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Topic: Phoneutria

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	N19-Pathogenesis of the neuropathies induced by Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom in the brainstem of rats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		N19-Pathogenesis of the neuropathies induced by Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom in the brainstem of rats
		Phoneutria nigriventer venom causes delayed inactivation of sodium channels followed by peculiar, reversible alterations in the nodes of Ranvier and internodes.
		The interesting pattern of cellular reactions and tissue recovery observed during evolution of the lesions suggest that this may be a useful model for studying repair mechanisms in the CNS.
	www.jvat.org.br /full/jvat_including_tropical_diseases/d-1997/volume_3/number_1/symposium_1996/posters_61_80/n19-jvat_sbtx_poster_78.htm (227 words)

	F-Purification and biochemical characterization of a polypeptide from the venom of Phoneutria nigriventer spider with ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		F-Purification and biochemical characterization of a polypeptide from the venom of Phoneutria nigriventer spider with activity...
		The venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer produces a variety of biological actions including priapism which is characterized by a painful and prolonged penile erection.
		A polypeptide from Phoneutria nigriventer responsible for the relaxation of the rabbit corpus cavernosum was purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
	www.jvat.org.br /full/jvat_including_tropical_diseases/e-1998/volume_4/number_2/f-jvat_th1_98_02.htm (252 words)

	Phoneutria - Associated Companies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		PHONEUTRIA has its main activities in the extraction and processing of arthropod poisons for the development of biopharmaceuticals.
		It has also been active in the development of bioinsecticides and produces inputs used in molecular biology processesand techniques such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis.
		In particular, PHONEUTRIA produces restriction enzymes, such as Taq DNA Polymerase and other thermostable enzymes.
	www.biominas.org.br /ingles/associadas/phoneutria.htm (59 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom activates 5-HT4 receptors in rat-isolated vagus ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom activates 5-HT receptors in rat-isolated vagus nerve
		These data show that 5-HT receptors play a significant role in the activation of nociceptive sensory nerve fibres by PNV and suggest that this is of importance in the development of the pain and inflammation associated with bites from the P.
		Intradermally injected Phoneutria nigriventer venom (PNV) acts as a potent agent producing plasma protein extravasation in rat and rabbit dorsal skin (Antunes et al., 1992).
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v139/n1/full/0705240a.html (4006 words)

	The World Spider Catalog, V6.0 by N. I. Platnick © 2000 — 2005 AMNH
		N.B.: not a senior synonym of Phoneutria Perty, 1833, Leptoctenus L. Koch, 1878, Isoctenus Bertkau, 1880, Oligostenus Simon, 1887 or Trogloctenus Lessert, 1935 (Lehtinen, 1967: 241, 244, 254, 272).
		Phoneutria decora Gerstäcker, 1873: 483, pl. 18, f.
		Phoneutria fasciata Lenz, 1886: 404, pl. 10, f.
	research.amnh.org /entomology/spiders/catalog/CTENIDAE.html (3010 words)

	Arachnids
		The venom of this genus is contains some of the most potent biologic toxins that produce their effects through destabilization of cell membranes and degranulation of nerve terminals resulting in the release of neurotransmitters [130].
		Phoneutria nigriventer (Brazilian wandering spider) contains extremely toxic venom with the potential danger of this specie compounded by the fact that this large spider is extremely aggressive and often bites multiple times in quick succession.
		The toxins of Phoneutria shares strong structural similarity, particularily in the location of the cysteine residues, with neurotoxins from Agelenopsis aperta and Hololena curta [102].
	www.venomdoc.com /old/arachnid/arachnid.html (2688 words)

	Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo - A clinico-epidemiological study of bites by spiders ... *(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)*
		In conclusion, accidents involving the genus Phoneutria are common in the region of Campinas, with the highest risk groups being children under 10 years of age and adults over 70 years of age.
		Spiders of the genus Phoneutria, popularly known as "armed" spiders or banana spiders are restricted to South America.
		From 1990 to 1993, bites by Phoneutria spp.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46652000000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso (2293 words)

