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Topic: Phoropter

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	S&TR \| October 2003: Eyes Can See Clearly Now
		When we have our eyes checked, we sit in a darkened room, peer through a device called a phoropter, and look at a focusing target, often an eye chart, projected in front of us.
		The current phoropter used to measure vision addresses only the lower-order aberrations, such as defocusing and astigmatism.
		An adaptive optics system measures aberrations with a wavefront sensor and uses a wavefront corrector to compensate for the distortion.
	www.llnl.gov /str/October03/Olivier.html (1127 words)

	Phoropter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A phoropter is an instrument commonly used by optometrists and ophthalmologists during an eye examination to determine an individual's eyeglass prescription.
		Sometimes a retinoscope or an automated refractor is used to provide initial settings for the phoropter.
		The major components of the phoropter are the JCC (Jackson Cross-Cylinder) used for astigmatism correction, Risley prisms to measure phorias and vergences, and the (+), (-), and cylinder lenses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phoropter (182 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		However in the preferred embodiment, the phoropter is arranged in such a way as to determine one or both of the patient's monocular and binocular vision needs by measuring and correcting one or both of the patient's monocular and binocular refractive error.
		The phoropter housing 210 may be connected to a hinged frame assembly 215 that allows an eye- care professional to raise or lower the phoropter housing 210 to place the series of lenses 220, 230 in front of a patient's eyes while the patient is sitting in a seat 205.
		The phoropter 200 also includes a control unit 250 that is an electrical power source connected to the series of lenses 220,230 by a bundle of conductors 255 running through the hinged frame assembly 215 to each of the electro-active lenses within the phoropter housing 210.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=04/72687.040826&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (6813 words)

	Module 3 Section 2
		This involves using the sight on the side of the phoropter to align the corneal apex with a scale mark.
		The patient is refracted in the usual manner with the phoropter.
		If you use the phoropter, and an over-refraction is not practical because the cylinder power and/or axis are significantly different, then the trial frame is used.
	www.eyetec.net /ce/M3S2.htm (1329 words)

	Training the Clinical Staff to Use the Phoropter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Essentially, the phoropter is a device that places on dials all the loose lenses found in a standard trial lens set.
		Each level of phoropter use will be discussed, from the entry-level assistant to the advanced technician, who uses the phoropter to gather patients' refractometry data, assess their binocular status, or evaluate their near vision performance and reading add requirements.
		Front phoropter adjustments align the patient's eyes in the viewing ports and adjust the instrument so the lenses are positioned correctly in front of the patient's eyes.
	www.asoa.org /services/publications/phoropter.html (2621 words)

	Simultaneous vision emulation for fitting of corrective multifocal contact lenses patent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The health care professional then uses the phoropter to introduce into the person's sight path various lenses, or combinations of lenses, to determine the optimal add, sphere and/or cylinder parameters of a corrective lens prescription for the person.
		In this manner, the inaccuracies relating to development of a prescription using a phoropter, which does not operate on a simultaneous vision principle, and the resulting waste of time and money for trial-and-error based prescription tuning can be eliminated.
		Each wheel 100 is rotatably mounted relative to the beam splitter 12 and/or housing 50 for selective positioning of an add lens in the area of the first receptacle 60 such that the light energy of the first component traveling the S optical path will pass through the selected add lens 72.
	www.freshpatents.com /Simultaneous-vision-emulation-for-fitting-of-corrective-multifocal-contact-lenses-dt20041230ptan20040263782.php?type=description (5623 words)

	Newport Laser Vision & Cosmetic Surgery Network -- Newport Beach, California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The vertex distance is the distance between the surface of the eye and the glass lens inside the phoropter (the device that you look through in the eye doctorâs office to determine what strength your glasses should be, or what power needs to be entered into the laser for permanent vision correction).
		Solutions for vertex measurement devised by phoropter manufacturers involve estimation by direct sighting and through 90 degree mirrors located at the side of the phoropter used in conjunction with complicated correction factor tables.
		The common convention of assuming an average phoropter vertex distance of 12-13 mm may lead to over-correction of myopia and under-correction of hyperopia.
	www.drweiss.com /inventions.aspx (1070 words)

	Training the Clinical Staff to Use the Phoropter - Appendix (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		After the learner has had some clinical experience with phoropter use, the proficiency quiz can be administered.
		The aim is to have an individual score 100% on the proficiency quiz, to indicate a thorough understanding of the objectives of phoropter use.
		If the apex of the cornea is positioned at the vertex ruler's settingat the 2 mark nearest the back surface of the phoropteryou would document this as _____ vertex distance.
	www.asoa.org /services/publications/appendix.html (812 words)

