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Topic: Phototypesetting

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	Phototypesetting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phototypesetting dates back to the 1940s, and it became popular in the early 1970s, when it replaced metal typesetting, with the growing popularity of offset lithography.
		Since most early phototypesetting machines could only create one column of type, long galleys of type were pasted onto layout boards in order to create a full page of text for magazines and newsletters.
		Phototypesetting was later superseded by imagesetters and laser printers.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phototypesetting (621 words)

	Method and apparatus for phototypesetting - Patent 4038493
		The copy which is to be phototypeset is inputted into the apparatus via punched paper tape, magnetic tape, or direct computer link, which, in addition to its information content, selects the style, case, size, position (both vertically and horizontally) and slant of letters, if desired, of the type to be phototypeset.
		Thus, the user of the phototypesetting apparatus is faced with the option of acquiring and storing individualized digital instructions for the specialized character compatible with the compacting processor used or to insert manually each specialized character on the developed phototypeset copy.
		In the phototypeset mode, upon selecting the logo comprising the composite character of logos 2A and 2B, the central portion G' would be reproduced in fulltone at the normal phototypesetting operation.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4038493.html (9141 words)

	Adrian Frutiger - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kach was a calligrapher, and thought because punch cutters used a grid their forms were too harsh and technical.
		Phototypesetting machines replaced metal typesetting in the 1940s to the 1970s, and used a beam of light to expose film.
		His career spans the eras of hot metal, phototypesetting, and digital typesetting.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adrian_Frutiger (1810 words)

	Lithography - Phototyepsetting
		Phototypesetting is a method of photographically producing top-quality text and display typography on paper or film bases to be used in the preparation of camera copy for artwork, display matter, and text matter in the method generally known as "cold-type" procedure.
		Phototypesetting machines which perform in the cycles of the hot-metal machines cannot take advantage of the speed of light which is available for fast production.
		For those persons who wish to attach themselves to a fixed and static technique, the field of phototypesetting will not provide an effort of satisfaction because the changes and developments in the field will be numerous and possibly quite rapid.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles09/lithography-6.shtml (1375 words)

	XPress Press - Glossary
		In phototypesetting, a tape-operated visual display unit (VDT), using a cathode ray tube on which is displayed the results of keyboarding (captured on tape) for editing purposes via its attached input keyboard prior to processing the copy in a typesetting machine.
		In phototypesetting, typewritten copy produced simultaneously with paper or magnetic tape and used to help keyboard operator spot errors as he types and to supply proofreaders with copy to read and correct before the tape is committed to typesetting, Also convenient for marking operating instructions to the photounit operator.
		In phototypesetting, a keyboard at which the operator types the copy to be set, producing a continuous tape which is then fed into a computer to determine line length and hyphenation and justification.
	www.xpresspress.net /glossary.html (17939 words)

	Reloadable paper dispenser - Patent 4201354
		The enclosure is capable of storing a roll of phototypesetting paper, of dispensing paper from said roll, and of returning paper onto said roll without folding or otherwise buckling the paper.
		Many prior-art phototypesetting systems utilize two enclosures, one for supplying or dispensing paper to the typesetter from a supply reel contained in the enclosure, and the other for collecting the dispensed paper onto a take-up reel.
		This folding of the paper often causes the emulsion that is typically on the surface of such paper to become abraded, resulting in inferior quality of the type produced at or in the region of the fold or abrasion.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4201354.html (2121 words)

	Printing Process Descriptions: Environment and Printing: The Printers' National Environmental Assistance Center: PNEAC: ...
		Phototypesetting devices, first demonstrated in the late nineteenth century, were introduced commercially in the early 1950s.
		In phototypesetting, individual type characters or symbols are exposed onto photographic film or paper.
		In the later generations of computer-driven phototypesetters, the image is generated electronically, and, in the latest generation of units, a laser is used to project the image onto the photographic film or paper.
	www.pneac.org /printprocesses/general/index.cfm (2808 words)

	Phototypesetting system and method - Patent 4338673
		The decoding sequence may be performed to generate stroke signals for the output cathode ray tube (CRT) of a conventional phototypesetting system during the corresponding strokes in the raster pattern of that output CRT operation.
		Phototypesetting systems are often required to meet a broad range of selected typesetting applications, such as newspaper, news text, classified advertising material, telephone directories, parts lists, and catalogs.
		The character selector 34 may be a conventional element for phototypesetting systems which generates data representative of a line of characters or symbols to be typeset.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4338673.html (16132 words)

	Graphion Museum: Old Phototypesetter Tales
		There were phototypesetting devices of one kind or another, including one patented in Japan by Nobuo Morisawa in 1925, but the revolution, or evolution, that would change the entire process of getting words into print twice in the last quarter of the twentieth century, was brought about by four forces:
		Phototypesetting R.I.P. The development of WYSIWYG systems (What You See Is What You Get) began in the 1980s with a variety of proprietary systems, most of which settled for as little as two screen fonts, one serif and one sans-serif.
		We entered the phototypesetting field when it was just beginning, and we've seen it through to the end.
	www.geocities.com /danhaag/oldtype.tpl.html (4870 words)