	What is a Banana Spider?
		The banana spider is a common name used for two entirely different species of spiders, the argiope of North America, and the phoneutria of Central and South America, the latter of which can be deadly.
		The phoneutria or South American banana spider is a large, aggressive spider with a body length of about 1.3" (3 cm).
		The South American banana spider's venom is neurotoxic, or acts on the nervous system, and is similar to the venom produced by redback spiders, also known as fl widows.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-a-banana-spider.htm (484 words)

	Brazilian wandering spider - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) is regarded by some as the most dangerous spider in the world.
		It is highly venomous and not reluctant to attack people who appear threatening to it.
		As a result, any large spider appearing in a bunch of bananas should be treated with due care.
	www.iridis.com /Brazilian_wandering_spider (141 words)

	Spiders - Phoneutria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		One of the Brazilian wandering spiders, Phoneutria fera, is in the most toxic spider.
		Phoneutria Fera The 'Brazillian Wandering' Spider The Brazilian Wandering spider is a large hunting spider that produces one of the most toxic of
		Isolation of a pure toxic polypeptide from the venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer and its neurophysiological activity on an insect femur
	spiders.hostedlink.com /phoneutria (717 words)

	Spider Neurotoxins
		This use of structurally distinct toxins from common as well as divergent sources is an excellent manner in which to study a channel.
		This conservation of structure among these three species is interesting to view from a taxonomic standpoint in that venom peptide sequences may be useful as chemotaxonomic tools.
		Despite being the only lethal species amongst the three spiders, the toxins of the Phoneutria nigriventer share strong structural similarity, particularly in the location of the cysteine residues with neurotoxins from these other two spiders.
	www.kingsnake.com /toxinology/spider_neurotoxins.html (1073 words)

	Tarantula - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This claim is often made without identifying a particular spider although the "banana tarantula" is sometimes named.
		The dangerous Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) is probably the spider in question as it sometimes found hiding in clusters of bananas and is one of several spiders called the "banana spider".
		It is not a tarantula but it is fairly large (about an inch long), somewhat hairy, and is regarded as aggressive.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /tarantula.htm (1982 words)

	CARACTERIZE A FAMILY OF NEUROPEPTIDES CALLED Tx2-5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer contains a collection of neurotoxics peptides that are known to interfere with the function of voltage gated channels (Cordeiro et al.,1995).
		Towards this end, we have prepared a cDNA library from Phoneutria nigriventer venom gland to clone the cDNAs enconding neurotoxins related to Tx2-5.
		A cDNA library from Phoneutria nigriventer venom gland has been prepared and used to identified the cDNA of one isoform of the toxin Tx2-5 called Pn2-5A (Kalaphotakis et al., 1995), this isoform showed 94% sequence homology to the Tx2-5 toxin and 92% to Pn2-1, other isoform cloned by our group.
	www.icb.ufmg.br /~lbcd/pages2/daniel/rgramado.html (240 words)

	User talk:Patrick0Moran - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It'd probably be easy to find a species that would have a suborder, subfamily, subgenus in the taxobox because there are just so many members of each rank.
		Also that's a good point about the common names, perhaps with the brazilian wandering spider, we should change that to the article title for Phoneutria, then just redirect Phoneutria to brazilian wandering spider.
		Then change the Phoneutria nigriventer article to its binomial name for now, unless a more accurate common name for it is known.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/User_talk:Patrick0Moran (3189 words)

	Artigos publicados em revistas de circulação internacional (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		G.de Nucci, ``Biochemical characterization of a vascular smooth muscle contracting polypeptide purified from Phoneutria nigriventer (armed spider) venom'', Toxicon, 31, 377-384, (1993).
		G.de Nucci, ``Identification of a new vascualr smooth muscle contracting polypeptide in the Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom'', Biochemical Pharmacology, 46, 1092-1095, (1993).
		E.Antunes, ``Identification of a new vascular smooth muscle contracting polypeptide in the Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom'', Biochemical Pharmacology, 46, 1092-1095, (1993).
	www.unicamp.br /anuario/93/node133.html (315 words)

