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Topic: Phoolan Devi

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	Phoolan Devi \| DesPardes.com
		Devi, one of India's best-known women, was adored by thousands of lower-caste Hindus in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, whose interests she represented in the country's parliament.
		The short and stocky Devi was portrayed in the 1994 film ''Bandit Queen'' as a rape victim from a low-caste community of boatmen whose career of crime began as a quest for revenge against her attackers.
		Devi, a feisty, blunt-spoken public speaker who drew large crowds, became a member of the lower house of parliament in 1996, was defeated in 1998 elections and made a comeback in 1999.
	www.despardes.com /people/phoolandevi.html (1012 words)

	rediff.com Special: A year later, Phoolan Devi murder case languishes
		Hailing from among the so-called lower castes, Phoolan Devi was born in Gurah ka Purva village in central Uttar Pradesh in August 1963.
		Phoolan Devi later claimed that she during a raid on Behmai village, she had spotted two of the gangsters who had raped her hiding in that village.
		Phoolan Devi went beyond newspaper reports after Mala Sen, a journalist working for Channel 4, wrote a book on her while she was still in prison.
	www.rediff.com /news/2002/jul/25spec1.htm (1030 words)

	The Hindu : Phoolan Devi
		Phoolan Devi entering the political scene and her getting elected to the Lok Sabha after paying the price of a life term after surrender cannot be cited as another instance of criminalisation of the political system.
		Phoolan Devi did not resist the process by which the idea of social justice was reduced to rhetoric, restricted to mere empowerment of the Other Backward Castes and even opposed at times to any kind of such assertion by the Dalits.
		Phoolan Devi was a victim of the unequal social set-up for most part of her life and even when she managed to get out of it, she was reduced to a symbol rather than her growing into a leader in her own right.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/2001/07/27/stories/05272511.htm (642 words)

	JINX \| REBEL BEAUTY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phoolan Devi withstood beatings and perversions for a year when at the tender age of twelve she set off on foot to return to the support of her family.
		Phoolan Devi's honor was restored and she became the subject of songs and the glamour goddess of her people.
		Phoolan Devi became increasing convinced that she was the reincarnation of Durga, and amazed everyone with her ability to interpret signs and omens and keep the gang safe.
	www.jinxmagazine.com /rebel_beauty.html (1753 words)

	On Phoolan Devi
		Phoolan Devi is a low-caste Indian woman heralded by the masses as an incarnation of the Goddess Durga.
		Phoolan Devi was born in a small village called Ghura Ka Purwa, on the Yamuna river in Uttar Pradesh.
		Phoolan was beaten, tortured and raped constantly by Shri Ram and his men; She was led on a rope, naked, from village to village, displayed to thousands.
	reli350.vassar.edu /higham/phoolan.html (4058 words)

	Phoolan Devi
		Phoolan Devi (1963-2001) was born to a lower-caste family in the small village of Gorha Ka Purwa, Uttar Pradesh, India.
		Imprisoned without trial for eleven years, she was released in 1994, after Mulayam Singh Yadav[?], the newly elected chief minister of the state of Uttar Pradesh, directed lawyers for the state to withdraw all charges against her.
		On July 25, 2001, she was gunned down by four men in front of her house in New Delhi.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ph/Phoolan_Devi.html (294 words)

	The Hindu : The parable of Phoolan Devi
		IT is anybody's guess if Phoolan Devi, the bandit queen turned politician who succumbed to an assassin's bullets the other day at the prime of her life, would have lived longer if she had remained in the Chambal valley rather than venture into the capital city of the nation.
		Phoolan herself was forced into a marriage at the tender age of 11 to a man older than her by two decades.
		It is a measure of the misery and helplessness that Phoolan and her family endured then, that her mother advised her to end her life by drowning herself in the river nearby.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/2001/08/05/stories/1305061c.htm (1475 words)

