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	phoronid - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Phoronids, common name for a wormlike marine invertebrate animal, a kind of tube worm (Worm).
		Phoronids (' Phoronida'), commonly known as horseshoe worms, are a relatively small animal phylum : twenty species are known, in two genera, Phoronis and Phoronopsis
		Phoronid definition, words related to phoronid, proper usage and pronunciation of the word phoronid...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /phoronid.html (133 words)

	Phoronid
		Phoronids (Phoronida) are a relatively small animal phylum: twelve species are known, in two genera, Phoronis[?] and Phoronopsis[?].
		Phoronids are worm-shaped, but with a gut that loops and exits the body near the mouth, instead of running the length of the animal, as in annelids (and many vertebrates).
		Phoronids are found in marine sediments, ranging from the intertidal zone[?] to 400 meters depth, but are commonest at depths of less than 70 meters.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ph/Phoronid.html (112 words)

	Definition of phoronid - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Learn more about "phoronid " and related topics at Britannica.com
		Find more about "phoronid " instantly with Live Search
		See a map of "phoronid " in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=phoronid (41 words)

	Phoronid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Together with the Bryozoa and Brachiopoda, the phoronids belong to the lophophorates, sometimes treated as a single phylum.
		The metasome (or trunk, with the metacoelom) is slender and cylindrical and is used to anchor the body at the tube end.
		There is poor fossil record of soft-bodied phoronids: burrows and borings attributed to phoronids are known since the Devonian.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phoronid (910 words)

	Public Domain Content: Phoronid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Phoronids (Phoronida) are a relatively small Phoronids animal phylum: twelve species are known, in two Scientific classification genera, Phoronis and Phoronopsis.
		Phoronids are worm-shaped, but with a gut that loops and exits Kingdom: Animalia the body near the mouth, instead of running the Phylum: Phoronida length of the animal, as in annelids (and many vertebrates).
		Phoronids are found in marine Class: none defined sediments, ranging from the intertidal zone to Order: none defined 400 meters depth, but are commonest at depths of Family: Phoronidae less than 70 meters.
	www.publicdock.com /Animals/Phoronida.shtml (130 words)

	Introduction to the Phoronida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		However, phoronids -- or "horseshoe worms," as they are sometimes called -- may be abundant in shallow marine sediments at certain localities.
		Phoronids are elongated and worm- shaped, but the gut loops and ends close to the mouth, instead of passing straight through the body as in annelids and many other wormlike organisms.
		The mouth is surrounded by the ciliated feeding structure known as a lophophore.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /brachiopoda/phoronida.html (210 words)

	Featherless Duster Worms and Lamp Shells by Ronald L. Shimek, Ph.D. - Reefkeeping.com
		Phoronids should be kept with their associated animals or rock and should not be manipulated as they tend to break easily.
		Where the phoronid crown of tentacles is generally in the shape of a simple horseshoeor slightly coiled horseshoe, that of the brachiopods is much larger, and looks like a horse-shoe with the ends rotated and spiraled, so that the tentacles on each lateral branch look something like the tentacle arrangement in a Christmas tree worm.
		As in the phoronids, brachiopods are large enough to require a circulatory system, with a pulsating vessel which moves the blood, to move nutrients, wastes, and dissolved gases around the inside of the body.
	www.reefkeeping.com /issues/2002-12/rs/index.php (3009 words)

	Phoronida - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Phoronids are ancient, and some zoologists have suggested they are the ancestors of the brachiopods because of similarities in embryology.
		Tubes seen in early paleozoic sandstones appear to be identical with modern phoronid tubes, but little is known of their history.
		Ciliary feeding assisted by suction from the muscular oral hood of phoronid larvae.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-phoronid.html (324 words)

	Phoronid worms (Phoronida) on the Shores of Singapore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Phoronid worms (Phoronida) on the Shores of Singapore
		Phoronid worms are unsegmented worms belonging to Phylum Phoronida.
		Phoronids are filter feeders, creating a current of water through their spiral of tentatcles.
	www.wildsingapore.com /wildshores/worm/phoronida/phoronida.htm (313 words)

	California Diving News - California Marine Life
		Phoronids are a group of exclusively marine animals that most people have never heard of, let alone seen.
		To add to the confusion, when phoronids reproduce, their larvae are so different from the adults that scientists at first thought they were totally unrelated creatures.
		These phoronids have bodies that are a reddish-brown due to the presence of real hemoglobin in their blood, but what is visible to divers is a soft, swaying “grassy field” of expanded greenish lophophores.
	www.saintbrendan.com /cdnjune01/marine6.html (669 words)

