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Topic: Physical oceanography

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Scripps Institution of Oceanography

physical oceanography

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National Institute of Oceanography

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Institute of Physical Oceanography

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	Physical oceanography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters.
		Physical oceanography is one of five sub-domains into which oceanography is divided; the other fields being biological, chemical, geological and meteorologic oceanography.
		This is the key piece of physics that gives rise to coastal upwelling as wind-driven currents tend to forced to the right of the winds in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left of the winds in the Southern Hemisphere.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Physical_oceanography (2203 words)

	Oceanography and Marine Science
		Physical oceanography is the study of the physics of the ocean.
		Physical oceanographic research conducted by OSU faculty includes the development of specialized instrumentation, deployment and retrieval of these instruments at sea and processing of the data collected by the instruments.
		Physical oceanographic observations and models are also used to investigate the interaction between physical oceanography and ocean biology, chemistry and geology, as well as air-sea interaction.
	www.coas.oregonstate.edu /index.cfm?fuseaction=content.display&id=184 (576 words)

	Physical oceanography: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Physical oceanography is the study of the physical processes affecting and being driven by the Earth Earth quick summary:
		In physics, the coriolis effect or coriolis force is a manifestation of inertia first described in full by gaspard-gustave coriolis, a french scientist,...
		Chemical oceanography is the study of the behaviour of the chemical elements within the earths oceans....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/ph/physical_oceanography.htm (1127 words)

	Physical Oceanography - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Physical oceanography is the exploration and study of the physics and geography of the ocean currents and water properties.
		Physical oceanography has important applications in global climate, oceanic mixing, and coastal studies, as well as being a key element in interdisciplinary studies of primary production, hydrothermal vents, and oceanic flux and storage of carbon dioxide.
		Physical Oceanographic Observing Laboratory, is a new oversight group providing a single point of contact for potential users of the various seagoing groups, and their specialized equipment.
	www.whoi.edu /science/PO/dept (816 words)

	Physical Oceanography Program Requirements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Physical oceanographers seek to understand the physical processes that govern the circulation of the ocean and the coupled atmosphere- ocean system.
		PO students obtain a broad background from courses in the physical circulation of the ocean, the nature of wave motion, and geophysical fluid dynamics.
		Electives serve to strengthen the student's grasp of oceanography and of the sciences basic to oceanography, and are a preparation for individual research.
	www.gso.uri.edu /academics/physoceanog.html (446 words)

	Department of Physical Sciences
		The Physical Oceanography Group within the Department of Physical Sciences focuses on water motion in estuaries and on the continental shelf along with the associated transport of buoyancy, suspended particles, nutrients and pollutants.
		Physical Oceanography at VIMS is extremely interdisciplinary, with ongoing collaboration with chemists and geologists within our department, biologists and resource managers elsewhere at VIMS, and scientists from various disciplines through the country and around the world.
		We have ongoing field projects in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries as well as on the shelves of the east and west coasts of the U.S., and we are applying three dimensional numerical models to study circulation and associated dissolved and particulate transport in estuarine and shelf environments.
	www.vims.edu /physical (634 words)

	Arctic and Physical Oceanography Motivation
		An understanding of the concepts of physical oceanography is often necessary to fully appreciate and understand processes in the other oceanographic disciplines, marine biology, chemical oceanography, and marine geology.
		This course is designed to introduce students to the important physical processes in the oceans in such a way that they will understand both the conceptual physical principles and at the larger scale how these fit into the earth as a system.
		To help understand why physical oceanography is important in the earth system and to learn about the interactions with other components of the system, particularly the atmosphere.
	newark.cms.udel.edu /~muenchow/po_mot.html (413 words)

	Florida Institute of Technology
		Oceanography is an interdisciplinary science that attempts to describe and understand the oceans.
		The complexity of this science requires that it be divided into the subdisciplines of biological, chemical, geological and physical oceanography, and coastal zone management.
		The marine studies oceanography undergraduate curricula are designed to prepare the graduate for a professional scientific career and/or graduate studies exploring the scientific implication of human activities in and near the oceans.
	www.fit.edu /AcadRes/dmes/oceanography.html (612 words)

	Physical Oceanography -- MMS Pacific Region
		Physical oceanography includes the study of ocean currents, or "circulations" and how the currents in the ocean respond to various forcing mechanisms, such as the wind.
		Currently physical oceanographic studies are being carried out as part of a cooperative agreement between the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (University of California at San Diego) and MMS.
		The Center for Coastal Studies also maintains a data zoo, a large collection of west coast physical oceanographic data collected by scientists from Scripps and other organizations as part of the MMS program of physical oceanographic studies which began in 1981.
	www.mms.gov /omm/pacific/enviro/oceanog.htm (245 words)

