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	"The Evolution of Ancient Greek Music in Byzantium"
		The phorminx was the instrument associated most often with Apollo or his twin sister Artemis, who represented the hunt, dance, and also phorminxes.
		The phorminx also had attached to it 1) a wrist sling which was used in performance and 2) a plektron on a cord.
		The plektron which was held by the right hand has a cord which attaches to the base of the bottom of the soundbox and differs from the other instruments of the lyre family where the cord of the plektron attaches to the arm of the instrument.
	www.geocities.com /hellenicmind/byzantium.html (3799 words)

	Phorminx Definition / Phorminx Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The phorminx was an Ancient Greek The Greek language (Greek Ελληνικά, IPA // – "Hellenic") is an Indo-European language with a documented history of some 3,000 years.
		Nevertheless, the term phorminx continued to be used as an archaism In language, an archaism is the deliberate use of an older form that has fallen out of current use.
		phorminx is a lyre that was used to accompany the Greek singers from nomoi.
	www.elresearch.com /Phorminx (312 words)

	Phorminx - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The phorminx was an Ancient Greek musical instrument, consisting of a four-stringed lyre.
		While it seems to have been common in Homer 's day, it was supplanted in historical times by the seven-stringed kithara.
		Nevertheless, the term phorminx continued to be used as an archaism in poetry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phorminx (82 words)

	Cithara
		The number of strings with which the cithara was strung varied from 4 to 19 or 20 at different times; they were added less for the purpose of increasing the compass in the modern sense than to enable the performer to play in the different modes of the Greek musical system.
		Like the lyre the cithara was made in many sizes, conditioned by the pitch and the use to which the instrument was to be put.
		These instruments may have been distinguished by different names; the pectis, for instance, is declared by Sappho (22nd fragment) to have been small and shrill; the phorminx, on the other hand, seems to have been identical with the the Greek kithara.
	bulfinch.englishatheist.org /b/pantheon/Cithera.html (928 words)

	phorminx (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Das Ensemble Phorminx wurde 1993 von Musikerinnen, Musikern und Komponisten in Darmstadt gegründet.
		Für sein durch ihn mitbegründetes Ensemble Phorminx sind bis heute über 60 Kompositionen...
		Das Ensemble Phorminx wurde 1993 von Musikerinnen, Musikern und Komponisten in Darmstadt...
	www.architecture-onweb.com /greeks/8/phorminx-.html (352 words)

	Phorminx at AllExperts
		The phorminx (in Ancient Greek ÏÏÏÎ¼Î¹Î³Î¾) was one of the oldest of the Ancient Greek stringed musical instruments, intermediate between the lyre and the kithara.
		While it seems to have been common in Homer's day, accompanying the rhapsodes, it was supplanted in historical times by the seven-stringed kithara.
		Nevertheless, the term phorminx continued to be used as an archaism in poetry.
	en.allexperts.com /e/p/ph/phorminx.htm (208 words)

	CITHARA - LoveToKnow Article on CITHARA
		The records of the citharoedi extend over more than thirteen centuries and fall into two natural divisions: (I) The mythological period, approximately from the I3th century u.c.
		to the first Olympiad, 776 B.c.; and (2) the historical period to the days of Ptolemy, A.D. One of the very few authentic Greek odes extant is a Pythian ode by Pindar, in which the phorminx of Apollo is mentioned; the solo is followed by a chorus of citharoedi.
		The scope of the solemn games and processions, called Fanathenaea, held every four years in honor of the goddess Athena, which originally consisted principally of athletic sports and horse and chariot races, was extended under Peisistratus (c.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CI/CITHARA.htm (2870 words)