	Review of Optometry
		This technology also allows you to assess the tear film, ocular surface and media changes as they occur in the eye—none of which can be measured at the phoropter.
		You might argue that replacing the phoropter with an aberrometer is just pie in the sky because we do not have enough options for correcting higher-order aberrations.
		Still, I believe that reliance on the phoropter will move to the back burner as we become more comfortable and committed to a higher level of refraction, probably within the next five to 10 years.
	www.revoptom.com /index.asp?page=2_1460.htm (739 words)

	The Antique Phoropter by Specs4ever
		It works like a normal phoropter, if someone just wants to have their eyes tested and glasses prescribed if needed, but when someone with a desire to become myopic, or hyperopic sits down in front of this phoropter, it will determine what prescription you desire, and it will give you that prescription.
		When I put the phoropter in front of her eyes, I noticed that it was automatically reducing the strength of the lenses.
		Armed with this knowledge I began to allow the phoropter to lower the prescriptions of any patients with high myopia that expressed an inner desire to reduce the strength of their glasses.
	www.sweb.cz /bobbyGOC/s4e/theantiquephoropter.htm (3934 words)

	Boston University - College of Engineering
		A traditional phoropter consists of a number of different glass lenses, and an ophthalmologist or optometrist relies on a patient to choose between two different choices.
		It is already a fraction of the size of the piezo-stack adaptive optics phoropter that preceded it.
		The final instrument may not look much different than a traditional phoropter, but clinicians and patients will notice that determining the needed correction is quicker and requires less effort.
	www.bu.edu /eng/magazine/spring2004/articles/vision_science.shtml (752 words)

	Refraction test
		You sit in a chair that has a special device (phoropter or refractor) attached to it and look through the phoropter at an eye chart approximately 20 feet away.
		The phoropter contains lenses of different strengths that can be moved into view.
		The eye doctor will ask if the chart appears more or less clear with the lenses that are in place.
	www.rwjobgyn.com /Atoz/encyclopedia/article/003844.asp (536 words)

	Contact Lens Spectrum
		BY THOMAS G. We generally view the phoropter as a device of convenience.
		Rotate the cylinder in the phoropter and ask the patient to report when the letters on the chart begin to blur.
		The phoropter can provide great assistance when the toric contact lens wearer complains of consistently blurred vision.
	www.clspectrum.com /article.aspx?article=12762 (545 words)

	Amy
		Placing the phoropter back in front of her eyes, the doctor used a small slide beam which was attached to the phoropter at right angles and hung the close read snell chart on a card, about 16 inches in front of Amy.
		Using the old prescription, she couldn't read either the distance or close in charts.” Again, the relentless clicking of the phoropter as the lenses were increased, the final test of course was for intermediate vision because Joan had really lost most of her accommodation.
		The doctor moved the phoropter back in front of Amy and move the small chart to about 10 inches in front of her eyes.
	www.geocities.com /likeglass55/amy.html (4914 words)

	Topcon Australia Pty Ltd - Medical products
		Automatic closing of tabletop when phoropter use is required.
		Automatic closing of phoropter arm when instrument use 1,2,3 is required.
		The phoropter arm can handle by the use of an adaptor divers models of phoropters.
	www.topcon.com.au /medical/furniture/opthalmic_units/1s_750_parallel.htm (231 words)

	visioncareproducts.com / September 2000 / Topcon's New CV2500 Automated Phoropter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The patient's visual acuity can be checked with their glasses or the CV2500 phoropter can be placed in front of the patient.
		One feature of this unit is its ability to compare the old and new refraction with the press of a button.
		Trying to click this into the phoropter or even pushing the phoropter away from the patient and having him or her slip on their glasses allows too much time to lapse.
	www.visioncareproducts.com /01/cv2500.html (811 words)

	The Egg Factory :: Hunt for Golden Egg :: 07/14/03
		The advanced "phoropter" will measure the focusing quality of a person's eyes and also find abnormalities currently undetected.
		Blum and a subsidiary of his Roanoke company, the Egg Factory, are involved in the development of a sophisticated new "phoropter," or eye - exam instrument, that will incorporate technologies patented by the Egg Factory and e-Vision, its subsidiary.
		In addition, it will immediately offer the patient an experience of how his or her vision could improve with correction provided by advanced spectacle lenses, contact lenses or surgeries.
	www.eggfactory.com /egg_na_100803.htm (532 words)

