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Topic: Physics of firearms

Related Topics

Recoil

Terminal ballistics

Stopping power

Bullet

Kinetic energy

Body armour

Bulletproof vest

Momentum

Firearm

Air pistol

Ballistics

Projectile

Force

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	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		A firearm is a device that can be used as a weapon that fires either single or multiple projectiles propelled at high velocity by the gases produced through rapid, confined burning of a propellant.
		The direct ancestor of the firearm is the fire-lance, which was a spear with a gunpowder-fueled flamethrower attached next to the spearhead; shrapnel was sometimes placed in the barrel so that it would fly out together with the flames.
		With this, the three distinct features of the firearm are met: a barrel made of metal, the gunpowder used containing high level of nitrate, and the projectile totally occluding the muzzle so that the powder charge would exert its full potential in propellant effect.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=firearms (5159 words)

	Physics
		Molecular physics Molecular physics is the study of the physical properties of molecules and of the chemical bonds betwe...
		Nuclear physics Nuclear physics is that branch of atom.
		Philosophy of physics Philosophy of physics is the study of the fundamental, philosophy of science.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/physics.html (1765 words)

	Physics of firearms -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		However, the smaller size of the bullet, compared to the gun-and-shooter system, allows significantly higher energy to be imparted to the bullet than to the shooter, giving guns their lethal effect.
		Hollywood depictions of firearm victims being thrown through plate-glass windows are inaccurate, as were this to be the case, the shooter would also be thrown backwards with equal force.
		Gunshot victims frequently do collapse when shot; however this is usually due to the effect of the energy of the bullet on their body systems, not the momentum of the bullet pushing them over.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/ph/physics_of_firearms.htm (402 words)

	Firearms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A firearm is a kinetic energy mechanical device that fires either single or multiple projectiles propelled at high velocity by the gases produced through rapid, confined burning of a propellant.
		The term gun is often used as a synonym for firearm, but in specialist use has a restricted senseâ”referring only to an artillery piece with a relatively high muzzle velocity and a relatively flat trajectory, such as a field gun, a tank gun, an anti-tank gun, or a naval gun.
		Small arms are generally small, very portable firearms with a barrel bore of up to approximately 0.50 inch (12.7 mm)and are aimed visually at their targets using sights.
	art.abcworld.net /Firearms.html (3716 words)

	Firearm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A firearm is a weapon that fires projectiles at high velocity due to an explosive chemical reaction.
		Invariably, the firearm was loaded through the muzzle with both gunpowder and the bullet (usually referred to as a "ball").
		A major innovation in firearms came when ammunition, previously coming as separate bullets and powder, was consolidated into a metal cartridge that consolidated the percussive cap, the powder, and the bullet into one package.
	www.indexlistus.de /keyword/Firearm.php (1857 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		An assortment of modern hand-held firearms using fixed ammunition, including military assault rifles, a sporting shotgun (fourth from bottom), a tactical shotgun (third from bottom), and a sporting rifle (top).
		Regularly used firearms must be periodically partially disassembled, cleaned and lubricated to ensure the firearm’s reliability; soldiers of the Armia Krajowa cleaning their firearms before combat; 1944
		Caseless ammunition is another trend, though impeded by the large number of traditional firearms, which would make their introduction expensive (an example is the German Heckler and Koch G11).
	stron.frm.pl /wiki.php?title=Firearms (5261 words)

	Physics of firearms
		For the viewpoint of physics, a firearm, as are most weapons, is a system for delivering maximum destructive energy to the target with minimum delivery of energy and momentum back to the shooter.
		It should be noted that the impact to the target can be no greater than the impact of the recoil, due to the law of conservation of momentum.
		Gunshot victims frequently do collapse when shot; however this is usually due to the effect of the energy of the bullet on their body systems, not the momentum of the bullet pushing them over.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ph/Physics_of_firearms.html (446 words)

	Cartridge (weaponry) - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The primer is a small charge of impact-sensitive chemical that may be located at the center of the case head (centerfire ammunition) or at its rim (rimfire ammunition).
		This cartridge was used with the muzzle-loading military firearm, the base of the cartridge being ripped or bitten off by the soldier, the powder poured into the barrel, and the bullet then rammed home.
		Probably no invention connected with firearms has wrought such changes in the principle of gun construction as those effected by the expansive cartridge case.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Cartridge_(weaponry) (2524 words)

	MR12345abcde's Xanga Site
		Firearms will always be a large point of interest to me as it represents one of my major hobbies in target shooting and hunting; meanwhile understanding them is something I am always doing in the classroom.
		To not allow someone to use a firearm for self defense is in essence saying “you can protect your home and family, but you have to be comfortable with the possibility of being successful 0% of the time”.
		Firearms may not have prevented all of these murders and blatant acts of oppression from happening, but I guarantee the majority of those lives lost, businesses burned and people arrested could have been avoided.
	www.xanga.com /home.aspx?user=MR12345abcde (4910 words)