	Research in Physical Oceanography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Physical Oceanography deals with observations of the properties and movement of ocean water and the understanding and modeling of these natural phenomena using fundamental concepts of fluid mechanics, applied physics, and mathematics.
		In other words, physical oceanography concerns how water moves and mixes in the ocean, changes its properties, and carries and distributes dissolved chemicals, nutrients, plankton, and pollutants.
		A central intellectual challenge of physical oceanography is understanding the range of space and time scales that are involved.
	chowder.ucsd.edu /physo/research/research.html (298 words)

	OCEANOGRAPHY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		OCEAN 101 Survey of Oceanography (5) NW Holistic view of fundamental principles of ocean science; the geography and geology of ocean basins; chemistry of sea water; physical dynamics of currents, waves, and tides; coastal processes; and the biology of diverse ecosystems such as deep sea vents, coral reefs, and estuaries.
		Structure of ocean basins; physical properties of seawater and the equation of state; heat, salt, fresh water budgets; tidal potential; Coriolis effect and geostrophic balance; major current systems and water masses; mixing, stirring in the ocean; simple waves; modern experimental methods in physical oceanography.
		The physics of boundary layers, initiation of motion, suspended load, bedload, bedforms, and continua transport (turbidity currents, debris flows, and suspensions) and its application to the geological record.
	www.washington.edu /students/crscat/ocean.html (3153 words)

	MIT-WHOI Joint Program: Academics: Physical Oceanography
		There are similarities in how the atmosphere and the ocean move and, as such, physical oceanography has much in common with meteorology.
		Physical oceanographers employ a wide variety of scientific skills and approaches, from the most descriptive to the most theoretical, to explain oceanic motions.
		Physical oceanography is mature enough to have a substantial body of theory to aid in the interpretation of observations, yet the ocean is continually offering new data to challenge existing ideas of how the ocean works.
	web.mit.edu /mit-whoi/www/academics/po (838 words)

	FSU Physical Oceanography
		Physical oceanographers specialize in studies of the behavior of the fluid world.
		They study the ocean-atmosphere relationship that influences weather and climate, the transmission of light and sound through water, and the ocean's interactions with its boundaries at the seafloor and the coast.
		Physical oceanography requires a basic understanding of geophysical fluid dynamics (the study of fluid motion on a rotating sphere), classical physics, and applied mathematics.
	ocean.fsu.edu /physical.html (256 words)

	Oceanography - Physical Oceanography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Physical oceanographers study the interaction between the ocean and its boundaries -- land, seafloor, and atmosphere -- and the relationship between the sea, weather, and climate.
		The physical properties of the ocean are intimately linked to the biology and chemistry of the ocean, and vice-versa.
		For example, physical oceanographers are currently working with biological oceanographers and ocean engineers in a multi-institution, multi-agency research initiative knows as ECOHAB (short for ecology of harmful algal blooms).
	marinecareers.net /physical.htm (501 words)

	Physical Oceanography
		The oceanography of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is complex due to its large expanse along the shelf waters of Northeast Australia(see a review in Wolanski, 1994).
		This paper examines the use of oceanography in multi-disciplinary studies of important environmental problems, namely the effects of land use, reef recruitment and global change.
		Both the merging of the physical and biological data sets and the animation of the data are necessary because the data are patchy in time and in space and practically un-assailable using standard statistical techniques.
	www.aims.gov.au /ibm/reports/gbra/gbra96.html (2120 words)

	Physical Oceanography of the tropical Pacific
		Physical Oceanography of the tropical Pacific - chapter for Geography of the Pacific Islands (M. Rapaport, editor.
		This is a brief introduction to the basic physical oceanography of the Pacific island region - the circulation, tsunamis, waves, temperature and salinity distributions, and the forces that create these.
		The tsunami of April 1, 1946, Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the University of California, 5:391-470.
	sam.ucsd.edu /papers/talley_tropical_pacific.html (10018 words)

	Physical Oceanography at Memorial
		Located at the confluence of the cold, fresh Labrador Current coming from the north and the warm, saline Gulf Stream coming from the south, Newfoundland is one of the most exciting places in the world for the study of oceanography.
		It is located at a pivotal point in the world climate system, one of the most important regions for the exchange of heat between the tropical and polar regions.
		The establishment of the Physical Oceanography Group in 1979 and its subsequent growth to a position of international standing demonstrates this commitment.
	www.physics.mun.ca /Ocean/physocean.html (173 words)

