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Topic: Physical compression

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Compression

Multimedia compression

Compressive stress

Tensile stress

Coefficient of thermal expansion

Tension

Spring (device)

Reinforced concrete

Acoustical engineering

Ultrasound weapons

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	GFF CD-ROM/Internet Edition: Chapter 9. Data Compression
		Compression is the process used to reduce the physical size of a block of information.
		Data compression is a type of data encoding, and one that is used to reduce the size of data.
		The resulting block of compressed data is normally smaller than the original because the physical compression algorithm has removed the redundancy that existed in the data itself.
	netghost.narod.ru /gff/graphics/book/ch09_01.htm (2035 words)

	Get Physical Music
		We are very proud to present Raz Ohara as a new Physical family member.
		He will release his album "Raz Ohara and the odd orchestra" on Physical.
		That sound, as this compelling set of M.A.N.D.Y. remixes shows, couldn't be further away from all those bangin' Ibeefa anthems of yore.
	www.physical-music.com (591 words)

	GFF CD-ROM/Internet Edition: Chapter 9. Data Compression
		Compression is the process used to reduce the physical size of a block of information.
		Data compression is a type of data encoding, and one that is used to reduce the size of data.
		Physical compression is performed on data exclusive of the information it contains; it only translates a series of bits from one pattern to another, more compact one.
	www.fileformat.info /mirror/egff/ch09_01.htm (2045 words)

	PHYSICAL COMPRESSION FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Physical compression is the result of the subjection of a material to compressive stress, resulting in reduction of volume.
		This steam being compressed as the stroke is completed, a cushion is formed against which the piston does work while its velocity is being rapidly reduced, and thus the stresses in the mechanism due to the inertia of the reciprocating parts are lessened.
		In internal combustion engines it is a necessary condition of economy to compress the explosive mixture before it is ignited: in the Otto cycle, for instance, the second stroke of the piston effects the compression of the charge which has been drawn into the cylinder by the first forward stroke.
	www.bellabuds.com /physical_compression (232 words)

	Physical compression - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Physical compression is the result of the subjection of a material to compressive stress, resulting in reduction of volume.
		This steam being compressed as the stroke is completed, a cushion is formed against which the piston does work while its velocity is being rapidly reduced, and thus the stresses in the mechanism due to the inertia of the reciprocating parts are lessened.
		In internal combustion engines it is a necessary condition of economy to compress the explosive mixture before it is ignited: in the Otto cycle, for instance, the second stroke of the piston effects the compression of the charge which has been drawn into the cylinder by the first forward stroke.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Physical_compression (252 words)

	NISMAT web site - Physical Therapy Corner: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
		Compression of the interscalene space between the anterior and middle scalene muscles-probably from nerve root irritation, spondylosis or facet joint inflammation leading to muscle spasm.
		Compression in the space between the clavicle, the first rib and the muscular and ligamentous structures in the area-probably from postural deficiencies or carrying heavy objects.
		Compression beneath the tendon of the pectoralis minor under the coracoid process-may result from repetitive movements of the arms above the head (shoulder elevation and hyperabduction).
	www.nismat.org /ptcor/thoracic_outlet/index.html (1948 words)

	A framework for probabilistic theories with non-fixed causal structure
		We find that there is a second level of physical compression for a composite region over and above the first level physical compression for the component regions.
		This is the third level of physical compression.
		The third level of physical compression gives rise to a new mathematical object which we call the causaloid.
	www.iop.org /EJ/abstract/1751-8121/40/12/S12 (468 words)

	Physical compression Information
		Compression has many implications in material science, physics and structural engineering, for compression yields noticeable amounts of stress and tension.
		This steam being compressed as the stroke is completed, a cushion is formed against which the piston does work while its velocity is being rapidly reduced, and thus the stresses in the mechanism due to the inertia of the reciprocating parts are lessened.
		In internal combustion engines it is a necessary condition of economy to compress the explosive mixture before it is ignited: in the Otto cycle, for instance, the second stroke of the piston effects the compression of the charge which has been drawn into the cylinder by the first forward stroke.
	www.bookrags.com /Physical_compression (229 words)