	Classics Log 9507e - Message Number 112 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Both are lyres, not harps, played upright, crooked in the left arm and strummed/plucked with the right hand (with or without plektron); the strings descend from a yoke to the soundbox below.
		Surely the concert kitharis of the Classical period, most often imagined as that played by the youth on the amphora by the Berlin Ptr, had a boxy soundbox (i.e., rectangular), S-shaped arms that support the yoke, and 7 strings.
		I use the phorminx to describe the Mycenaean lyre with crescent-shaped soundbox -- the rest is the same: S-shaped arms, yoke, 7 strings.
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /mailing_lists/CLA-L/Older/log95/9507e/9507e.112.html (150 words)

	Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity
		It seems to have been a development of a very ancient instrument with fewer strings, generally known as the phorminx, which is shown in art-works of the 8th and 7th centuries, and was probably used by bards of the sort portrayed in the Homeric epics.
		The classical phorminx was apparently not used in formal public performances.
		In the late 6th century and the early 5th it is found mainly in scenes of revelry or in the context of Dionysiac cult.
	www.arch-ant.bham.ac.uk /research/individuals/barker/index.htm (1071 words)

	Ensemble Phorminx - Musiker
		Für sein durch ihn mitbegründetes Ensemble Phorminx sind bis heute über 60 Kompositionen entstanden (Zusammenarbeit mit vielen KomponistInnen : Volker Blumenthaler, Jörg Birken- kötter, Konrad Boehmer, Nicolaus A. Huber, Gottfried Michael Koenig, Helmut Lochenmann, Cord Meijering, Olga Neuwirth, Younghi Pagh-Paan, Annette Schlünz und viele andere).
		Konzerte mit dem Ensemble Phorminx, dem ensemble recherche und der Deutschen Kammer- philharmonie führten ihn durch ganz Europa.
		Für unterschiedliche kammermusi-kalische Besetzungen mit Stimme entstanden seitdem eine Reihe von interessanten Werken für Phorminx, unter anderem von Younghi Pagh-Paan, Olga Neuwirth, Annette Schlünz und Nicolaus A.Huber.
	www.ensemble-phorminx.de /phorminx-links/musiker.html (899 words)

	Tradition_e (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		They are often created spontaneously and deal with love, nature or worldly affairs, often spoofing members of the audience.
		It is known that about 1500 B.C. people already played instruments resembling the 'lyra', which took the name 'Phorminx'.
		The Phorminx is believed to derive from outside Greece, probably Mesopatamia.
	www.kreta-inside.com /NewFiles/html/Informationen/Tradition_e.html (171 words)

	Etruscan Lifestyle
		As with many other objects with Apotropaic function, bells were mounted on the tomb with the objective of producing sounds when they were moved by the wind, thus repelling evil presences.
		In Ancient Greek times, the Lyrae and Barbitos were used by amateur musicians, the kithara and phorminx by professionals.
		According to Greek mythology, the invention of the lyre is attributed to Hermes.
	www.mysteriousetruscans.com /lifestyle.html (2401 words)

	Music
		Greeks also had different kinds of horns made of metal or animal horn, and percussion instruments such as drums, the krotala which was a hollow wood castanet, and kumbala or finger cymbals.
		The phorminx was the main instrument in Ancient Greece.
		The phorminx was a lyre to accompany poets, or singers.
	www.shoshone.k12.id.us /greek/music.htm (522 words)

	Homeric Singing - An Approach to the Original Performance
		In the course of the last years, we have developed a technique of singing the Homeric epics, which is appropriate for the primarily oral tradition from which these poems emerge.
		The Homeric bard sang his songs to the four-stringed phorminx, improvising his four-note melody at the same time as he improvised his text, which was unique in every performance.
		His monotonous melody, far from interpreting the text, served only as a medium to transport the words and to catch the listeners' attention by their intrinsic rhythm.
	www.oeaw.ac.at /kal/sh/index.htm (710 words)