	..::treeBASE::.. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Brachiopod and phoronid phylogeny is inferred from SSU rDNA sequences of 28 articulate and nine inarticulate brachiopods, three phoronids, two ectoprocts and various outgroups, using gene trees reconstructed by weighted parsimony, distance and maximum likelihood methods.
		Articulate brachiopods are found to be monophyletic in all reconstructions, but monophyly of inarticulate brachiopods and the possible inclusion of phoronids in the inarticulate brachiopod clade are less strongly established.
		Phoronids are clearly excluded from a sister-group relationship with articulate brachiopods, this proposed relationship being due to the rejected, chimaeric sequence (GenBank U12648).
	www.phylo.org /treebase/view/view_study.php?studyID=S553 (570 words)

	Horseshoe Worms - Phylum Phoronida
		Phoronida is a small phylum consisting of approx 15 species of worm-like creatures commonly known as phoronids or horseshoe worms.
		The tubes are usually anchored to rocks or shells even though phoronids are free to move around if they so chose, or the tubes may be buried in sand.
		One interesting aspect of phoronids is that they carry blood throughout their body in the form of red blood cells.
	www.angelfire.com /mo2/animals1/phylum/phoronida.html (409 words)

	The Mitochondrial Genome of Phoronis architecta--Comparisons Demonstrate that Phoronids Are Lophotrochozoan Protostomes ...
		The Mitochondrial Genome of Phoronis architecta--Comparisons Demonstrate that Phoronids Are Lophotrochozoan Protostomes -- Helfenbein and Boore 21 (1): 153 -- Molecular Biology and Evolution
		The curved arrow indicates a region of DNA—delineated by dashed lines—that is inverted in the lophotrochozoans relative to the arthropod L.
		Cohen, B. Monophyly of brachiopods and phoronids: reconciliation of molecular evidence with Linnaean classification (the subphylum Phoroniformea nov.).
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/21/1/153 (2885 words)

	The Phylum Phoronida
		Phoronids are a very small phylum containing 10 species of generally small marine worms.
		Metabolic wastes are extracted from the blood by means of a pair of tubular metanephridia situated on either side of the hindgut.
		The nervous system of Phoronids consists of a diffuse network of nerve which cover the entire body.
	www.earthlife.net /inverts/phoronida.html (1142 words)

	The Stachowicz Lab
		Phoronids and phoronid mimics were transplanted into the mudlfat to determine potential impacts on the infaunal species assemblage.
		To transplant the phoronids, straws were used to keep them in place until the sediment was replaced around the tubes.
		We are collecting individuals from a number of populations of intertidal phoronids to determine if there are genetically distinct species of Phoronopsis on the Pacific coast from San Diego, California up to Friday Harbor, Washington.
	www-eve.ucdavis.edu /stachowicz/larson.shtml (393 words)

	BOTW Directory - Science > Biology > Plants and Animals > Animalia > Phoronida
		Black Phoronid Worm (Phoronis australis) - Provides a description and image of a member of this phylum.
		Mitochondrial Genome of Phoronis Architecta-Comparisons Demonstrate that Phoronids are Lophotroc - Provides a copy of an article by Kevin G. Helfenbein and Jeffrey L. Boore.
		Phoronids (Horseshoe Worms) - Provides information on habitation, body structure, digestion and development of this species.
	botw.org /top/Science/Biology/Plants_and_Animals/Animalia/Phoronida (399 words)

	SICB - 2006 meeting - Abstract Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Despite differences in life history traits, phoronid larvae and the brachiopod larvae of Glottidia pyramidata (linguliform) and Terebratalia transversa (rhynchonelliform) each exhibit two functional neuromuscular signaling centers at metamorphic competence.
		In phoronids, the larval and presumptive juvenile neuromuscular signaling centers develop separately and have discrete functional roles during metamorphic remodeling.
		Overall, the larval and juvenile neuromuscular anatomy of phoronids and brachiopods share a ground plan that has been modified in developmental timing through heterochrony and functionally modified by adult habitat diversification.
	www.sicb.org /meetings/2006/schedule/abstractdetails.php3?id=550 (244 words)

	Fossil Record of the Bryozoa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The oldest known fossil bryozoans, including representatives of both major marine groups, the Stenolaemata (tubula r bryozoans) and Gymnolaemata (boxlike bryozoans), appear in the Early Ordovician.
		It is plausible that the Bryozoa existed in the Cambrian but were soft-bodied or not preserved for some other reason; perhaps they evolved from a phoronid -like ancestor at about this time.
		The stenolaemate bryozoans quickly radiated in the early Paleozoic and are very characteristic fossils of Paleozoic rocks, sometimes making substantial contributions to the formation of reefs, calcareous shales, and limestones.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /bryozoa/bryozoafr.html (336 words)

	Glasgow ePrints Service - Molecular phylogeny of brachiopods and phoronids based on nuclear-encoded small subunit ...
		Sequences determined in different laboratories and those from closely related taxa agree well, but evidence is presented suggesting that one published phoronid sequence (GenBank accession UO12648) is a brachiopod-phoronid chimaera, and this sequence is excluded from the analyses.
		The chiton, Acanthopleura, is identified as the phenetically proximal outgroup; other selected outgroups were chosen to allow comparison with recent, non-molecular analyses of brachiopod phylogeny.
		Phoronids are clearly excluded from a sister-group relationship with articulate brachiopods, this proposed relationship being due to the rejected, chimaeric sequence (GenBank UO12648).
	eprints.gla.ac.uk /2919 (524 words)

