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Topic: Phonosemantics

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	Phonosemantics. Who is Phonosemantics? What is Phonosemantics? Where is Phonosemantics? Definition of Phonosemantics. ...
		Sound symbolism or phonosemantics is an obscure branch of linguistics and refers to the idea that vocal sounds have meaning.
		The idea of phonosemantics was sporadically discussed during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.
		Otto Jespersen suggests that: “Sound symbolism, we may say, makes some words more fit to survive.” Dwight Bolinger of Harvard University was the primary proponent of phonosemantics through the late 40’s and the 50’s.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Phonosemantics (1845 words)

	Margaret Magnus Dissertation Intro
		I found in the course of this project that phonosemantic correlations were much more pervasive than I initially anticipated and certainly greater than is generally supposed in the linguistics literature.
		The initial experiments primarily test for Phonosemantic Association and the Phonosemantic Hypothesis, while the final experiments primarily test for Iconism; the intermediary experiments are evidence for both, with increasing emphasis on Iconism.
		Indeed, the phonosemantic literature really consists in large part of a collection of hundreds of such varied experiments performed for languages worldwide and all yielding more or less the same conclusion with varying degrees of generality.
	www.trismegistos.com /Dissertation/DissIntro.htm (5602 words)

	Dynamics and Phonosemantics
		Anyway, phonosemantic transparency means that the meaning of the form is tightly linked to its phonological structure.
		Shape and surface texture are often also incorporated- in reference to mammalian responses to different types of situation, so rough texture associates with friction, on the one hand, and horripilation of the skin, on the other, as well as the emotional reactions which go along with it, and social situations that might have caused it.
		Phonosemantics thus represents one side of the equation.
	www.yangsky.com /verb_discussion_002.htm (1134 words)

	Annotated Bibliography
		It is not oriented at phonosemantics specifically, though sections of the book are devoted to the issues of sound in language, and it is not a scholarly work.
		Jakobson is by many acknowledged as the chief proponent of phonosemantics, though certainly many of the masters of old espoused the phonosemantic hypothesis: Jespersen, Sapir, Bloomfield,...
		In this work, McCune has taken phonosemantics out of the realm of speculation and proven for the first time that it is indeed a large scale and active force in language.
	www.mcttelecom.com /~mmagnus/AnnotBiblio.html (2187 words)

	Sound Questionaire
		The project SoundLetter is an application phonosemantics, which is a branch of psycholinguistics.
		Phonosemantics is based on the assumption that every sound and every letter may be pleasant or unpleasant, round or sharp, cold or hot.
		The results of the experiment that use Semantic Differential method usually show how the phonetic forms of the words are correlated with the objects they represent.
	www.almex.net /randd/phonoexperiment/index.php (153 words)

	Phonosemantics
		It is based on the assumption that every sound and every letter may be pleasant or unpleasant, round or sharp, hot or cold.
		The results of the experiments in phonosemantics show how the phonetic forms of brand names or trademarks are correlated with the commercial product they represent.
		We are glad to announce release of a pilot offline version of phonosemantic application SoundLetter.
	www.almex.net /randd/phonosemantics/index.php (141 words)

	Semantics: Khodasevich’s “Ballada” or “Orpheus”: A Study of Figurative Language, Phonosemantics... (Athena ...
		The phonosemantic computer analysis of his poem shows a difficult and painful process, manifested in the lack of positive valuation for the more common consonants and vowels in the “Ballada”.
		This paper demonstrates that the poem “Ballada” or “Orpheus” does not merely have a reference to the mythical figure of Orpheus in the final stanzas, but is phonosemantically and semantically intertwined with the myth of Orpheus throughout.
		Khodasevich’s figurative language, his philosophical maturity, and phonosemantics require a careful and analytical translator to render his poetic oeuvre into the English language.
	www.stihi.ru /poems/2003/11/13-544.html (4474 words)

	Memetics discussion list archive (associated with
		Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)
		Reply: Douglas Brooker: "Re: Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)"
		Reply: Zylogy@aol.com: "Re: Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)"
	cfpm.org /~majordom/memetics/2000/3042.html (1727 words)

	Phonosemantics. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		@The branch of linguistics that provides the general framework for this research is known as phonosemantics.
		@As it happens, phonosemantics has long been eclipsed in popularity among linguists by the what is often denoted the Conventionalist position.
		In conclusion, phonosemantics is the wave of the future, just now beginning to swell in the open sea.
	www.kotoba-project.com /phonosemantics.html (335 words)