	Hampshire County Council
		INTRODUCTION 1.1 The existing phototypesetting system is seven years old, obsolete and will not be supported for maintenance or service after the Autumn of this year.
		The system was purchased in 1982 at a cost of £30,000 and was written down over a period of five years.
		2.2 The options available are therefore: 2.3 (a) Replace with modern dedicated phototypesetting equipment In view of the high cost, and the growing use of desk top publishing, this option is not recommended.
	www.hants.gov.uk /scrmxn/c3992.html (497 words)

	Folio: The Magazine for Magazine Management: 'Desktop' publishing: putting it in perspective
		By the seventies, we had modified the descriptor to "computer phototypesetting' --and the word "computer' alone attracted many of us to the technology.
		By 1980, phototypesetting (which refers to the output device or "back end' as we now call it) had polarized into two levels.
		Because the resolution (the number of dots to the inch) was too low to replace phototypesetting, it was adequate for proofing purposes--producing a simulation of the typeset page on plain paper.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3065/is_v16/ai_4751609 (1369 words)

	Medical University of South Carolina - Classification of Positions
		Positions assigned to this class operate printing, duplicating, bindery and/or automatic phototypesetting equipment for a majority of the work time.
		Operates an offset printing press or phototypesetting machine; cleans, lubricates and makes adjustments and minor repairs to machines.
		Operates, cleans and maintains blueprint or white developer machines used to photograph large maps; may serve as lead worker in a duplicating section preparing and binding large blue and white prints of maps and road plans.
	www.musc.edu /hrm/classcomp/view_class.shtml?BD10 (480 words)

	INITPRESS - printing equipment and services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Thus as the rational screening is rigidly linked up to a pixel matrix of a phototypesetting machine, the group of cells with sizes of 3x3 screen dots is the minimal addressed element and the address of each this group as well as the form of dots are computed beforehand.
		In connection with rigid linkage of rational screening methods to a pixel matrix of a phototypesetting machine to each screen cell (or group of cells) only address on crossing of a line determining screen angle and physical pixel of phototypesetting machine (Fig.
		As against rational screening, irrational it is not linked to a pixel matrix of a phototypesetting machine and the sequence of a screen calculation is not repeated.
	www.initpress.ru /eng/stat007.htm (2117 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This case involves an appeal taken by the Department of Revenue from a decision by the Administrative Hearing Commission finding that phototypesetting paper is "equipment." The taxpayer, a Missouri corporation engaged in the business of producing yearbooks for schools and other commercial customers, purchased phototypesetting paper.
		Upon completion of an audit, Respondent assessed the taxpayer sales/use taxes on its purchases of the phototypesetting paper.
		The Administrative Hearing Commission reversed the assessment based on its conclusion that the purchases of phototypesetting paper were exempt from the imposition of sales/use taxes under § 144.030.2(4), RSMo, as "equipment" replaced by reason of design change.
	www.dor.state.mo.us /tax/cases/WALS.html (237 words)

	DWT: Resources: Books by James Craig
		Phototypesetting: A Design Manual was published in 1978 to address the introduction of a new typesetting technology that challenged a generation of designers familiar with only metal type technologies.
		Phototypesetting offers the designer a complete, graphically illustrated guide to phototypesetting.
		Because character-counting methods vary from one phototypesetting system to another, the reader is shown various ways of obtaining an accurate count.
	www.designingwithtype.com /resources_book6.html (224 words)

	Phototypesetting - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		One model for example, the CompuGraphic 8400, used a filmstrip wrapped around a drum that rotated at several thousand RPM.
		This page was last modified 21:57, 11 Jun 2005.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Phototypesetting contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Phototypesetting (401 words)

	Computer Education for Teachers \| Chapter Outline
		The first phototypesetting machine was introduced by Intertype in 1950.
		Phototypesetting was faster, less costly, and more flexible than cast type.
		Today, it coexists with phototypesetting as the standards for setting type and uses computer typesetting equipment to describe letter forms as nearly invisible dots.
	highered.mcgraw-hill.com /sites/0072397721/student_view0/chapter5/chapter_outline.html (701 words)

	Monotype chronicles
		Higonnet-Moyroud phototypesetting system entered field trial as the Photon 100 at the Patriot Ledger newspaper in Quincy, Massachusetts.
		Linofilm phototypesetting system, containing a multiplicity of thermionic valves, was tentatively exhibited.
		Phototypesetting developments of Higonnet and Moyroud reached the routine production stage with the Photon 200 machine.
	www.letterpress.ch /APINET/MONOTYPE.timeline/1954_59.html (424 words)