	Brazilian fera phoneutria spider wandering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		As brazilian fera phoneutria spider wandering related subjects continue to gain in popularity, there will be many more places to learn more about this weighty topic.
		When you're surfing for brazilian fera phoneutria spider wandering articles and info, be certain to tap into all of the resources available.
		The most accurate brazilian fera phoneutria spider wandering knowledge may take a little time to track down.
	www.brazil-website.com /brazilian-fera-phoneutria-spider-wandering (307 words)

	Venenonemia
		North American's Latrodectus and Loxoceles are health problems; Phoneutria has been described in Southern Mexico.
		The number of species of Latrodectus and Phoneutria that exist in Mexico is unknown at this time.
		The action of the alpha-latrotoxin (molecular weight 130 KDa, 1219 aminoacid residues) the major neurotoxins of fl widow venom, is partially understood and can be neutralized with antivenom.
	www.venenonemia.org /doc018.html (385 words)

	CV English (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Role of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger on the effect of PhTX2, from the venom of Phoneutria nigriventer, on [Ca2+]i and glutamate release from synaptosomes.
		Seminário “The Calcium Channel Blocker Toxin Tx3-3 from the Venom of the Spider Phoneutria nigriventer.” MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Neurobiology Division, Cambridge-UK, 07 de outubro/97.
		MOURA J.R., PRADO M.A.M., GOMEZ M.V., KALAPOTHAKIS E., DINIZ C.R., CORDEIRO M.N. and ROMANO-SILVA M.A. (1998) Investigation of the effect of PhTx2, from the venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer, on the release of [3H]-acetylcholine from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
	www.icb.ufmg.br /~neurofar/cv_english.htm (1721 words)

	Promiscuous and Reversible Blocker of Presynaptic Calcium Channels in Frog and Crayfish Neuromuscular Junctions From ...
		Phoneutria nigriventer venom: a cocktail of toxins that affect ion channels.
		Isolation of neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the "armed" spider Phoneutria nigriventer.
		Souccar C, Goncalo MdC, Lapa AJ, Troncone LR, Lebrun I, and Magnoli F. Blockade of acetylcholine release at the motor endplate by a polypeptide from the venom of Phoneutria nigriventer.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/90/5/3529 (5051 words)

	Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, weight loss, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Phoneutria nigriventer toxin Tx3-1 blocks A-type K+ currents controlling Ca2+ oscillation frequency in GH3 cells.
		GH3 cells present spontaneous Ca2+ action potentials and oscillations of intracellular Ca2+, which can be modified by altering the activity of K+ or Ca2+ channels.
		We took advantage of this spontaneous activity to screen for effects of a purified toxin (Tx3-1) from the venom of Phoneutria nigriventer on ion channels.
	ultram-online-rx.com /ref-nifedipine/nifedipine-research-abs3.428.html (896 words)

	GILBERTO DE NUCCI
		Costa, S.K.P., Moreno-Jr, H., De Nucci, G. and Antunes, E. The effect of Phoneutria nigriventer (armed spider) venom on arterial blood pressure of anaesthetised rats.
		Activation by Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom of autonomic nerve fibers in the isolated rat heart.
		(2002) Role of kinins and sensory neurons in the rat pleural leukocyte migration induced by Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom.
	www.gdenucci.com /cv.htm (5415 words)

	Brazilian Wandering Spider (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		in the news The Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) is regarded by some as the...
		(Phoneutria nigriventer) is regarded by some as the most dangerous spider in the world.
		Spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) is regarded by some as the most dangerous spider in the world.
	1st-in-spider.com /1/Brazilian-Wandering-Spider.html (758 words)

	Pfam 18.0 : Toxin_29 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This family consists of PhTx insecticidal neurotoxins that are found in the venom of Brazilian, Phoneutria nigriventer.
		The venom of the Phoneutria nigrivente contains numerous neurotoxic polypeptides of 30-140 amino acids which exert a range of biological effects.
		Purification and amino acid sequence of a highly insecticidal toxin from the venom of the brazilian spider Phoneutria nigriventer which inhibits NMDA-evoked currents in rat hippocampal neurones.
	pfam.wustl.edu /cgi-bin/getdesc?name=Toxin_29 (119 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The final extremely venomous spider that has caused deaths is the Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria sp.) This species of spider is feared in and around Brazil and there are reported cases of...
		Matthew Stevens, 23, was cleaning behind the freezer in the Quantock Gateway pub in Bridgwater, Somerset, when he was bitten by the Brazilian Wandering Spider, which had apparently found its way into...
		They identified it as a Brazilian Wandering Spider, or phoneutria fera, with venom glands containing enough poison to kill 225 mice.It likely had arrived in a box of bananas, officials said.
	www.spidersnests.com /brazilianspiderwandering (1188 words)