	Phoropter - Ophthalmic Equipment and instruments for the professional of today.
		The phoropter is an instrument commonly used by optometrists and ophthalmologists during an eye examination to determine an individual's eyeglass prescription.
		Typically, the patient sits behind the phoropter, and looks through it at an eye chart.
		The Phoropter can also measure phorias (natural resting position of the eyes), accommodative amplitudes, accommodative leads/lags, accommodative posture, horizontal and vertical vergences, and more.
	www.optivision2020.com /phoropter.html (223 words)

	Static Retinoscopy
		The retinoscopy lens in the AO style phoropter is +1.50D.
		Using a "working lens" in place during retinoscopy will save the trouble of subtracting the dioptric value of the working distance, but may result in increased reflections, absorption, and aberrations.
		Remove the working lens by removing 1.50 or 2.00D of plus power from the phoropter or remove the built in retinoscopy lens.
	www.nova.edu /hpd/otm/nbeo/statret.html (524 words)

	PRIO - On-Line Discussion Forum
		If the patient has been screened for a computer vision exam prior to arrival, it is useful for them to provide a measurement of their working distance taken from their actual computer workstation.
		Rather, it is the add power necessary to minimize the patient’s ongoing accommodative work while using a computer.
		The power in the phoropter at this point is the patient’s PRIO Rx.
	www.prio.com /message/viewmessages.cfm?Forum=20&Topic=85 (586 words)

	Phoropter Stock Photo Images. 27 Phoropter pictures and photos available to download from over 50 stock photography ...
		27 Phoropter pictures and photos available to download from over 50 stock photography vendors.
		Young woman looking through phoropter during eye exam,...
		Phoropter, used for Eye Examination to determine amount of...
	www.fotosearch.com /photos-images/phoropter.html (158 words)

	Module 6 Section 3
		Since we are using a minus-cylinder phoropter, we will line up our cylinder axis perpendicular to the orientation of the streak.
		There is one extra step as compared to retinoscopy with a plus-cylinder phoropter, we must add.50 D of plus sphere power for each.50 D of minus-cylinder power that we add.
		When performing retinoscopy with a plus-cylinder phoropter, we do not have to transpose during the cylinder power neutralization step.
	www.eyetec.net /group2/M6S3.htm (1242 words)

	Which is Better?
		On a manual phoropter, you’re flipping endlessly back and forth to determine cylinder, axis and power.
		When we perform a refraction with a phoropter, we are doing more than gathering data.
		To date, there is insufficient research to support the belief that automation-assisted refractors provide as good a refraction as an optometrist with a phoropter.
	www.revoptom.com /archive/features/ro0301f5.htm (1955 words)

	Dr. S. Katims, O.D. - 516-767-2106 (Examining Instruments)
		The phoropter is an instrument used for holding lenses in front of the eyes of the subject.
		The test takes only a few seconds and provides a starting point for subjective testing (with the phoropter) when no other information is available.
		The perimeter is an instrument used for plotting a map of peripheral vision.
	www.katims.com /instruments.html (543 words)

	VisionCareForums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Perhaps you should not be using this instrament if you have these questions.
		3) +/-0.50 lens on the phoropter is used for testing the fused cross cylinder (which is testing the patients accuracy of their accomodation system)
		But that is not their use in a phoropter.
	www.visioncareforums.com /showsubject.asp?MessageID=3428&siteid=om (182 words)

	Family Eyecare Of Roswell
		A phoropter is an instrument that allows the doctor to accurately determine a patient’s needed prescription for glasses or contact lenses.
		As lenses of the phoropter are dialed in, a patient is asked to respond which lenses yield clearer vision.
		An auto-refractor is a computerized instrument which estimates the needed prescription power of the lenses.
	www.familyeyecareofroswell.com /html/technology.html (286 words)

	(WO 2004/072687) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CORRECTING VISION USING AN ELECTRO-ACTIVE PHOROPTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		(57) An electro-active phoropter and a method of using the electro-active phoropter to measure a patient’s vision prescription is disclosed.
		Each lens provides an optical power that is part of a net optical power of the series of lenses when a patient views through the phoropter.
		The optical power of the phoropter can be incrementally adjusted by changing the distribution of the electrical potential across the different lenses of the series to provide increasing or decreasing optical power until a patient achieves a desired level of clarity and a vision prescription has been determined.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=04/72687.040826 (266 words)

	Eye examination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		An instrument called a phoropter, which the patient sits behind, is generally used (sometimes the refraction can be done with a trial frame that the patient wears).
		The phoropter is equipped with many lenses that allow the examiner to test many combinations of corrections to learn which correction allows the patient to see the eye chart most clearly.
		This is the part of the exam when the doctor usually says, "Which is better, one or two?" The phoropter also contains prisms, and sometimes the doctor will intentionally make the patient see double.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/eye_examination.jsp (2727 words)

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