	Phonemic Awareness: What Does it Mean?
		To understand that the written word is composed of graphemes that correspond to phonemes (the alphabetic principle), beginning readers must first have some understanding that words are composed of sounds (phonemic awareness) rather than their conceiving of each word as a single indivisible sound stream.
		Phonemic awareness is more complex than auditory discrimination, which is the ability to perceive, for example, that cat and mat are different speech productions, or words.
		Individual phonemes are more difficult to specify because their acoustic values vary with the phonemes that precede and follow them in a word (a phenomenon called co-articulation); whereas, syllables have relatively constant values in a word and hence should be more readily recognised.
	www.educationoasis.com /resources/Articles/phonemic_awareness.htm (5368 words)

	Early Childhood problem, Phonemic Awareness, Speech communication
		Phonemic awareness is described as an insight about oral language and in particular about the segmentation of sounds, that are used in speech communication.
		Phonemic awareness is characterized in terms of the facility of the language learner to manipulate the sounds of oral speech.
		Co-articulating the phonemes in words (e.g., starting to pronounce the second phoneme, /r/, in the word frost while we are still saying the first phoneme, /f/) makes speech fluent, but it also makes it hard for many children to become aware of phonemes as individual segments of sound within words.
	www.classictermpapers.com /phonemic_awarness.php (1846 words)

	BalancedReading.com -- Phoneme Awareness
		The tem "phoneme awareness" should be distinguished from another commonly used term, "phonological awareness." Phonological awareness is a general term describing a child’s awareness that spoken words are made up of sounds, phoneme awareness is a specific term that falls under the umbrella of phonological awareness.
		Phonological awareness is a step in the right direction, but phoneme awareness is what is necessary for the child to understand that the letters in written words represent the phonemes in spoken words (what we call the “alphabetic principle”).
		Phonological awareness is a term used to describe the child’s generic understanding that spoken words are made up of sounds, and phoneme awareness specifically refers to a child’s knowledge that the basic building blocks of spoken words are the phonemes.
	www.balancedreading.com /phonemeawareness.html (687 words)

	Phonemic Awareness: An Important Early Step in Learning To Read. ERIC Digest.
		This Digest discusses the concept of the awareness that spoken language is made up of discrete sounds, why this concept is so important to early childhood educators, its relation to the debate on the best type of reading instruction, and finally, teaching methods that may help children in developing such an awareness.
		Phonemic awareness is both a prerequisite for and a consequence of learning to read (Yopp, 1992).
		Teachers need to be aware of instructional activities that can help their students become aware of phonemes before they receive formal reading instruction, and they need to realize that phonemic awareness will become more sophisticated as students' reading skills develop.
	www.ericdigests.org /1997-2/read.htm (1270 words)

	Phonemic awareness - WikEd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Writing is another benefit of phonemic awareness; children should be able to express their thoughts using phonemic awareness even if he has never seen the word in print before.
		Hempenstall (2003) does mention that research implies that a comprehensive phonemic awareness is necessary for children to benefit from the onset and rime method (Hempenstall, 2003).
		Sensenbaugh (1999) points out that phonemic awareness is part of the debate between the Whole word approach and the phonics atyle of learning to read.
	moodle.ed.uiuc.edu /wiked/index.php/Phonemic_awareness (1715 words)

	Put Reading First -- K-3
		Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds--phonemes--in spoken words.
		Phonemic awareness instruction makes a stronger contribution to the improvement of reading and spelling when children are taught to use letters as they manipulate phonemes than when instruction is limited to phonemes alone.
		Phonemic awareness instruction can help essentially all of your students learn to read, including preschoolers, kindergartners, first graders who are just starting to read, and older, less able readers.
	www.nifl.gov /partnershipforreading/publications/reading_first1.html (3231 words)

	Reading Instruction Portfolio: Phonemic Awareness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Phoneme awareness is more highly related to learning to read than general intelligence, reading readiness, or listening comprehension; it is a necessary but not sufficient condition for learning to read.
		Phonemic awareness is the knowledge that speech is built from sounds.
		Phonemic awareness refers to the knowledge studnts have of individual sounds in words and their abillity to manipulate those segments of sound (Stahl and Murray, 1994).
	www.csusm.edu /Quiocho/pa.html (401 words)

	Reading Rockets : Phonemic Awareness in Young Children
		Fortunately, because phonemes are the basic building blocks of spoken language, babies become attuned to the phonemes of their native language in the first few months of life.
		Phonemes are also the units of speech that are represented by the letters of the alphabetic language.
		Part of the difficulty in acquiring phonemic awareness is that, from word to word and speaker to speaker, the sound of any given phoneme can vary considerably.
	www.readingrockets.org /articles/408 (2925 words)

	Archived - Transforming Idea 3
		Phonemic awareness, a precursor to competency in identifying words, is one of the best predictors of later success in reading.
		Children's awareness of the phonemic structure of spoken words is an extremely strong predictor of their success in learning to read.
		Because useful knowledge of spelling-sound correspondences depends on such phonemic awareness, children who fail to acquire it are severly handicapped in their ability to master print.
	www.ed.gov /pubs/StateArt/Read/idea3.html (424 words)

	Reading Manipulatives \| Phonemic Awareness Tips
		Phonemic awareness is needed before students can learn to read.
		The onset of a syllable is the initial phoneme or blend; the rime is the vowel and any subsequent consonants (also called a phonemic or graphemic base).
		These groups of rhyming words are formed with a common base and multiple initial phonemes or blends (i.e., -at with phonemes: bat, cat, chat, fat, hat, mat, pat, sat, that; -at with blends: brat, scat, slat).
	readskill.com /Resources/TipsForTeachers/TipsPhonemic.htm (751 words)

