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Topic: Photophore

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	Cephalopod Photophore Terminology
		The latter complex photophores are often able to actively adjust the color, intensity and angular distribution of the light they produce.
		Photophores of most neritic cephalopods, in contrast, have extrinsic luminescence with the light produced by bacteria that are cultured in specialized light organs of the host cephalopod.
		Chromatophores - Pigment cells that absorb light leaving the photophore in undesirable directions or that shield the reflectors of the photophore, when the photophore is not active, from reflecting external light that could reveal the presence of the cephalopod.
	tolweb.org /accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology?acc_id=2015 (665 words)

	Homogeneous specific binding assay employing an intramolecularly modulated photogenic enzyme substrate label - Patent ...
		Photophore P preferably is a fluorescer, and modulator M, preferably a quencher for the fluorescence of P. In such a case, the excitation means is light of a predetermined first wavelength with fluorescer P emitting light at a second, longer, wavelength.
		In the present invention, the photophore is cleaved from the binding component and in the labeled conjugate any native modulating character of the binding component is masked by the presence of the modulator.
		The principal catagories of the photophore are fluorescers and chemiluminescers.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4318981.html (6813 words)

	Photophore - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A photophore is a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine animals, including fishes and cephalopods.
		The light can be produced from compounds during the digestion of prey, from specialized mitochondrial cells in the organism, called photocytes ("light producing" cells) from the nomenclature of ichthyology, or, similarly, associated with symbiotic bacteria in the organism that is cultured.
		The character of photophores is important in the identification of benthic fishes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Photophore (163 words)

	Dictionary of Ichthyology
		macula supraorbitalis = the photophore on the posterodorsal border of the orbit in Myctophidae.
		maculae anales posteriores = a row of photophores along the base of the anal fin and lower side of the caudal peduncle (not including the Prc's at the base of the caudal fin) in Myctophidae, the AOp is mostly on the caudal peduncle.
		maculae operculares = photophores on the gill cover, one near the anterior base of the preopercle, one in front of the anterior part of the subopercle, and one antero-dorsally to the operculum.
	www.briancoad.com /Dictionary/M.htm (16396 words)

	Histioteuthidae: Photophore Patterns
		Species with more photophores series on the arms (4 species) have much more variable patterns and the differences between individual and interspecific (or higher) variation has yet to be unraveled.
		Species with photophores of mixed sizes (3 species) pose problems of which photophores to include in the patterns; these problem remain to be solved.
		The third row of photophores (not hightlighted) appears to have 11 photophores in each species but the identification of photophores as belonging to a row is becoming more difficult.
	tolweb.org /notes/?note_id=1180 (1319 words)

	Cuticular Photophores of Two Decapod Crustaceans, Oplophorus spinosus and Systellaspis debilis -- Nowel et al. 195 (3): ...
		Photophores located on the pleopods are compound structures comprising many
		photophores are connected to a ligament that has its origin in the
		photophores is quite different, and depends upon muscular contraction.
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/abstract/195/3/290 (256 words)

	e-Prints Soton - Red bioluminescence in fishes: on the suborbital photophores of Malacosteus, Pachystomias and ...
		Fluorescence measurements from the intact suborbital photophores, and from their exposed cores, confirm the previous hypothesis that the red light emitted by Malacosteus is spectrally altered by a superficial shortwave cutoff brown filter.
		Studies of the anatomy of the photophores show that the suborbital photophore of Malacosteus is similar in general organisation to other photophores, including the postorbital photophore.
		The red-emitting photophores of Pachystomias and Aristostomias, however, have a unique organisation, in which the bulk of the photophore comprises a gland that lies outside the thick reflector.
	eprints.soton.ac.uk /19298 (286 words)

	IngentaConnect Observations on the cuticular photophores of the sergestid shrimp... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		IngentaConnect Observations on the cuticular photophores of the sergestid shrimp...
		Observations on the cuticular photophores of the sergestid shrimp Sergia grandis (Sund, 1920)
		The structure and ultrastructure of cuticular photophores in the antennal scale and the limbs of Sergia grandis (Sund, 1920) are described.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/brill/cr/2002/00000075/F0020003/art00028?token=00671f64ad4487985a1e9593f582f206d3f6a4b4b6e6e42576b39272c5f7b3d6d383a4b3b257b507b6c7a416a437c40675d3334 (389 words)

	Chtenopteryx
		At present species are separated by (1) the maximum number of sucker series on the arms and tentacular clubs, (2) the presence/absence of photophores, (3) the size of the visceral photophore and (4) the mantle width relative to the ML.
		The visceral photophore present in some species is constructed somewhat like a car headlight with double reflectors.
		This behavior is consistent with counterillumination (concealment via matching the downwelling light with bioluminescence) but the animal, in a horizontal attitude, did not conceal itself effectively as the head and posterior third of the body were relatively dark.
	www.tolweb.org /Chtenopterygidae (898 words)