	30/06/97 -- Features: Caste as woman: izzat and larai* in Northern India
		Phoolan Devi, also known as the "Bandit Queen" was born into a poor, lower-caste, rural family in the northern Indian state of Bihar.
		Phoolan Devi is outraged that a fictionalized account of her life has been simulated and commodified for mass consumption, passed off as a "true story".
		Phoolan feels that the simulation and representation of her brutal and repeated rapes on film are an extreme invasion of her privacy.
	www.peak.sfu.ca /the-peak/97-2/issue9/phoolan.html (2058 words)

	Devi Murdered 25 July 2001
		According to legend, Devi - the daughter of a low-caste family in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh - was sold into marriage at age 11, fled her brutal husband and fell in love with a highway robber.
		Devi portrayed the 10-year rebellion that followed as a caste struggle in one of India's most backward regions, where upper-caste Hindus routinely preyed on members of the lower castes.
		Devi was idolized by India's poor as a horseback-riding heroine who roamed the countryside, her hallmark red bandanna tied around her head, a rifle slung across her back, exacting retribution from wealthy upper-caste landowners.
	www.geocities.com /art4today/histofot/devi984s.html (364 words)

	Observer - Hua Hin and Cha-am Stories and articles.
		Phoolan never trusted this man and her fears were justified when he had the Neem tree cut down whilst Phoolan's family were out.
		Phoolan now knew love for the first time, and was so enthralled with her new life with Vikram that she had a rubber stamp made that identified her as ‘Phoolan Devi, dacoit beauty, beloved of Vikram Mallah, Emperor of Dacoits'.
		Phoolan Devi, the self-anointed ‘Dacoit Queen' led raids throughout Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh where she was also the self-appointed avenger for women's rights.
	www.observergroup.net /ob120back/stories.htm (3722 words)

	Troubled legacy
		The motive behind her murder, committed in broad daylight in the capital's high-security zone, continues to be a mystery, although the police claim to have caught all those involved in the plotting and carrying out of the murder of the MP from Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh.
		Uma Kashyap was a political associate of Phoolan Devi and is the Uttaranchal president of Eklavya Sena, floated by Phoolan on the lines of the Dalit Sena of Ram Vilas Paswan.
		Phoolan Devi's mother Moola Devi and her sisters and brother are of the opinion that Umed Singh married Phoolan only for money.
	www.flonnet.com /fl1817/18170280.htm (787 words)

	Phoolan Devi's 'killer' escapes -DAWN - International; 18 February, 2004
		Rana was arrested shortly after Devi, then a member of parliament, was shot dead by three masked men as she got out of a car at the gate of her New Delhi residence.
		Devi said the Valentine's Day massacre in the north Indian village of Behmai was in retaliation for her gangrape by upper-caste Hindus.
		Devi, born in a small village in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh in 1963, began life as a fugitive at age 16 when she was kidnapped, reportedly at the instigation of a family member, by bandits who operated in the Chambal ravines in central India.
	www.dawn.com /2004/02/18/int8.htm (438 words)

	AsianWeek.com: National News: The Bandit Queen: Martyr or Murderer? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Devi, 38, had reportedly returned home from a lower-house Parliament meeting when three gunmen stepped out of a car and riddled her with bullets, hitting her face and body five times.
		Devi either joined, or was kidnapped by (the details of her life have always been influenced by legend), a gang of dacoits, or modern-day bandits.
		Devi earned a fierce reputation and was referred to as the Bandit Queen.”; In 1980, she was kidnapped by rival dacoits and imprisoned in their village.
	www.asianweek.com /2001_08_03/news_bandit.html (954 words)

	The end of Phoolan Devi
		WHEN she was alive, Phoolan Devi had a larger-than-life image - of a victim of caste oppression and gender exploitation who fought back first by resorting to acts of gory revenge and later by moving on to the political plain.
		Mulayam Singh Yadav's decision to field Phoolan in Mirzapur in 1996 was primarily driven by considerations of caste arithmetic.
		Phoolan, despite her background as a bandit, won the election with a convincing margin.
	www.frontlineonnet.com /fl1816/18161180.htm (1156 words)