	Learn more about Phoronid in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Learn more about Phoronid in the online encyclopedia.
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	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/ph/phoronid.html (202 words)

	Glasgow ePrints Service - Monophyly of brachiopods and phoronids: reconciliation of molecular evidence with Linnaean ...
		Monophyly of brachiopods and phoronids: reconciliation of molecular evidence with Linnaean classification (the subphylum Phoroniformea nov.)
		Cohen, B.L. Monophyly of brachiopods and phoronids: reconciliation of molecular evidence with Linnaean classification (the subphylum Phoroniformea nov.).
		Within the brachiopod-phoronid clade, an association between phoronids and inarticulate brachiopods is moderately well supported, whilst a close relationship between phoronids and craniid inarticulates is weakly indicated.
	eprints.gla.ac.uk /2917 (254 words)

	BIO 110 H (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		These animals prefer temperate oceans, although freshwater, and even terrestrial groups are also known.
		The Lophophorates consist of three groups; Bryozoan, Phoronids, and Brachiopods.
		Some scientists consider each group to be a separate phylum, while others group them together into the larger Lophophorate phyla (Emig).
	www.personal.psu.edu /mxm669 (128 words)

	Environmental Protection Agency
		Most of the 92 species collected were present at low to moderate densities over the entire range of Sigma DDT sediment concentrations.
		The bivalve Theora lubrica, tubificids, most polychaetes, a tanaid (Zeuxo normani), and an amphipod (G. Japonica), were common, while four other amphipods (Ampelisca abdita, Corophium heteroceratum, Photis brevipes, dulichia rhabdoplastis), a phoronid (Phoronis cf.
		Pallida), a bivalve (Cdryptomya californica), and a cumacean (Eudorella pacifica), were rare or absent from sites with high Sigma DDT sediment-concentrations.
	www.epa.gov /naaujydh/pages/publications/abstracts/archived/ferraro97.htm (252 words)

	Ciliary Feeding Assisted by Suction From the Muscular Oral Hood of Phoronid Larvae -- Strathmann and Bone 193 (2): 153 ...
		Ciliary Feeding Assisted by Suction From the Muscular Oral Hood of Phoronid Larvae -- Strathmann and Bone 193 (2): 153 -- The Biological Bulletin
		Phoronid larvae have an oral hood upstream from a postoral encircling array
		Cilia move water over the hood and between the
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/abstract/193/2/153 (263 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #6532003 - Food-resources and the influence of spatial pattern on feeding in the phoronid Phoronopsis viridis
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		Food-resources and the influence of spatial pattern on feeding in the phoronid Phoronopsis viridis
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=6532003 (116 words)

	A Waterborne Behavioral Cue for the Actinotroch Larva of Phoronis pallida (Phoronida) Produced by Upogebia pugettensis ...
		of phoronid are also noted for their wide geographical distributions
		larvae of other phoronid species (Herrmann, 1979, 1995).
		to maximize the number of phoronids collected was to extract
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/full/207/2/103 (5502 words)

	Definition of - WordReference.com Dictionary
		We found no French translation for 'phoronid' in our English to French Dictionary.
		Look for a definition in our English Dictionary.
		Forum discussions with the word(s) 'phoronid' in the title:
	www.wordreference.com /enfr/phoronid (49 words)

	[No title]
		#NEXUS [ Supplementary file 2 = Datafile for principal analyses in: Cohen, B. L., & Weydmann, A., (2005) Molecular evidence that phoronids are a subtaxon of brachiopods (Brachiopoda: Phoronata nov.) and that genetic divergence of metazoan phyla began before the Early Cambrian.
		Translation of taxon labels (also see Genbank accession numbers and references in Table 1): Longloop = Terebratalia transversa; Shortloop = Terebratulina retusa; Rhynch1 = Eohemithiris grayii; Rhynch2 = Notosaria nigricans; Craniid = Novocrania anomala; Craniid 2 = 18S Neoancistrocrania norfolki + LSU Novocrania cf.
		anatina; Phoronid = SSU Phoronis psammophila + LSU P. vancouverensis; Phoronid 2 = P. hippocrepia; Chiton = SSU Acanthopleura japonica + LSU A. granulatum; Polychaete = SSU Glycera americana + LSU Procerea cornuta; Nemertean = SSU Balionemertes australiensis + LSU Amphiporus sp.; Priapulan = Priapulus caudatus; Crinoid = SSU Metacrinus aff.
	www.senckenberg.de /odes/05-11pt2.txt (2735 words)

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