	Oceanography - Physical Oceanography
		Physical Oceanography is the study of the dynamics and thermodynamics of the sea.
		The applications range from general topics in geophysical fluid dynamics to modern techniques of data-assimilation and operational oceanography, and from modelling techniques to acoustical oceanography.
		Our teaching covers not just Physical Oceanography, but also Statistics, Mathemematics and Physics, at both graduate and undergraduate levels.
	oceanography.dal.ca /ocean_930.html (95 words)

	JPO Home Page
		Published monthly by the American Meteorological Society, the Journal of Physical Oceanography covers research related to the physics of the ocean and to processes operating at its boundaries.
		Papers that investigate interactions with other components of the earth system (e.g., ocean–atmosphere, physical–biological and physical–chemical interactions) as well as studies of other fluid systems (e.g., lakes and laboratory tanks) are also invited, as long as their focus is on understanding the ocean or the ocean's role in the earth system.
		Manuscripts on all topics in physical oceanography may be submitted to any editor, but their review will be facilitated if they are directed to the appropriate subject-specific editor as in the following list.
	www.ametsoc.org /pubs/journals/jpo (438 words)

	Marine Sciences Program at Avery Point - Graduate Physical Oceanography Program
		The physical oceanography group at UConn's Department of Marine Sciences includes six faculty members: Frank Bohlen, Heidi Dierssen, James Edson, Ed Monahan, Jim O'Donnell, and Mike Whitney.
		Graduate study in physical oceanography at UConn combines quality teaching in the comfortable and personalized setting of the Avery Point campus together with opportunities for involvement in a variety of outstanding research projects.
		The physical characteristics of estuaries, river and tidal interactions, turbulence and mixing, salt balance, circulation dynamics, mass transport and flushing, modeling considerations.
	www.marinesciences.uconn.edu /academic/physical.html (369 words)

	Master's Degree in Physical Oceanography
		Physical Oceanography is the scientific study of ocean physics: ocean currents, the thermal structure of the oceans, the movement of heat by currents, the waves that travel through and on the oceans, the dynamic variations and their relations to the Earth's climate.
		It is a unique discipline in that it brings together the knowledge of many other disciplines, including: physics, mathematics, earth science, atmospheric science, and engineering.
		Although classically, Physical Oceanographers have been concerned with improving our understanding of ocean dynamics, the field is increasingly important for the pressing global problems such as global climate change, coastal development, and marine ecosystems and biodiversity.
	www.nova.edu /ocean/mspo (925 words)

	Physical Oceanography - Vents Program
		Circulation around ridges and seamounts in the deep ocean is complicated, and topographic interactions can cause variations in flow including intensification along a ridge, cross-axis flow, ridge trapping of eddies at some scales, and generation of other eddies by the venting process.
		The circulation patterns and physical processes are important in dispersing hydrothermal plumes from their sources and incorporating them into the general ocean circulation.
		Flow characteristics are critical input for flux estimates and modeling studies that indicate hydrothermal venting significantly affects the thermal and chemical budgets of the ocean.
	www.pmel.noaa.gov /vents/physical (238 words)

	met.no: Oceanography
		The Research and Development group in physical oceanography at met.no focuses its research on analysis of ocean circulation models, of ocean-ice-atmosphere coupled models and finally of observations of the sea state.
		Model development is focused on the processes that control the physical state of the ocean, the processes related to the exchange of energy between ice, ocean and atmosphere, and numerical methods for solving the governing mathematical equations.
		Within Operational Oceanography, the institute seeks to extend the present-day official operational services - sea level, waves and oil drift - to include forecasts of currents (speed and direction), hydrography (temperature and salinity), sea ice (drift, thickness, distribution and concentration) and drift of floating objects (ships, rafts, persons, etc.).
	met.no /english/r_and_d_activities/rd_oceanography.html (458 words)

	PFEL Research - Physical Oceanography
		The physical oceanography research program is linked closely to those of the other tasks at PFEG and to research programs at the other SWFSC labs.
		Expertise in physical oceanography at PFEG and the linkages to the Navy's Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) and Naval Postgraduate School, as well as numerous other government, academic, and private research facilities, has historically meant that this task serves regionally, nationally and internationally as a resource to other ocean scientists.
		PFEG physical oceanographers are asked frequently to attend workshop and present seminars as experts on environmental-fishery linkages, and represent SWFSC, NMFS and NOAA on numerous committees and working groups.
	www.pfeg.noaa.gov /research/phys_ocn/phys_ocn.html (418 words)

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