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Topic: Photolysis

	Stability Of Drugs:Photolysis - Pharmpedia
		The activated species then returns to ground state by either (a) emitting light of a different frequency (this is fluorescene or phosphorescene) or (b) decomposition (Photolysis).
		An excellent example for photolysis is the photolysis is the photo degradation of sodium nitroprusside in aqueous solution.
		Photolysis is prevented by suitable packing in amber coloured bottles, cardboard outers and in aluminium foil over wraps and blisters.
	www.pharmpedia.com /Stability_Of_Drugs:Photolysis (383 words)

	LP920 - Laser Flash Photolysis Spectrometer
		The LP920 is a fully computer controlled turn-key laser flash photolysis spectrometer.
		Designed for optimised studies of laser induced transient absorption and emission, the LP920 sets the standard for technical performance in laser flash photolysis.
		Details of these accessories can be found here.
	www.edinst.com /lp920.htm (566 words)

	Laser Flash Photolysis
		Laser flash photolysis, combined with laser induced fluorescence (LIF) or other detection techniques, is a complementary technique to discharge flow for the study of such elementary reactions.
		Analysis of these decay traces provides an estimate of the rate coefficient of the reaction.
		Alternative detection techniques such as resonance fluorescence, infrared or UV chemiluminescence can be coupled to the flash photolysis system to make this a very flexible apparatus.
	www.chem.leeds.ac.uk /research/node4.html (314 words)

	Photolysis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Applied Photophysics Manufacturer of high performance stopped-flow, laser flash photolysis and circular dichroism instrumentation.
		Institute of Laser Medicine Details about the use of the photolysis HR for hair removal at UCLA Medical Plaza.
		Edinburgh Instruments Ltd Manufacturers of steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectrometers using single photon counting and time correlated single photon counting techniques.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Photolysis.html (118 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Photodissociation
		Photodissociation (or photolysis) is a chemical reaction in which a chemical compound is broken down by photons.
		Photolysis also occurs in the atmosphere as part of a series of reactions by which primary pollutants such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react to form secondary pollutants such as peroxyacyl nitrates.
		In addition, photolysis is the process by which CFCs are broken down in the upper atmosphere to form ozone-destroying chlorine free radicals.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Photolysis (548 words)

	Photolysis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Photolysis is a part of photosynthesis, which occurs in the granum of the chloroplast.
		In photolysis the light absorbed by the chlorophyll is turned into chemical energy which used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
		The oxygen is released as a byproduct while the hydrogen binds with the coenzyme NADP to form NADPH.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/p/ph/photolysis.html (77 words)

	Photolysis Rates
		Methylvinylketone, assumed to contribute 50% to the photolysis of MACR.
		Assumed to contribute 50% to the photolysis of MACR.
		Methylvinylketone and methacrolein photolysis is quite slow and reaction with OH is the dominant reaction pathway in the atmosphere (approximately 6% of the loss of MACR in the standard run proceeds via photolysis).
	www.mpch-mainz.mpg.de /~kuhlmann/rvkdisshtml/node20.html (638 words)

	Limnology and Oceanography Abstracts
		Apparent quantum yields and rates of dimethylsulfide (DMS) photolysis were determined from Sargasso Sea seawater with the goal of assessing the extent to which photoreactions affect the unusually elevated upper ocean concentrations of DMS during the summer, the so-called DMS summer paradox.
		The significance of DMS photolysis to upper ocean sulfur budgets is explored using a multiyear (1992— 1994) DMS time series, concurrent irradiance determinations and temperature profiles, and estimates of CDOM absorption.
		These results demonstrate that although photolysis is not the primary driver of the summer paradox, it makes an important contribution to the time—depth pattern of DMS concentrations observed in the Sargasso Sea.
	www.aslo.org /lo/toc/vol_48/issue_3/1088.html (262 words)