	"Eltamir" photophore - L'Atelier Vert - - Everything French Gardening® (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Hand-made by one of Paris' most exciting young creators in paper, the "Eltamir" photophore adds soft luminescence to side-table, bedside, or mantle.
		It and its companion, our "Dénes" photophore, are also lovely incorporated into spring table centerpieces.
		The photophore consists of a paper sleeve that fits over a refillable candle-glass within (glass and small candle included).
	www.frenchgardening.com /item.tmpl?SKU=ACCA2 (126 words)

	[No title]
		Arms II greatly elongate in males and carrying a series of regularly spaced photophores on aboral surface.
		Photophore patterns of males have not been completely described.
		In 1903 he placed this species in Pfeffer''s genus Lycoteuthis but later erected the genus Thaumatolampas (1903) for his species based on the photophores which had not been described by Pfeffer but were later (Pfeffer, 1912) shown to be identical with those of Chun''s species.
	ag.arizona.edu /ENTO/tree/eukaryotes/animals/mollusca/cephalopoda/coleoidea/decapodiformes/enoploteuthid_families/lycoteuthidae/lycoteuthis/Lycoteuthis (655 words)

	Bioluminescence:::Amy Carlson:::Dragonfish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The dragonfish's luring photophore is attached at the tip of a rod that dangles from its chin.
		A pair of photophores just behind the eye gives off blue-green light just like and other fish.
		The red light is produced by a red filter that is over a normal photophore.
	people.cornellcollege.edu /a-carlson/geo105/dragonfish.htm (248 words)

	FishBase Glossary Searched Term (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		An organ which emits light; the pattern of photophores is an important character in the identification of deepsea fishes.
		Light may be produced from compounds produced by the fish itself or from prey it has ingested, or by symbiotic bacteria.
		The organ may be simple or variously equipped with reflectors, lenses, shutters, etc., e.g.
	www.fishbase.org /LarvalBase/Glossary/Glossary.cfm?TermEnglish=photophore (97 words)

	Aquarium of the Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		While the light is produced constantly, the fish turn the light “on and off” by raising and lowering a membrane (similar to an eyelid), that veils the photophore.
		Predators are confused by the use of a “blink and run” strategy, in which the fish rapidly swim in one direction with their lights “on”, then switch directions and swim with the lights “off”.- somewhat like turning a flashlight on and off.
		The bioluminescent photophores contain billions of symbiotic light-emitting bacteria, that produce a bright, lime-green light by generating chemicals similar to those used in commercially produced light-sticks.
	www.aquariumofpacific.org /ANIMAL_DATABASE/ADBprint.asp?id=76 (531 words)

	- Grace à la technique " Tiffany " toutes ...
		Photophore ou plat vide-poche 12 / 12 cm et 8 cm de haut
		Photophore carré de 7/7 cm et 9 cm de haut
		Photophore gothique 8 cm / 8 cm et 13 cm de haut
	arttiffany.skynetblogs.be (520 words)

	Heteroteuthis
		They are capable of producing brilliant luminescence from their bacterial photophore or secreting luminescent clouds, in a variety of forms, from it.
		Their large visceral photophore is seen in the left photograph below with the mantle cut open; a closer view is seen to the immediate right.
		The two large pores on the photophore surface enable the luminescent material to be extruded.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Heteroteuthis&contgroup=Sepiolidae (1249 words)

	UHH FB14 Forschungsseminar 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The photophores (Leuchtorgane) of Meganyctiphanes norvegica and Euphausia superba are known since long, however their function in the life of the species has remained mysterious.
		When observing the flash, a shrimp starts a fast forward dash and simultanously rolls aroung the body long axis to present the beaming photophores to the site where the flash was coming from.
		It was detected in a large number of believed nerve endings in the center of the photophore, and the ganglia of photophore bearing segments contain additional serotonergic neuron somata.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /fose02/fregin.htm (337 words)

	photophore rose en calque - Tête à modeler
		Pour les plus jeunes découpez le photophore en calque, à partir de 4 ans il peut le faire seul, mais vous pouvez encore l'aider s'il le demande.
		Imprimez le modèle de photophore sur une feuille de papier calque, cliquez sur l'image miniature.
		Placez une bougie chauffe plat à l'intérieur et allumez le photophore.
	www.teteamodeler.com /boiteaoutils/creativite/fiche225.asp (273 words)

	Sea and Sky: Deep Sea Dragonfish
		This barbel is tipped with a light-producing organ known as a photophore.
		The dragonfish uses this organ like a fishing lure, flashing it on and off and waving it back and forth.
		The dragonfish also has photophores along the sides of its body.
	www.seasky.org /Monsters/sea7a1h.html (155 words)