	Does "Language" equal "Human Language?" (1)
		Phonosemantics is less clearly accepted by mainstream workers except as marginalia (a mistake if one is familiar with many African, Central Asian, Southeast Asian languages, etc.), and even here, there are usually only hints of higher-order structural motivation (such as Nichols' 30-year old article on feature-level associations with augmentative/diminutive sound symbolism).
		Chewing effectively requires feedback routines which allow one to retrace to earlier steps- sometimes you miss pieces, or the structure of food is such that one runs into a similar hierarchical organization pattern- hard skin, flesh, seed sheath, seed, etc. Possibly the basis of syntax lies in these routines.
		The phonosemantics behind the lexicon (abstracting away history and grammaticalization and all the rest) appears to be exactly based in the cardinal points of the various cycles- the properties of food to be processed at each of the different tooth types, the actions needed to achieve that processing, and on and on.
	www.enformy.com /dma-an1.htm (3052 words)

	Memetics discussion list archive (associated with
		Re: Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)
		In reply to: Zylogy@aol.com: "Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)"
		Next in thread: Gatherer, D. (Derek): "RE: Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)"
	cfpm.org /~majordom/memetics/2000/3053.html (199 words)

	Unpublished Papers
		Yet the proof of the phonosemantics is in the semantics: the silent-stop nasal-stop words don't just look like regular nasal-stop wordsóthey also act like them.
		Phonosemantics always leads back to the body in the end.
		How well nasal-stops actually reproduce the sounds of impact is a question for someone with a spectrograph; but it's pretty clear that nasal-stops make use of two phonosemantic relationships that are already well established in English onomatopoeia.
	www.conknet.com /~mmagnus/SSArticles/Emerson.html (3379 words)

	Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary - Ideophone
		In this narrow sense, the validity of the class of ideophones is rarely disputed.
		The word class of ideophones is often called phonosemantic to indicate that it is not a grammatical word class in the traditional sense of the word (like 'verb' or 'noun'), but rather a grouping based on form and meaning.
		In the discipline of linguistics, ideophones have long been overlooked or treated as mysterious words.
	fact-archive.com /encyclopedia/Ideophone (598 words)

	The Phonosemantics of Nasal-Stop Clusters
		Indonesian provides a good test case, because its phonosemantics have been analyzed in detail by Keith McCune in his marvelous 1983 study The Internal Structure of Indonesian Roots.
		Perhaps the two notions represent two different aspects of a single phonosemantic superclass 'noise/round'.
		Of the two sounds, [n] is a commoner phone throughout the world; but [N], though it is a rarer gem and harder to say, is also, as I hope to have shown, unusually rich in phonosemantic possibilities.
	www.trismegistos.com /IconicityInLanguage/Articles/Emerson.html (6770 words)

	The Jayarava Rave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		So much has been written about mantra that is obscure, misleading, or plain wrong that it requires a lot of sifting.
		However I also intend to apply the ideas of Phonosemantics to mantra - something which to my knowledge has never been attempted before.
		This requires me to understand in some depth a few different areas of linguistics and semiology: phonology, phonetics, semantics, pragmatics, and of course Margaret Magnus's material on phonosemantics.
	mahaabaala.blogspot.com (1303 words)

	Sound symbolism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Otto Jespersen suggests that: Sound symbolism, we may say, makes some words more fit to survive.
		He wrote, for example, that /l/ at the end of a word symbolizes prolongation, continuation or nasals at the end of a word express continuous vibrating sounds.
		She has investigated every consonant, and writes about several in depth including /s/ which turns out to have a very strong association with the serpentine see if you can think of an adjective for a snake that does not contain /s/.
	www.enlightenweb.net /s/so/sound_symbolism.html (1823 words)

	Phonetic project SoundLetter;
		Phonosemantic investigations have revealed the secrets of influence the sounds of speech have on human sub-consciousness.
		Furthermore, it has provided the basis and the methodology for measuring unconscious emotional reaction to the words and the way they sound.
		This project will be available soon in the on-line version on our site.
	www.almex.net /randd/phonosemantics/soundletter.php (158 words)

	index3.html
		Don't Confuse OMC With The Terms 'Sound Symbolism' or 'Phonosemantics'
		Previous researchers in the area known as "sound symbolism" or "phonosemantics" were able to detect relationships between the sounds of words and their meaning but had difficulty explaining why the relationship existed.
		They could not find a unifying construct that would explain the phonetic-semantic relationship and, in many instances, they found sounds had meanings that were inconsistent with other sounds.
	www.e-commercesolutions.net /members/omconstruct/index3.html (416 words)

	Symbolism
		Skull (symbolism) human skeleton, and can fascinate even as they repel.
		Sound symbolism Sound symbolism or phonosemantics is an obscure branch of phoneme: Phonemes are written between slashes...
		Symbolism For an account of the late 19th-century movement in poetry and the arts, known as Symbolism, see symbolism (a...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/symbolism.html (159 words)

	Encyclopedia: Jens Otto Harry Jespersen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Jespersen was a proponent of phonosemanticism and wrote: âIs there really much more logic in the opposite extreme which denies any kind of sound symbolism (apart from the small class of evident echoisms and âonomatopoeiaâ) and sees in our words only a collection of accidental and irrational associations of sound and meaning?
		...There is no denying that there are words which we feel instinctively to be adequate to express the ideas they stand for.â Sound symbolism or phonosemantics is an obscure branch of linguistics and refers to the idea that vocal sounds have meaning.
		The sound of hitting a ball can be described as Whack.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Jens-Otto-Harry-Jespersen (978 words)