	OhioLINK ETD: KLIMA, RODNEY
		Intermolecular sensitized photolysis of benzyl azide led to N-methyleneaniline as the major photoproduct with acetophenone as the triplet sensitizer.
		Intramolecular triplet sensitized photolysis of 3-azido-4,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpentan-1-one yielded 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-diphenyl-propan-1-one, 4,4-Dimethyl-3,5-diphenyl-isoxazolidine and 2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-{[1-phenyl-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-amino}-propan-1-one as the major photoproducts under ambient photolysis conditions.
		Photolysis in an argon matrix appears to yield the triplet alkyl nitrene.
	www.ohiolink.edu /etd/view.cgi?ucin1100710601 (349 words)

	Applied Photophysics : LKS.60 Nanosecond Laser Photolysis Spectrometer
		The Laser Flash Photolysis technique provides one of the most effective methods for studying, by direct measurement, the reactions of transient species such as radicals, excited states or ions, in chemical and biological systems.
		Laser flash photolysis has been used increasingly in the area of bioinorganic reaction mechanisms, for example, studies on electron transport in cytochromes or ligand binding by haem containing proteins.
		More exotic applications involving the Laser Flash Photolysis technique have recently included studies on the conformational changes of functional proteins that occur during the course of their activity.
	www.photophysics.com /lks60.php (216 words)

	EyeNet Magazine Online \| April 2001 \| Cataract (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Dodick PhotoLysis surgical system–named for its inventor, Jack M. Dodick, MD, chief of ophthalmology at Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital–produces little or no thermal energy, thus avoiding the corneal and scleral burns that are a concern with phacoemulsification.
		In the photolysis system, pulsed Nd: YAG laser energy is transferred to the laser probe via a quartz fiberoptic.
		For now, photolysis is limited to patients with widely dilating pupils, no other comorbidities and cataracts with approximately 2+ nuclear sclerosis.
	www.aao.org /aao/news/eyenet/archive/04_01/cataract.html (890 words)

	Fast-J Paper (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Photolysis rates in the troposphere are greatly affected by the presence of cloud and aerosol layers.
		This study presents a flexible and accurate photolysis scheme, Fast-J, which calculates photolysis rates in the presence of an arbitrary mix of cloud and aerosol layers.
		The impact of Fast-J on tropospheric ozone chemistry is demonstrated with the UCI tropospheric CTM.
	www.atm.ch.cam.ac.uk /~oliver/papers/fastj_abs.html (197 words)

	Research Abstract: 2000-12-08 Review and Improvement of Methods for Estimating Rates of Photolysis in Photochemical ...
		Photolysis of species such as NO2 and formaldehyde influence significantly the formation of photochemical air pollution.
		Improved description of spatial and temporal variations in photolysis rates is needed, and improving the description of ultraviolet light intensity is key to improving urban and regional air quality models in this respect.
		The total ozone column (mostly stratospheric ozone) influences photolysis reactions that occur mainly at wavelengths below 300 nm (e.g., ozone and formaldehyde photolysis), but is of negligible influence for reactions that occur over a broad range of UV wavelengths (e.g., NO2).
	www.arb.ca.gov /research/abstracts/96-335.htm (354 words)

	Research project Tryptophan-mediated photolysis of disulfide bonds in protein ...
		Tryptophan-mediated photolysis of disulfide bonds in proteins and peptides.
		Recently we presented evidence of Trp-mediated photolysis of disulfide bonds within goat alpha-lactabumin (GLA) upon irradia- tion of the protein at 280 or 295 nm.
		(b) The impact of the factors that govern Trp-mediated photolysis by near-UV light will be studied in photolysis experiments with synthetic, cyclic peptides containing a single Trp residue and one disulfide bridge which closes the circle.
	www.kuleuven.ac.be /research/researchdatabase/project/3E03/3E030430.htm (147 words)