	Phase (matter) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i.e.
		Because the molecules are very close to one another, water resists compression; try squeezing a water balloon, and you will find that it is practically impossible to reduce its volume, unlike an ordinary air balloon.
		When discussing the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases, we talked about rigidity and compressibility, and the effects of varying the pressure and volume, because those are the relevant properties that distinguish a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phases_of_matter (2669 words)

	eMedicine - Nonoperative Treatment of Osteoporotic Compression Fractures : Article by Grant Cooper, MD
		Pathophysiology: Vertebral compression fractures characteristically demonstrate a wedge-shaped pattern with gross collapse of the anterior portion of the vertebral body and relative preservation of the posterior body height.
		Physical Therapy: The critical element in deciding a treatment regimen is pain and percent of vertebral collapse.
		The key to preventing osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures is to prevent osteoporosis via education of the younger population.
	www.emedicine.com /pmr/topic238.htm (4246 words)

	The Analyst - Internet Health Report: Treatment: Physical Supports
		Compression stockings vary from over the counter styles which provide mild compression to high compression styles requiring a doctor’s prescription.
		Compression stockings can be difficult to put on and unless you have strong hands and arms, you will probably need help getting them on.
		This compression provides a "massaging effect" that, when combined with the muscle pump effect of the calf, helps to constrict the veins, and reduce swelling.
	www.digitalnaturopath.com /treat/T326673.html (1926 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Continuum mechanics (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Continuum mechanics is a branch of physics (specifically mechanics) that deals with continuous matter, including both solids and fluids (i.e., liquids and gases).
		Some of these differential equations are specific to the materials being investigated and are called constitutive equations, while others capture fundamental physical laws, such as conservation of mass or conservation of momentum.
		The physical laws of solids and fluids do not depend on the coordinate system in which they are observed.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Continuum_mechanics (311 words)

	Compression - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Physical compression, the result of the subjection of a material to compressive stress
		Geology compression, a system of forces that tend to decrease the volume or shorten rocks.
		Gas compressor, a mechanical device that compresses a gas e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Compression (198 words)

	Memory Expansion Technology (MXT): Software support and performance
		Physical addresses are the addresses used behind the controller chip for addressing the compressed memory, also referred to as physical memory in this paper.
		Our approach allows the entire memory to be compressed, in contrast to that of [8], and it does not partition the main memory into compressed and uncompressed segments as in [7].
		The compression algorithm is a parallelized generalization [2] of the Lempel–Ziv algorithm known as LZ1.
	www.research.ibm.com /journal/rd/452/abali.html (8604 words)

	Bonita Physical Therapy Medical Library
		Rarely, surgery is required to assist in realigning the kneecap by releasing the tight structures on the outside of the kneecap and reefing the inner structures.
		Physical therapy is usually started 2-3 weeks after a dislocation to strengthen the muscles that support the shoulder joint.
		Physical therapy follows to help restore range of motion, strength, and to educate the patient of factors that can lead to a reoccurrence of the problem.
	www.bonitaphysicaltherapy.com /library.htm (5919 words)

	Definition of Physical compression
		Compression in material science, physics or structural engineering, is the stress state of materials where the volume tends to decrease (compaction).
		Compression is the result of the subjection of a material to compressive stress.
		In laboratories, compression of materials is achieved by the use of press machines to measure the mechanical properties of materials such as compressive strength or the modulus of elasticity by experiments.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Physical_compression (156 words)

	eMedicine - Lumbar Compression Fracture : Article by Andrew L Sherman, MD
		Compression fractures are often diagnosed when an elderly patient presents with symptoms such as progressive scoliosis or mechanical lower back pain and the physician obtains routine lumbar radiographs.
		Physical Therapy: The indications for surgical management of lumbar compression fractures are discussed in Surgical Intervention.
		Compression fractures in males younger than 75 years are unusual without trauma, and the patient should be examined thoroughly for endocrine or prostate abnormalities.
	www.emedicine.com /pmr/topic66.htm (6750 words)

	Apparatus for compressing data in a dynamically mapped virtual data storage subsystem - Patent 5247638
		The data compression apparatus 203-0 divides each record of an incoming stream of data records into predetermined sized segments, each of which is compressed independently without reference to any other segment in the stream of data records.
		Data compression is accomplished by transforming the user data field that is transmitted to data compression circuit 203-0 by the host computer 11 into a bit oriented compressed format.
		The amount of compressed data recorded on the disk drives per segment is typically much less than the original amount of data contained in the segment, depending on the effectiveness of the compression algorithm on this particular user data.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5247638.html (13885 words)

	Physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis in stroke
		Physical methods to prevent DVT and PE (such as compression stockings applied to the legs) are not associated with any bleeding risk and are effective in some categories of medical and surgical patients.
		In one trial of 26 patients, an intermittent pneumatic compression device was not associated with a significant reduction in DVT detected by 125-I-fibrinogen scanning.
		Overall, physical methods were not associated with a significant reduction in DVT during the treatment period in survivors (Odds ratio (OR) 0.54, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.18 to 1.57) or death (OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.5 to 4.77).
	www.cochrane.org /reviews/en/ab001922.html (595 words)