	Fiche créative - Photophore style mosaïque
		Le photophore est de toutes les saisons; en été, il illumine votre table de jardin quand vient la nuit et en hiver, il réchauffe l'atmosphère et évoque Noël.
		Pour l'exemple de cette fiche créative, le photophore choisi figure au catalogue de la boutique Creaclic.
		Pour une bonne tenue de la peinture et un résultat optimal, il est très important de bien nettoyer le photophore.
	www.creaclic.ch /fichescreatives/fiches2002_2003/FCphotophore.php (471 words)

	Comparatif Photophore - LeGuide.com
		Le photophore en verre transparent Ambiance tamisée avec ce photophore en verre transparent (ép.
		Cuisine&Co Les 6 photophores colorés Tamisée à la lueur de ces photophores aux couleurs lumineuses, l'atmosphère des petits dîners sur la terrasse et des fêtes entre amis...
		Le photophore sur pied Une idée lumineuse qui égayera vos soirées d'été...
	www.leguide.com /sb/ri_5050704_0_0.htm (433 words)

	Lanternes marocaines lanterne marocaine appliques fer forge Maroc applique Fer forgé
		Distribution en Isere d'appliques, de photophores et de lanternes marocaines, éclairages en fer forgé sous forme de lanterne marocaine, d'applique ou de photophore marocaine.
		Lanternes marocaines, photophores, lanterne marocaine, photophore, appliques fer forge.
		Maroc, applique Fer forgé, Lanternes, Marocaines, Photophores, Lanterne, Marocaine, Photophore, Appliques, Fer Forge, maroc, Applique, fer Forgé.
	www.lamaisonandalouse.fr /luminaire.htm (224 words)

	DECORUM ALICIA - Création d'un photophore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Nettoyez minutieusement le photophore en verre avec de l’alcool à 90° afin de dégraisser le support.
		Pour la réalisation de la base verte de votre photophore, mélangez de façon homogène dans une coupelle, la valeur d’une noisette de peinture Slick jaune, Matte menthe verte et Crystal jaune soleil.
		Achevez votre création par une ligne de perles de peinture en alternant du vert menthe et du jaune soleil sur le haut du photophore.
	www.e-monsite.com /alicia/rubrique-1015088.html (687 words)

	Verrines & photophores, Senteurs & bougies - ZenAvenue.com
		Set de 3 photophores "a star is born" (rouge...
		Set de 6 photophores sur pied Faro, verre tr...
		Set de 3 photophores "a star is born" (viole...
	www.zenavenue.com /categorie.php?type_produit_id=231 (127 words)

	Histioteuthis macrohista
		Compound photophores of large, uniform size on anterior half of ventral mantle.
		bonnellii by the presence of 7, rather than 6, supports in the buccal crown, 16 rather than 17 photophores on the right eyelid (numbers rarely overlap) and the presence of 2 rather than 3 conspicuous, dark, round photophores on the posteroventral margin of the head on the left side.
		Terminal photophores never develop on arms IV but do develop on these arms in large individuals of H.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Histioteuthis_macrohista&contgroup=Histioteuthidae (915 words)

	[No title]
		The photograph shows the visceral photophore that is constructed somewhat like a headlight on a car with double reflectors.
		The silver central reflector in the photo reflects bioluminescent light back into the photophore and onto the larger basal reflector which directs the light out of the photophore.
		The red tissue behind the photophore is the digestive gland.
	ag.arizona.edu /tree/eukaryotes/animals/mollusca/cephalopoda/coleoidea/decapodiformes/bathyteuthid_families/chtenopterygidae/Chtenopterygidae (736 words)

	Biscuits et photophore vitraux - * Hoolistique *
		Pour un photophore, il suffit de diviser la recette ci-dessus par deux, mais je vous conseille de faire un ou deux pans "de secours".
		Attendre que le caramel soit dur pour bouger le photophore.
		Et voilà, un photophore comestible pour décorer la table...Très beau de nuit avec ses facades à quatre couleurs que la photo n'arrive pas à rendre..
	hooly.over-blog.com /article-1271279.html (719 words)

	Shedd Aquarium
		Flashlightfish have a symbiotic relationship with glowing bacteria, which means that they need each other to survive.
		The fluorescent bluish-green glow under a flashlightfish’s eye comes from billions of bioluminescent or glowing bacteria that live under the fish’s skin in a bean-shaped photophore or light organ.
		They catch the flashlightfish and remove the photophore, using it as a fishing lure to attract fish.
	www.sheddaquarium.org /SEA/fact_sheets_print.cfm?id=99 (874 words)

	Histioteuthis berryi: Photophore Pictures
		berryi and show the basic photophore groups, from different views, with superimposed lines and dots to emphasize the photophore groups.
		The superimposed lines are formed by first placing white dots over the pigmented, photogenic cups of all photophore in a particular group.
		On the left, a white arrow points to a small aberrant photophore that is missing in most specimens.
	tolweb.org /notes/?note_id=1199 (333 words)

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