	Re: What is the most posionous spider in the world?
		At present most seem to be leaning toward the South American Phoneutria fera (Ctenidae), with the Australian Atrax robustus (Dipluridae) second.
		Spiders in the genus Sicarius (Sicariidae) are also in the running, but as few people ever come into contact with these odd spiders from the South American deserts they have not acquired the notoriety that the others have.
		Keep in mind that the ranking is to some extent arbitrary, as we are comparing neurotoxic and necrotic venoms and also that a very potent venom may be delivered in small amounts, while a less potent venom may be delivered in massive quantities.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/1999-05/927584871.Zo.r.html (177 words)

	Arachnoboards - Huge Phoneutria Nigrivinter
		Well there are a few (crazy obviously) that have Phoneutria Nigrivinter and even breed (simply mental) this at home.
		Normally the Phoneutria Nigrivinter looks more like a wolf spider (Lycosa) but with a leg span o 10 - 13 cm.
		The spider genus Phoneutria is a dangerous one yes.
	www.arachnoboards.com /ab/showthread.php?t=41287 (2530 words)

	Artigos publicados em revistas de circulação internacional especializadas
		R.T.Palframan, S.K.P.Costa, P.Wilsoncroft, E.Antunes e G.de Nucci, ``The effect of a tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist SR140333 on oedema formation induced in rat skin by venom from the Phoneutria nigriventer spider'', British Journal of Pharmacology, 118, 295-298, (1996).
		E.Rego, A.C.Bento, R.A.B.Lopes-Martins, E.Antunes, S.Marangoni, J.R.Giglio, B.Oliveira e G.de Nucci, ``Isolation and partial characterization of a polypeptide from Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom that relaxes rabbit corpus cavernosum in vitro'', Toxicon, 34(10), 1141-1147, (1996).
		S.K.P.Costa, H.Moreno- Jr, G.de Nucci e E.Antunes, ``The effect of Phoneutria nigriventer (armed spider) venom on arterial blood pressure of anaesthetised rats'', European Journal of Pharmacology, 298, 113-120, (1996).
	www.unicamp.br /anuario/96/biomedicas/node247.html (745 words)

	Brazilian Wandering Spider - Surch
		Matthew Stevens, 23, disturbed the Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria fera) which had stowed away...
		We have identified it as the Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria fera).
		most venomous spiders is the Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria nigriventer).
	www.surch.co.uk /brazilian+wandering+spider (407 words)

	The Cool Cafe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		By Phoneutria fera June 28, 2004 at 09:17:29 PM
		By Phoneutria Fera June 29, 2004 at 04:07:27 PM
		By Phoneutria Fera July 3, 2004 at 09:36:17 PM
	b4.boards2go.com /boards/board.cgi?user=CoolCafe (701 words)

	Sumarios varios
		Investigation of the effect of PhTx2, from the venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer, on the release of (3II)-acetylcholine from rat
		Cloning, cDNA sequence analysis and patch clamp studies of a toxin from the venom of the armed spider (Phoneutria nigriventer)
		Membranes and bioenergetics - Inhibition of glutamate uptake by a polypeptide toxin (phoneutriatoxin 3-4) from the spider Phoneutria nigriventer
	europa.sim.ucm.es:8080 /compludoc/AA?a=Prado&donde=otras&zfr=0 (1679 words)

	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P31010 [TX3_PHONI] Neurotoxin Tx3
		They link to the user manual or other documents.
		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Arachnida; Araneae; Araneomorphae; Entelegynae; Lycosoidea; Ctenidae; Phoneutria.
		, Cordeiro M.N. Oliveira E.B. Diniz C.R. "Isolation of neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the 'armed' spider Phoneutria nigriventer.";
	www.expasy.org /uniprot/P31010 (240 words)

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