	Ballistics Summary
		A ballistic body is a body which is free to move, behave, and be modified in appearance, contour, or texture by ambient conditions, substances, or forces, as by the pressure of gases in a gun, by rifling in a barrel, by gravity, by temperature, or by air particles.
		The first firearms evidence identification can be traced back to England in 1835 when the unique markings on a bullet taken from a victim were matched with a bullet mold belonging to the suspect.
		The first court case involving firearms evidence took place in 1902 when a specific gun was proven to be the murder weapon.
	www.bookrags.com /Ballistics (1871 words)

	ScienceDaily: ScienceDaily Breaking News: Physics
		Shear stress -- In physics, shear stress is a stress state in which the shape of a material tends to change (usually by "sliding" forces -- torque by transversely-acting forces) without particular volume...
		Superheating -- In physics, superheating (sometimes referred to as boiling retardation, boiling delay, or defervescence) is the phenomenon in which a liquid is heated to a temperature higher than its standard...
		Acceleration -- In physics or physical science, acceleration (symbol: a) is defined as the rate of change (or derivative with respect to time) of velocity.
	www.sciencedaily.com /upi/?feed=tech&topic=Physics&subtopic=&subsubtopic=&page=10 (1548 words)

	Cartridge (firearms) - RecipeFacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The primer is a small charge of impact-sensitive chemical that may be located at the center of the case head (centerfire ammunition) or at its rim (rimfire ammunition).
		This cartridge was used with the muzzle-loading military firearm, the base of the cartridge being ripped or bitten off by the soldier, the powder poured into the barrel, and the bullet then rammed home.
		Probably no invention connected with firearms has wrought such changes in the principle of gun construction as those effected by the "expansive cartridge case." This invention has completely revolutionized the art of gunmaking, has been successfully applied to all descriptions of firearms, and has produced a new and important industry: that of cartridge manufacture.
	www.recipeland.com /facts/Cartridge_%28firearms%29 (2786 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		From the viewpoint of physics (dynamics, to be exact), a firearm, as for most weapons, is a system for delivering maximum destructive energy to the target with minimum delivery of energy on the shooter.
		Since force equals the change in momentum and the initial momenta are zero, the force on the bullet must therefore be the same as the force on the gun/shooter.
		This is not the case if the victim is hit by heavier projectiles such as 20 mm cannon shell, where the momentum effects can be enormous; this is why very few such weapons can be fired without being mounted on a weapons platform or involve a recoilless system (e.g.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=physics_of_firearms (676 words)

	Comment is free: Faking the physics
		There is a strong current in a lot of physics (and a lot of that part of economics that suffers the worst physics-envy) to the effect that "all there is, is the mathematics".
		In general relativity as in all of physics, math is used as a metaphor to describe the behavior of space and time, but the same behavior could be described in words without loss of scientific content.
		The entire and only point of a physical theory is to predict and explain the results of experiments or observations of the world-- a theory that does not do this has crossed the border into the honorable but quite distinct land of pure math.
	commentisfree.guardian.co.uk /daniel_davies/2006/10/faking_the_physics.html (8403 words)

	Gun
		The term is also used for types of artillery with long barrels that fire at a relatively flat trajectory.
		The term gun is often used as a synonym to firearm, but technically only refers to smoothbore firearms and naval artillery, with rifles not being called a gun.
		See Firearm for the main rifle and gun page.
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/g/gu/gun.html (120 words)

	Texas Gun Club \| Handguns \| Rifles \| Shotguns \| Shooting Ranges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This ranges from a feeling that it's good to have a gun around the house for self-protection, to an active distrust of government and a belief that widespread gun ownership is protection against tyranny.
		There are survivalists who do not have firearms, police who have not fired their weapons in years, and members of the military who actively avoid shooting.
		What sets the members of the gun culture apart is their enthusiasm and continued participation in sharpening shooting skills over long periods of time.
	texasgunclub.com (2364 words)

	Wadcutter: Energy & momentum part II
		Many shooters also like to know the momentum of their projectiles, because they feel that it is a better indicator of how well a bullet will penetrate through highly non-fluidic materials like thick hide and bone.
		The human body is hideously complex, and the way in which it converts the kinetic energy of recoil into something else will depend a great deal on the physical characteristics and shooting techniques of the person pulling the trigger.
		Likewise, it is almost meaningless to compare the recoil numbers of rifles to pistols, since the physical act of absorbing a rifle’s kick with one’s shoulder is completely different from taming a pistol’s recoil with one’s hands.
	wadcutter.blogspot.com /2005/03/energy-momentum-part-ii.html (1280 words)

	Recoil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The recoil of a firearm, both large and small is a function of the law conservation of momentum and can be stated mathematically as: m·v = m·v from Newton’s third law.
		Again, recoil is a principal of the law of conservation of momentum and the energy of a recoiling firearm, firearm system or projectile is a quality of work and can be measured.
		Hollywood depictions of firearm victims being thrown through plate-glass windows are inaccurate, for if this were the case, the shooter would also be thrown backwards with equal force.
	www.artistopia.com /recoil (1452 words)