	PHOOLAN DEVI: BRIEF BIBLIOGRAPHY (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Devi is a lower-caste heroine seeking a Parliament seat in India's most populous state, and Gandhi opted out of the Congressional elections, leaving the party of her husband, former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, without a strong leader.
		Devi, who was arrested in 1983 and held in prison for 11 years without a trial, is regarded by a significant percentage of India's poor as a goddess with a kind of Robin Hood mystique.
		Phoolan Devi, whose life story formed the basis for the film the Bandit Queen, is campaigning in the province of Uttar Pradesh against an incumbent from the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party in the Indian elections.
	www.people.virginia.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /~pm9k/gifs/ZoForth/Pholan/folanBib.html (2413 words)

	Phoolan Devi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phoolan Devi learnt how to use a rifle from Vikram, and participated in the gang's activities, which consisted of ransacking high-caste villages and kidnapping upper-caste landowners for ransom.
		In 1996, Phoolan Devi ran for a seat in the Parliament as a Samajwadi Party candidate.
		On July 25, 2001, Phoolan Devi was shot dead by unknown assassins, as she got out of her car at the gate of her New Delhi residence.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phoolan_Devi (1504 words)

	Phoolan Devi: outlaw, laymaker, rebel - August-September 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		On July 25, Phoolan Devi, known the world over as the "Bandit Queen," was brutally gunned down in broad daylight in front of her home in the highest security zone in India's capital, New Delhi.
		Phoolan Devi struck terror in the hearts of the ruling class.
		In 1996, with dozens of cases still pending, Phoolan Devi became a Member of Parliament as a representative of the Samajwadi Party, a moderate socialistic party.
	www.newsandletters.org /Issues/2001/Aug-Sept/devi_8-01.htm (388 words)

	Info-Shrine to Phoolan
		Phoolan was a natural candidate under these circumstances, and in 1996 was elected to parliament.
		Phoolan is a very religious individual who paid respects to Durga before and after every caper, and insisted that a large image of Durga be present at her surrender.
		Phoolan at one point threatened to burn herself unless the movie was banned, because she did not want her various humiliations shown graphically to the world.
	members.tripod.com /gwinstan/phd/phdshrine.html (481 words)

	from: The Seattle Times, 'Bandit Queen fights for women's rights in rural India'
		This week, Devi threatened to immolate herself in parliament unless new murder charges brought by the male relatives of her alleged victims are dropped.
		By the time she turned herself in to authorities in 1983, Devi's life story had become folklore, perpetuated in a film "The Bandit Queen." Born into a Dalit caste of Untouchable boat-rowers, she was married at age 11 to a widower 20 years her elder.
		Devi's legend has grown in this nation of nearly 1 billion people, where urban women demand a quota of one-third of all jobs, an end to the outlawed but still common dowry system and a judiciary that cracks down on wife-beaters.
	website.lineone.net /~jon.simmons/roy/st_onbq.htm (968 words)

	Guardian \| Phoolan Devi
		Phoolan Devi, who has been gunned down, aged 38, on her own doorstep in New Delhi's high-security area in broad daylight, has an assured place in contemporary Indian history.
		There were many biographies, including India's Bandit Queen: The True Story of Phoolan Devi (1991) by Mala Sen. This formed the basis of the Channel 4 production, which was only one of several films made about her.
		For the republic's president, K R Narayanan, Phoolan Devi was the symbol of the struggle of the poorest of the poor and of the feminist crusade at its finest.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,4228352-103684,00.html (731 words)