	[No title]
		Flash photolysis is a relaxation method for the investigation of the mechanism of rapid photochemical reactions.
		The application of flash photolysis in the study of triplet states of organic substances in solutions is considered.
		The mechanisms and the kinetics of the deactivation of triplet states, the quenching mechanisms, and the role of the triplet state in photochemical reactions have been discussed.
	www.turpion.org /php/paper.phtml?journal_id=rc&paper_id=2050 (159 words)

	High-Pressure On-Line Photolysis with NMR Detection (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The investigation of the photoreversible fulgide Aberchrome-540 as a function of pressure and temperaturewith the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection is described.
		This technique demonstrates thenovel combination of high-pressure NMR and laser photolysis with the use of fiber optics for theconversion of the fulgide on-line in the instrument.
		Investigation of the photolysis of Aberchrome-540 to2.0 kbar and 120 degrees C is reported.
	www.s-a-s.org /journal/96/asv50n6/ASv50n6_sp11.html (109 words)

	Quantum yields of O(1D) in the ozone photolysis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		D) production in the photolysis of ozone in the ultraviolet region as a function of wavelength and temperature is a key input for modeling calculations in the atmospheric chemistry.
		Since the authors of this paper are the principal investigators of the groups which have provided the most of the recent experimental data for the O(quantum yields, the basic assumptions made by each group, the input parameters used in obtaining the quantum yields, and possible sources of systematic errors are well examined.
		Fitting expression for the recommendation values of the O(D) in the photolysis of ozone as a function of temperature and photolysis wavelength.
	www.sparc.sunysb.edu /html/QY_O1D/index.html (490 words)

	Pion abstract (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Slow stages of the photolysis of visual pigments play a crucial role in the process of recovery of photoreceptor sensitivity (dark adaptation) after bleaching.
		The aim of the present work was to study the late stages of photolysis of visual pigments in intact cones and rods.
		We found that the basic products of photolysis of the cone visual pigment are similar to those of rod porphyropsin but decay substantially faster.
	www.perceptionweb.com /ecvp05/0063.html (345 words)

	Photolysis-induced suppression of inhibition in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons -- Wang and Zucker 533 (3): 757 ...
		Whole cell patch clamp recording, Ca measurement with ratiometric fluorescent dyes and photolysis of caged Ca were combined to investigate the depolarization- and photolysis-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI and PSI) in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells.
		An additional complication is that the ability to fill cells by perfusion from a patch pipette is variable, and we suspected that the actual concentration of NPE achieved was not the same in all experiments.
		elevation in response to depolarization and that in response to photolysis.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/533/3/757 (4017 words)

	Chapter 5 Section 3
		The photolysis rate generally depends upon the absorption cross-section of ozone and the number of incident photons at the necessary wavelengths.
		So at a given altitude, we expect photolysis rates to have maximum values during summer when the path length is shorter and minimum values during winter when the path length is longer.
		Since we've already seen that photolysis is dependent upon a number of variables (altitude, latitude, season, and time of day) and that chemical reactions are dependent upon temperature and the amount of available reactants, the lifetimes of molecules are also going to vary with changes in any of these quantities.
	www.ccpo.odu.edu /SEES/ozone/class/Chap_5/5_3.htm (2434 words)

	Dodick Laser PhotoLysis System - Hunkeler Eye Institute, PA - Cataract Surgery, LASIK
		Laser cataract surgery, also called "photolysis" or "laser-phaco", breaks up the cataract with laser energy and the shock waves.
		The PhotoLysis System generates ultra-short pulses that are delivered through an optical fiber into a specially designed tip.
		With the PhotoLysis System, cataracts can be removed through two extremely small incisions - nearly half the size used for traditional phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
	www.hunkeler.com /index.cfm/technology/dodicklaser (293 words)