	Phonemic Awareness Questions
		Phonemic awareness is the single best indicator for reading success, so I am guessing that your daughter is probably not doing as well as she should in that area.
		Phonemic awareness is the ability to distinguish sounds within words, this processing ability is vital in reading development.
		Phonemic awareness is the ability to distinguish one sound from another in a word.
	www.letsgolearn.com /lglsite/public_school_read/phonemic_awareness_faq (8300 words)

	Phonemic Awareness
		Children who have phonemic awareness skills are likely to have an easier time learning to read and spell than children who have few or none of these skills.
		The reason is obvious: children who cannot hear and work with the phonemes of spoken words will have a difficult time learning how to relate these phonemes to the graphemes when they see them in written words.
		The focus of phonemic awareness is narrow--identifying and manipulating the individual sounds in words.
	roe.stclair.k12.il.us /reading1st/phonemic_awareness.htm (500 words)

	SEDL Letter Volume XIV, Number 3: Putting Reading First - The Importance of Phonemic Awareness in Learning to Read
		Written for practitioners, this article describes phonemic awareness and discusses why it is a prerequisite for learning to read, how we have come to understand its importance, why it can be difficult to acquire, and what happens to the would-be reader who fails to acquire it.
		Phonemic awareness is thus the ability to consciously manipulate language at the level of phonemes.
		Thus, one difficulty in developing phonemic awareness is that it is not possible to explicitly state to the child what she must become aware of, rather we can only lead her to try to induce for herself what must be acquired.
	www.sedl.org /pubs/sedl-letter/v14n03/3.html (3568 words)

	ReadWriteThink: Lesson Plan: Phoneme Isolation: Building Phonemic Awareness
		One aspect of phonemic awareness is the ability to isolate and identify specific phonemes.
		Phonemic awareness, which is the awareness that speech consists of a sequence of sounds, should be a priority in early reading instruction.
		Phonemic awareness instruction can be strictly oral or may include some sort of concrete cue.
	www.readwritethink.org /lessons/lesson_view.asp?id=120 (1053 words)

	Articles at SpeechPathology.com: How to Plan Phonemic Awareness Therapy
		The value of phonemic awareness activities such as teaching sound identification, sound segmentation and rhyming are well accepted by speech-language pathologists and educators.
		Phonemic awareness can be defined as the sensitivity to or the knowledge of the sound system of a language at either an implicit or explicit level (Lance, Swanson, & Peterson, 1997).
		As the purpose of phonemic awareness therapy is to teach early reading skills, it is important to include children’s literature in phonemic awareness therapy sessions.
	www.speechpathology.com /articles/article_detail.asp?article_id=294 (1841 words)

	Phonemic Awareness \| Scholastic.com
		Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear and understand that spoken words are made up of individual sounds, or phonemes.
		Children who are phonemically aware understand the structure of the spoken language and are able to hear the individual sounds in a word in the context of the other sounds within that word.
		Phonemic awareness helps children understand the alphabetic principle that the speech sounds they hear are represented by a letter or combination of letters.
	content.scholastic.com /browse/article.jsp?id=4245 (249 words)

	Literacy Resources, Inc. - What Is Phonemic Awareness? \| Dr. Heggerty
		Phonemic awareness is the understanding that spoken words are made up of individual sounds, which are called phonemes.
		A child who is phonemically aware is able to isolate sounds, manipulate the sounds, blend and segment the sounds into spoken and written words.
		If we are working on hearing and playing with digraphs in phonemic awareness, then we are also working on it in our phonics lesson when we are working with letter/sound correspondences.
	www.literacyresourcesinc.com /what (174 words)

	What is Phonemic Awareness?
		Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds-phonemes--in spoken words.
		Students are taught to manipulate phonemes by using alphabet letters.
		Phonemic instruction is taught in Kindergarten or First Grade.
	www.writeexpress.com /LearnToRead/articles/phonemic-awareness.html (269 words)

	Phonemic Awareness Activities
		Children develop these two foundations for phonemic awareness through exposure to literature and informal activities that involve children in conscious recognition and use of these sound patterns.
		Research suggests that the easiest forms of phonemic awareness for most children to acquire are those of rhyming and alliteration.
		Awareness of when words rhyme and how to create rhyming words is an important prerequisite to the use of rimes or word families (word endings with the same graphophonic pattern) to decode unfamiliar words.
	www.sasked.gov.sk.ca /docs/ela/e_literacy/awareness.html (1507 words)

	Phonemic Awareness
		A: Phonemic awareness is a relatively new term that describes one aspect of language development that all children must acquire for the process of learning to read to be smooth.
		While you probably remember phonics lessons when you were learning to read, you may be thinking that you learned how to read without ever knowing about phonemic awareness.
		Phonemic awareness has absolutely nothing to do with reading or even with associating letters and sounds.
	www.scholastic.com /schoolage/experts/learning/6_8_phonemicaware.htm (728 words)

	Phonemic Awareness Consonant Worksheets
		Phonemic Awareness is not only helpful in decoding new reading words, but is also a critical skill for making educated guesses when spelling unknown words.
		Children who do not have satisfactory phonemic awareness skills will not only suffer slower reading progress, but will become severely frustrated when trying to spell words while writing sentences, paragraphs or stories.
		These creative activities use a highly effective visual strategy to work a little magic in teaching children phonics and phonemic awareness skills.
	www.tampareads.com /phonics/whereis/index.htm (290 words)

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