	Phoolan Devi: the myth andthe cracked mirror
		Born in crushing poverty, reared in the most despicable of backgrounds and illiterate and unpolished, a battered and humiliated Phoolan managed to rise to levels that many bogged by similar circumstances would not ever dream of, least of all the perpetrators of her sufferings.
		Phoolan Devi's saga became a rage and a model for the downtrodden.
		Phoolan's dramatic but real life story has been a mirror image of the dirty and ugly face of the North Indian upper caste that the milieu wants to desperately hide from the world outside.
	www.ambedkar.org /News/PDthemyth.htm (1044 words)

	Phoolan Devi withdraws plea from SC
		Phoolan Devi withdraws plea from SC NEW DELHI, OCT 6: Bandit turned politician Phoolan Devi today withdrew from the Supreme Court an appeal against Kanpur court's decision rejecting Uttar Pradesh government's application to withdraw all dacoity cases against her.
		Phoolan Devi had alleged that the Kanpur court without any cogent reason dismissed an application filed by the State to withdraw the case against her even though she had undergone 11 years of imprisonment, and had issued the warrant.
		Surrender of Phoolan was negotiated by Arjun Singh, the then chief minister of Madhya Pradesh, and it was promised that she would be released after eight years of incarceration, the petition said.
	www.expressindia.com /ie/daily/19981007/28050184.html (228 words)

	India cover story: Phoolan Devi, Death of a fighter Aug 5, 2001 The Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phoolan was a Mallah, an extremely backward caste of boatmen and fishermen, while Virendra was a Thakur, the very caste against which she had wrought bloody retribution in the ravines.
		Phoolan is carried off by dacoits; in a dispute over her, upper-caste dacoit leader Babu Gujar is shot dead by his deputy Vikram Mallah; Phoolan becomes his mistress Vikram teaches her to shoot; helps Phoolan take revenge on Putti Lal Vikram told her: "If you are going to kill, kill 20, not just one.
		In contrast, the atmosphere was sombre in Shekhpur Gura, Phoolan's village, in Jalaun.
	www.the-week.com /cover.htm (3558 words)

	Phoolan Devi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Such was the case with the saga of Phoolan Devi, a woman of such charisma that she rose from obscurity to astound first her nation and then the world with tales of her banditry, imprisonment, and finally of her election to public office and subsequent assassination.
		A British writer summed up Devi’s appeal in her being “received rapturously by intellectuals [who are] bored with the sordid little compromises of European political life and ever on the lookout for a noble savage to admire.” The same could be said of Devi’s many Indian devotees.
		While she was undoubtedly an outlaw who brought misery and mayhem and death to those she assailed, Phoolan Devi also embodied the resentments of the lower castes and women.
	www.goodbyemag.com /jul01/devi.html (1550 words)

	TIME.com: India's Bandit Queen Died As She Once Lived -- Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Phoolan Devi's life, as dramatized in the movie "The Bandit Queen," was an extraordinarily violent Indian Cinderella story.
		Devi exploded into the national consciousness in 1981, as the 21-year-old leader of a Dacoit gang that massacred 21 men of the Thakur landowning caste in the village of Bhemai.
		According to the legend of Phoolan Devi in the villages of northern India, her lover and Dacoit mentor Vikram Mallah had taught her, "If you are going to kill, kill twenty, not just one.
	www.time.com /time/world/article/0,8599,168857,00.html (859 words)

	Elizabeth Debold: The Reincarnation of Durga
		Phoolan Devi's commitment was profound: “She is what sustained me; whatever she has, I have; whatever she wants, I want.
		Where the myth of Durga meets the legend of Phoolan Devi, a new story can be heard—one that compels us to bear witness to a divine fury that ferociously ignited in her the desire for triumph, the courage to speak the truth, and an unbridled demand for equality and justice.
		Awkwardly walking through the ceremony, Phoolan found her tiny fingers engulfed by the large, plump, and sweaty hand of the man who would be her husband—a man over twenty years her senior whom she had seen only once before.
	www.wie.org /j27/durga.asp (1856 words)

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