	Speech Compression
		With current compression techniques (all of which are lossy), it is possible to reduce the rate to 8 kbps with almost no perceptible loss in quality.
		Further compression is possible at a cost of lower quality.
		The model says that the digital speech signal is the output of a digital filter (called the LPC filter) whose input is either a train of impulses or a white noise sequence.
	www.data-compression.com /speech.html (940 words)

	David Boness Publications
		Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 148, 85-96 (2005) [doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2004.08.004].
		Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 42, 227-40 (1986).
		Constraints from liquid-state transition-metal physics on the electrical conductivity of the Earth's core.
	www.seattleu.edu /scieng/phys/bonesspubs.html (1373 words)

	Structural Alterations of Nerve During Cuff Compression -- Dyck et al. 87 (24): 9828 -- Proceedings of the National ...
		To assess structural changes of nerve during compression, peroneal nerves of rats were compressed at various pressures for different times, and the structural alterations were stopped by simultaneous in situ and perfusion fixation.
		At the edges of the cuff the changes were (i) increase of fascicular area probably from expressed endoneurial fluid; (ii) widening of nodal gaps, perhaps mainly from translocated axonal fluid; and (iii) disordered structure of axoplasm.
		The initial event is expression of endoneurial fluid, followed by compression and expression of axoplasm and cleavage and displacement of layers of myelin.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/87/24/9828 (359 words)

	Diagnosing vertebral compression fractures
		Mortality is also associated with vertebral fractures, as women diagnosed with a compression fracture of the vertebra have a 15 percent higher mortality rate than those who do not experience fractures.
		However, in the spine a compression fracture in the vertebral bone may be missed on an x-ray, and if this is the case it may be assumed that the patient’s pain is due to general muscle strain or just the aches and pains that accompany aging.
		A compression fracture of the spine that appears for little or no reason may be the first indication that an unrecognized cancer has spread to the spine.
	www.spine-health.com /topics/cd/fracture/fracture03.html (1046 words)

	Oblique Compressional Structures/AAPG (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Physical modeling and examination of field examples reveal features indicative of oblique shortening.
		Physical models were constructed of 4 cm of layered clay above a 45°-dipping basement fault.
		They were shortened 2.75 cm at 45° to the strike of the underlying basement fault to simulated oblique compression.
	www-rci.rutgers.edu /~schlisch/aapgst99.html (235 words)

	Diagnostic value of history and physical examination in patients suspected of lumbosacral nerve root compression -- ...
		and compression of the ventrolateral border of the dural sac
		compression was found on 56% of the MR imaging studies.
		The consistency of the history and the physical examination in the patient suspected of sciatica.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/72/5/630 (2561 words)

	Compression Design - Company
		This case report describes the physical therapist examination, evaluation, and intervention for a patient with bilateral lower-extremity lymphedema who received complete decongestive physical therapy 2 days per week instead of the recommended daily frequency.
		Twice-weekly management of lymphedema using a program of skin care, manual lymph techniques, compression, and exercise was followed by reduction of the impairments and functional limitations in a patient with bilateral lower-extremity lymphedema.
		The patient was a 55-year-old woman who was referred for physical therapy with a diagnosis of "lymphedema of the legs." Her prescription was for evaluation and intervention.
	www.compressiondesign.com /cases.html (4092 words)

	CVI
		Physical Therapy for lymphatic and vascular disease, including MLD and CDT shall be considered medical services for disease management and prevention, and not physical or occupational therapy.
		Moderate to Severe shall allow for ninety visits of physical therapy visits to include, but not limited to initial evaluation, treatment of MLD and application of external compression, patient education, home management discharge planning.
		Calibrated gradient sequential compression pumps with the accompanying compression appliance consisting of eight or more chambers, for all affected areas of the body for purchase, shall be covered when ordered by the treating physician.
	www.lymphedemapeople.com /thesite/cvi_lymphedema_patients_rights_bill_1.htm (1716 words)

	Intravascular Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Iliac Vein Compression (May-Thurner) Syndrome -- Forauer et ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		the cause of vessel compression in all 16 patients.
		A combination of physical compression and repetitive trauma are responsible for venous intimal changes, or "spurs." (reproduced with permission from Reference 3).
		Compression of the left common iliac vein by a normal-caliber
	www.jvir.org /cgi/content/full/13/5/523 (2344 words)

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