	Infotrieve Online
		Several important photolytic behaviors of NDMA photolysis regarding the roles of dissolved oxygen and solution pH were newly observed, and novel photolytic mechanisms were proposed based on these observations.
		This photooxidation mechanism was supported by the detection of superoxide radicals during the photolysis of NDMA under O2 saturation.
		Second, the dependence of the quantum yield of NDMA photolysis and the yields of the known photolysis products (methylamine, dimethylamine, nitrite, and nitrate) on the solution pH were different under O2 and N2 saturation.
	www4.infotrieve.com /newmedline/detail.asp?NameID=16475355&Session=&searchQuery=Choi&count=17696 (261 words)

	Absorption Spectra arising from the Photolysis of Lead Tetramethyl
		The satellite band at 3096 A. is also characterized by a central strong line-like feature and this also could be attributed to a Q head.
		There is no doubt that the bands 3196 A. and 3096 A. are related, since they disappear with the same life-time, which does not appear to exceed the duration of the photolysis flash.
		1 is a microphotometer trace, which compares the spectra obtained in the photolysis of deuterated and undeuterated lead tetramethyl with the continuum produced by the source flash.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v179/n4572/abs/1791240b0.html (228 words)

	Photolysis of Postsynaptic Caged Ca2+ Can Potentiate and Depress Mossy Fiber Synaptic Responses in Rat Hippocampal CA3 ...
		photolysis and fluorescence excitation beams with a 400-nm dichroic
		A: photolysis had no effect on MF responses in 7 of 8 experiments inhibiting phosphatase 1/2A with calyculin A (1 µm) or phosphatase 2B with cyclosporin A (200 µm).
		Untreated cells in which photolysis induced long-lasting depression were also unaffected by photolysis (open bars, same data as filled bars in Fig.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/91/4/1596 (6823 words)

	Amazon.com: photolysis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Photolysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans dissolved in vegetable oils: influence of oil quality by P. Isosaari, O. Laine, T. Tuhkanen, and T. Vartiainen (Mar 20, 2005)
		Photolysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] needles under sunlight irradiation by J. Niu, J. Chen, D. Martens, and X. Quan (May 2003)
		Direct VUV photolysis of chlorinated methanes and their mixtures in an oxygen stream using an ozone producing low-pressure mercury vapour lamp by T. Alapi and A. Dombi (Jan 2007)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=photolysis&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (437 words)

	Wavelength-dependence of the photolysis of diiodomethane in seawater
		Wavelength-dependence of the photolysis of diiodomethane in seawater
		The wavelength-dependence of CH photolysis was studied in the laboratory using natural seawater.
		In seawater, calculated CH photolysis rates decrease quickly with depth, with 90% attenuation occurring in the top 10–25 m depending on the water clarity.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2006/2005GL025424.shtml (282 words)

	[16.10] Energetic Processing of Solar-System/Interstellar Ice Analogs: UV Photolysis vs. Ion Bombardment (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The two most important energetic processes thought to drive interstellar and Solar-System ice chemistry (apart from purely thermal effects) are ultraviolet (UV) photolysis and exposure to cosmic rays.
		In the vast majority of the literature it has been assumed that both photolysis and cosmic-ray bombardment drive similar chemical reactions in icy materials, but no quantitative comparisons of UV- and ion-driven chemistries have ever been published.
		The cosmic-ice laboratory at NASA/GSFC is now capable of performing both UV photolysis and proton bombardment in the same experimental set-up, with samples created under the same conditions.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v31n4/dps99/379.htm (227 words)

	OH formation by HONO photolysis during the BERLIOZ experiment
		The photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO) in the early morning hours is an important source of OH radicals, the most important daytime oxidizing species.
		Although the importance of this mechanism has been recognized for many years, no accurate quantification of this OH source is available, and the role of HONO photolysis is often underestimated.
		HONO concentrations, formation rates, and simultaneously measured HONO photolysis frequencies are used to calculate the total amount of OH formed by HONO photolysis during a full diurnal cycle.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2003/2001JD000579.shtml (292 words)

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