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| | Tefillin [Phylacteries] |
 | | The head phylactery is imprinted twice with the Hebrew letter shin: once on the side which is to the left of the wearer, and once on the opposite side. |
 | | All statements as to the nature of phylacteries in pre-Mishnaic times were mere conjecture until the discovery some forty years ago of the remains of phylacteries at the Murabba'at caves, which were occupied by refugees at the time of the Bar Kokhba revolt (135 CE), and at the caves at Qumran. |
 | | Thus we see that while the physical elements of the phylacteries, i.e., the case, the parchment, the ties, etc., were already fixed by the 2nd century CE, the final uniformity of the text was not established until later, and even then, two traditions remained as to the ordering of the four passages. |
| www.karaites.org.uk /phylacteries.shtml (2476 words) |
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