	Invent Now \| Hall of Fame \| Search \| Inventor Profile
		Moyroud and Higonnet first demonstrated their first phototypesetting machine, the Lumitype-later known as the Photon-in September 1946 and introduced it to America in 1948.
		He joined the LMT Laboratories, a subsidiary in Paris of ITT, in 1941 and left in 1946 to spend all of his time on photocomposition.
		In recent years, Moyroud has been instrumental in the development of the Euorcat Series of phototypesetting machines marketed in Europe by Bobst Graphics.
	www.invent.org /hall_of_fame/108.html (197 words)

	ATypI
		The first phototypesetting devices for display setting were followed by Diatype and Diatronic, Berthold’s machines for the jobbing area.
		In this situation, it is to the credit of Eckehart Schumacher-Gebler that he, recognising the importance of all this material, used his contacts to type foundries to prevent matrices and other foundry tools from being scrapped.
		To a certain extent, it symbolises the final stage of a process that was then continued in phototypesetting.
	www.atypi.org /40_conferences/30_past_conferences/60_leipzig/gen_info/museum.html (2487 words)

	FAG Graphic Systems SA
		This fl/white transmission densitometer supplies transparency measurements of continuous-tone, line and screened half-tone films in reproduction and phototypesetting work.
		Zero setting is automatic, and the slope factor is adjusted and tested by pushbutton operation.
		The three measuring diaphragms of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm diameter, and the slit diaphragm (for phototypesetting) are interchangeable simply and rapidly.
	www.fag.ch /products/vipdensD200.htm (138 words)

	652.685-106 - TYPE-PROOF REPRODUCER (machinery mfg.) - DOT Dictionary of Occupational Titles Job Description
		Tends phototypesetting machine and photo processor that print and develop proof of phototypesetting type disk in disk manufacturing establishment: Selects roll of programmed tape from file, secures roll onto reel of phototypesetting machine, and threads tape through machine rollers and into reader to prepare machine for automatic operation.
		Depresses keys to enter command codes for projection of type images from type disk onto film cassette in photo unit of machine and onto screen of cathode ray tube.
		Removes disk from phototypesetting machine, and places disk and runoff in specified storage area.
	www.occupationalinfo.org /65/652685106.html (218 words)

	Translation and Typography
		Dedicated typesetting machines allowed the typeset text to be displayed on a monitor and recorded, initially on perforated tapes and later on diskettes.
		The early phototypesetting machines had little or no graphic capabilities; type and graphics were produced separately and brought together on the camera-ready mechanicals also called keylines in some parts of the U.S. To produce type, the typesetter entered codes through the keyboard to format the text.
		With the first phototypesetting machines, the fonts came applied onto plastic disks by a photographic process, and the different sizes could be produced from the same font.
	accurapid.com /journal/03type.htm (2703 words)

	Medical University of South Carolina - Classification of Positions
		Coordinates and supervises duplicating, printing, phototypesetting and photocopying operations for a state agency or institution; performs advanced printing functions.
		Positions assigned to this class coordinate routine or standardized printing functions or perform highly skilled printing duties in a large printing facility.
		Supervises the operation of offset printing, mimeographing, duplicating, binding/finishing, phototypesetting and photocopying machines; reviews completed work for acceptability and accuracy.
	www.musc.edu /hrm/classcomp/view_class.shtml?BD20 (478 words)

	Prepress technicians and workers
		The old “hot type” method of text composition—in which molten lead was used to create individual letters, which were placed in frames to produce paragraphs and full pages of text— has become rare.
		Its successor, phototypesetting or “cold type” technology, is still used for some composition work, but it, in turn, is being rapidly replaced by computerized digital imaging technology.
		In one common form of phototypesetting, printed text received from the customer must first be entered into a computer programmed to hyphenate, space, and create columns of text.
	stats.bls.gov /oco/ocos230.htm (2661 words)

	About Blue Max (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Brown moved to systems engineering and was assigned to the Data Processing Division to develop IBM’s entry onto computerized phototypesetting for the printing and publishing industry.
		phototypesetting programs and computerized hyphenation algorithms, IBM became the worldwide leader in computerized typesetting for newspapers and book publishing.
		Over 100 million dollars worth of IBM computers were sold or leased during their first few years of availability, due to Mr.
	www.bluemax.net /INFO/3914aboutbluemax.htm (5419 words)

	Ethan Frome
		Produces and edits text and graphics using typesetting, phototypesetting equipment, or desktop publishing and graphics software; operates duplicating and binding equipment to complete printing jobs; consults with customers and makes recommendations; maintains equipment and related files.
		Produces and edits text and graphics using typesetting, phototypesetting equipment, or desktop publishing and graphics software; proofreads material; selects type style, sizes, and layout specifications for printing; cuts and pastes-up revisions and corrections.
		Analyzes and evaluates printing jobs and special projects; consults with customers to determine type of printing services needed; recommends selection of appropriate materials (e.g., ink, paper) and specifications; coordinates printing services with vendors.
	dept.kent.edu /vph/personnel/jobs/epj1.htm (478 words)

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