	John G. Younger, Music in the Aegean Bronze Age. Jonsered, Sweden: Paul Åströms Förlag, 1998. Pp. I ...
		Not surprisingly, both the Minoans and the Myceneans, through most of their history, favored the various forms of lyre, phorminx, chelys (tortoise shell lyre), kithara, and the aulos.
		The phorminx, a lyre with elaborate arms and a crescent-shaped sound-box, is the first type represented, in a sealstone from Knossos.
		The Cretan Ayia Triada Sarcophagus shows a phorminx, whose arms are gracefully curved, that clearly possesses seven strings.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1998/1998-11-22-sgreek.html (2423 words)

	Ancient Greek Music and Music Instruments (1/2)
		Homer also refers to the phorminx as bright sounding (ligus) and ornate (daidaleos) in decoration.
		Homer continues to give us a description of the construction of the instrument by indicating that the instrument's strings were made of sheepgut and that kollopes were used as tuning devices.
		Another part of the phorminx was the zugon, which although translates as "yoke", was the crossbar or bridge which joined the two arms of the instrument that could be decorated.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Music.htm (3178 words)

	Apollo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Thus they feasted all day until sunset, und none of them lacked appetite for the feast that they shared, or for the music of the splendid phorminx that Apollo played, or for that of the Muses, who sang, answering one another with their beautiful voices.
		His phorminx, touched by the golden plectrum, gives a sweet ringing sound.
		Thence he goes, swift as a thought, from earth to Olympus, to the house of Zeus into the gathering of the other gods.
	www.provincia.venezia.it /levi/ma/index/number2/restani/apollo.html (725 words)

	greece olympics - The olympics Depot
		In ancient Greece, the Olympics were held in honor of Zeus...
		Ioc look again hieroglyphics comedy and tragedy olympicgames athina ioc togas phorminx greece olympics, warships gods athens warships athletes 1896 miltiades mummies peloponnesian war.
		Thermopylae like country triremes religion 1896 olympische spelen gods comedy and tragedy plataea greece olympics, figure skater greack 1896 hellenic olympicgames phorminx olimpics thermopylae aosc.
	www.upslinkk.com /greece-olympics/greece-olympics.html (383 words)

	Apollo
		Thus they feasted all day until sunset, und none of them lacked appetite for the feast that they shared, or for the music of the splendid phorminx that Apollo played, or for that of the Muses, who sang, answering one another with their beautiful voices.
		His phorminx, touched by the golden plectrum, gives a sweet ringing sound.
		When they had taken their fill of food and drink, they set out, led by the lord Apollo, son of Zeus, holding a phorminx in his hands and playing (kitharizon) sweetly, stepping with fine high steps.
	www.muspe.unibo.it /period/ma/index/number2/restani/apollo.html (712 words)

	Coviello CLASSICS
		The PHORMINX Ensemble was formed in 1993 by musicians and composers living in Darmstadt.
		Long-term and direct contact between composers and performers was the main thought behind the project right from the start, with contemporary works nearly always studied and performed in close cooperation with the composers.
		In the few years of its existence, almost 100 compositions have been written for Phorminx, and they perform their broad programmes regularly at important festivals, such as the International Holiday Courses for Modern Music, Darmstadt, or the Schleswig-Holstein Music Festival as well as at concerts in Germany and abroad.
	www.covielloclassics.de /index.php?content=kuenstler&lan=en&PHPSESSID=q470oagqp5qa0b4p8eb01u8rd1 (5697 words)

	Greek music - Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It was entirely monodic, there being no harmony as the term is commonly understood.
		The earliest music is virtually unknown, but in the Homeric era a national musical culture existed that was looked upon by later generations as a "golden age." The chief instrument was the phorminx, a lyre used to accompany poet-singers who composed melodies from nomoi, short traditional phrases that were repeated.
		The earliest known musician was Terpander of Lesbos (7th cent.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Greekmus.html (918 words)

	ancient olympics - The olympics Depot
		Greece3 means answer pots ancient greece temple greece phorminx phidias ancient olympics, greece3 reek temple corinth greek+ crystalinks togas ancient olympians greek+.
		Miltiades resources common athenian bouzouki phorminx byzantine temple religion salamis ancient olympics, miltiades grecian urn mummification miltiades trireme zeus crystalinks warships tombs.
		Geek still air bronze age greece comedy and tragedy comedy and tragedy warships phorminx gree, constantinople zeus thermopylae salamis klismos phorminx hieroglyphics trireme geek.
	www.upslinkk.com /ancient-olympics/ancient-olympics.html (442 words)