	Memetics discussion list archive (associated with
		Next in thread: Zylogy@aol.com: "Re: Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)"
		> Subject: Phonosemantics and parallels in the genome (and elsewhere)
		> as the geometrical models of phonosemantics do for their level of reality.
	cfpm.org /~majordom/memetics/2000/3067.html (1563 words)

	LIA
		· Mikhalev, Andrei B. (1995), The Theory of Phonosemantic Space, Krasnodar State University.
		· Nobile, Luca (2001), "Phonosemantics of Italian monosyllables", M.A. thesis, University of Rome.
		Emerson, Ralph (2001) 'The Phonosemantics of Nasal-Stop Clusters'.
	www.conknet.com /~mmagnus/LIA (1082 words)

	AllWords.com - Dictionary, Guide, Community and More
		This site has a detailed and exhaustive breakdown of meanings of words even to the phonetic sounds.
		This includes sound symbolism, phonosemantics, phonetic symbolism, mimologics, and iconism.
		The terms on this website are taken from Medical Etymology.
	www.allwords.com /Etymology.php (488 words)

	MavicaNET - Phonosemantics and Onomatopoeia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Katalog / Kültür / Bilim / Humanities / Linguistics / Phonetics and Scripts / Phonosemantics and Onomatopoeia
		The reference point on the web about phonosemantics.
		An introduction to the science of meaning of the sound.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/tur/8996.html (67 words)

	Follow Me Here... : 10/01/2003 - 10/31/2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Beeman quotes sources which suggest that the butterfly is a uniquely powerful archetype of transformation, although he is not convinced, and concludes that the status of the butterfly in human linguistic cognition may well remain elusive and mysterious.
		And here, also thanks to wood s lot, is a page with an extensive list of links to phonosemantics and linguistic iconism.
		In one of those synchronistic moments, soon after writing the above, someone (and I cannot for the moment reconstruct who it was) pointed me to these posters of letters and numbers found in the designs on the wings of butterflies, about which I have marvelled in the past (and occasionally given as presents).
	world.std.com /home/dacha/WWW/emg/public_html/2003_10_01_blog_archive.html (10553 words)

	Brand Name Research \| Strategic Name Development
		What barriers have to be overcome with negative latent associations?
		How does sound symbolism or phonosemantics (the meaning of sounds) affect the evaluation of a name's latent association?
		Which brand name candidate best positions your company, product or service offering?
	www.namedevelopment.com /brand-name-research.asp (496 words)

	Phonosemantic Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The intent is that this should become an exhaustive bibliography of phonosemantics.
		· Voronin, Stanislav V. (1990a), "On the Method of Phonosemantic Analysis." (in Russian), in Lingvometodicheskije aspekty
		· Maduka, Omen Namdi (1982), "Phonosemantic Analysis of Ideophones", 3rd Meeting of the Linguistic Association of Nigeria.
	www.arts.cuhk.edu.hk /~twkwan/Humboldt/magmus-bib.html (14773 words)

	Zeal.com - Site Profile for Linguistic Iconism, Sound Symbolism, & Phonosemantics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Zeal.com - Site Profile for Linguistic Iconism, Sound Symbolism, and Phonosemantics
		Linguistic Iconism, Sound Symbolism, and Phonosemantics > Profile
		Guide to phonosemantics discusses the history of word formation and the theory that all words sound like their meaning.
	www.zeal.com /website/profile.jhtml?cid=925612&wid=60262148 (83 words)

	::: wood s lot ::: October 16 - 31, 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A recent regular visit to xvarenah netted this:
		Margaret Magnus' Phonosemantics and Linguistic Iconism Web Sites
		This little discussion started with an inquiry by a group of mathematician friends at Santa Clara University.
	www.ncf.ca /~ek867/2003_10_16-31_archives.html (8813 words)

	John Lawler
		It makes a nice bookend with 'Style Stands Still' (though it's not as funny).
		Bibliography of Assonance-Rime Phonosemantics, with links to authors and papers.
		Things I didn't write (but put on the Web anyway).
	www-personal.umich.edu /~jlawler (1211 words)

	Status of English modules... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		I've also been thinking of taking advantage of some of the lists at http://wordlist.sourceforge.net/ to hammer out some facilities for future English nightmares.
		On an unrelated note, did you know that only a few special places on the web have the following word sequence according to Google: "Bring King Ling ring Bing Ding Sing spring swing" (Wow, The Phonosemantics of Nasal-Stop Clusters and other music hits.
		Can you think of the longest such a
	perlmonks.thepen.com /155406.html (656 words)

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