	Neatorama » Blog Archive » 9 Laws of Physics That Don’t Apply in Hollywood
		Given these basic principles of physics, the only “footing” where this would be possible is with the grounded foot butted against a nearly vertical surface (such as a wall as suggested by Rule #4).
		By teaching improper laws of physics, the movie industry is giving some people the only (improper) physics lesson(s) they will ever receive and ones that someday, they may stake their lives upon.
		Anyway, you left off the most prominent physics error seen in movies: If two people are falling, one person first followed by another person moments later, the second person cannot catch up to the first person in midair to save him or her.
	www.neatorama.com /2007/03/06/9-laws-of-physics-that-dont-apply-in-hollywood (11703 words)

	Forensic Science - Science Articles
		Forensic science that is used to answer criminal questions provides answers through the comparison of biological evidence, controlled substances and firearms that may be found at the site of the crime.
		In addition to this, with the help of trace evidence and impression evidence like fingerprints, tire tracks and footwear impressions and all other evidence that may be found in a scene of crime, the necessary answers for criminal investigations can be found with forensic science.
		Content here is not reviewed for accuracy, we rely on the expertise of the authors and the peer review in the comments section.
	www.physicspost.com /articles.php?articleId=226 (622 words)

	Firearms Safety -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A firearm is a kinetic energy weapon that fires either a single or multiple projectiles propelled at high velocity by the gases produced by action of the rapid confined burning of a propellant.
		In recent centuries, firearms are the predominant weaponry used by mankind.
		In firearms terminology, an action is the system of operation that the firearm employs to seal the breech (in a breech-loading firearm), and to load consecutive rounds.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/54/firearms-safety.html (1324 words)

	Department of Physics Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Physics is an extraordinarily cogent and exciting branch of science.
		Physics prepare the learner for graduate school, for work in industrial and government laboratories, or to teach physics in secondary schools.
		The physics major is available at the college of St. Catherine through cooperation with ACTC consortium colleges.
	www.stkate.edu /physics/aboutphys.html (223 words)

	Keep and Bear Arms
		Citizens and pilots are completely overwhelmed by this law -- like a double law -- and could not maintain possession of their guns under any circumstances, even if they had extensive training in weapons retention and military experience in hand to hand combat.
		Government employees and hired Sky Marshals can maintain control of their firearms on airplanes at all times, even if they are the only person on board with a firearm and are simultaneously attacked by six crazed terrorists.
		There are a other Laws of Physics that must be considered before arming pilots and passengers on commercial airliners, as well.
	www.keepandbeararms.com /information/XcIBPrintItem.asp?ID=2467 (955 words)

	Social Issues
		However, Firearms and Violence: A Critical Review, a report by the National Research Council, finds that current research and data are too weak to settle policy debates or support strong conclusions about the effects of various measures to prevent and control gun violence.
		Similarly, it isn't known whether firearms prevention programs in place at many schools throughout the country work as intended, or whether the many existing firearms control laws affect crime and violence.
		Research linking firearms to criminal violence and suicide is seriously limited by a lack of credible information on who owns firearms and on individuals' encounters with violence, the report says.
	www.nationalacademies.org /annualreport/soc04.htm (2525 words)

	Gun information - Search.com
		The term gun is often used as a synonym to firearm, but in its more technical usage refers only to artillery that fires projectiles at a high velocity along a flat trajectory, such as anti-aircraft artillery, field guns, tank guns and anti-tank guns, and naval guns.
		Mortars and all hand-held firearms are excluded from this definition.
		The exception to this is the shotgun, which is hand-held, has a smooth bore and fires a cartridge of pellets or a single projectile known as a slug.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Gun (602 words)

	allnurses.com
		Conversely, subjects of wide interest that were difficult to follow because they were interspersed throughout the book have now been given entire chapters of their own, including relativity, curved space, and quantum theory.
		Making a book on theoretical physics that can be considered a "light read" is a daunting task, but Hawking's voice comes through with a clear, conversational tone and an easy confidence that inspires the reader to wrap their mind around the paradoxes of quantum mechanics and general relativity.
		As a science teacher who is not specifically teaching physics (I teach chemistry), I found that A Briefer History of Time really raised my interest and enthusiasm while summarizing some concepts that I was out of practice with.
	www.allnurses.com /nursingbooks/shop.php?c=NsgBooks&n=14592&i=0553804367 (1139 words)

	Ballistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A ballistic body is a body which is free to move, behave, and be modified in appearance, contour, or textureby ambient conditions, substances, or forces, as by the pressure of gases in a gun, by rifling in a barrel, by gravity, by temperature, or by air particles.
		Firearm ballistics information is used in forensic science.
		Internalballistics, the study of the processes originally accelerating the projectile, for example the passage of a bullet through the barrel of a rifle ;
	www.therfcc.org /ballistics-6386.html (213 words)

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