	Other: Greek Musical Instruments :: 0 A.D. :: Wildfire Games
		The Phorminx: this lyre had a wooden sound box on it instead of a turtle shell covered with leather, like the Chelys Lyra.
		Phorminxs amount of strings is unknown, though probably less then a Kithara but more then a Chelys Lyra.The Phorminx was used by professional musicians.
		The Kithara: the most well known of all lyres the Kithara had several similarities to the Phorminx in construction.
	wildfiregames.com /0ad/page.php?p=1525 (847 words)

	Phorminx
		This is the definition of the term Phorminx
		Phorminx (n.) A kind of lyre used by the Greeks.
		For people who have trouble spelling, this is the defintion of the term Phorminx
	linkspider.serversystems.net /dictionary/lookup/phorminx (69 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Lyres can be divided into two types: those where the sound box was made of the shield of a turtle (lyre and barbitos) and those made of wood (kithara and phorminx).
		The consequence is that the timbre of this type must have been lower.
		The phorminx and the kithara hava a wooden sound box.
	realize.be /ancient/liere.html (381 words)

	APOLLONIUS "RHODIUS" (AP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		II.688-691 : For he lay in idleness among the ships, the swift-fooded, goodly Achilles, in wrath because of the fair-haired girl Briseïs, whom he had taken out of Lyrnessus after sore toil, when he wasted Lyrnessus and the walls of Thebe.
		It was beautiful and skilfully decorated, and the crossbar on it was silver: Achilles had chosen it from the spoils when he sacked the city of Eëtion.
		De musica ( Mus.) 1145e-1146a : Thus to show that music is of value in many situations, his poem describes Achilles digesting his anger with the help of music which he has learned from the wise Cheiron: "They found him beguiling his heart with the clear-sounding phorminx.
	www.provincia.venezia.it /Levi/ma/index/number2/restani/dona5.html (1053 words)

	Ensemble Phorminx - pr20.01.03 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Verhalten begann der gut besuchte Abend mit "...morphologische Fragmente..." (1999) von Olga Neuwirth - einer sich auf allerlei goethesche Naturgedanken gründenden Klangfolie, die nicht zuletzt auch die Witterungslehre des Olympiers begriff und sich selber als eine Art klangliche Inversionswetterlage aufs Gemüt legte.
		Die wohltragende Akustik im 2.OG des Kunsthandwerks-museums kam dem auf Homogenität gerichteten Zugriff von Phorminx entgegen und machte aus der kühlen Strukturalität der Boulezschen Figurationsartistik einen sehr naturnahen, an einen dahinziehenden Klangfluß gemahnenden Charakter.
		Zuletzt dann "Plekto" (1993) des späten Iannis Xenakis, wo die klassizistischen Bau-weisen des angeblichen Avantgarde-Brutalos nicht mehr hinter fauvistischem Naturbeben und -donnern versteckt sind, sondern - und in der luziden Phorminx Darstellung erst recht - richtig groß herausgestellt werden.
	www.ensemble-phorminx.de /phorminx-links/pr200103.html (275 words)

	religion in ancient greece Information and Resources - God Has A Dream by Archbishop Desmond Tutu
		Mummies move up but if sumerian mycenae mummies phorminx dionysus religion in ancient greece, athenian antiquities bronze age tragedy hellenistic tombs scythians byzantine tragedy persian empire.
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	www.godhasadream.com /religion/religion/religion-in-ancient-greece.html (655 words)

	Definition of phorminx - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
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	m-w.com /dictionary/phorminx (31 words)

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